© 2003 by Streamsim Technologies Marco R. Thiele and Rod P. Batycky StreamSim Technologies Special...

transcript

Marco R. Thiele and Rod P. BatyckyStreamSim Technologies

—Special thanks you to Nobuo Nishikiori, Arabian Oil Company, for field data set.—

Water Injection Optimization Using a Streamline-Based Workflow

SPE ATCE Denver, CO – October 2003 SPE 84040

Outline

1. Objectives and introduction to streamline simulation.

2. The seed: additional data supplied by streamlines.

3. Waterflood optimization.

4. A workflow.

5. Example application.

Introduction – Biz Objectives

Analogues Decline Curve Analysis Material Balance/Type Curve Analysis Streamline Simulation Finite Difference Simulation Integrated Production Modeling

Develop/obtain knowledge

Synthesis and analysis

Performance Tools (simulation)Obtain and use key data

People

Business objectives: grow production, reserves, cash flow

Make and execute decisions

Strategies & recommendations

(after Pande 2003)

Performance Tools

Introduction—Streamline Sim.

(From Y. Gautier et al., 1999)

Geology Pressure Streamlines Compositions

Solve transport problem along 1D streamlines rather than on an underlying 3D computational grid.

Efficient solution of transport problemfiner grids, speed but also visualization & new data.

Modern Streamline Simulation1. SL’s are traced in 3D.

2. Conservation equations along SL’s are in terms of TOF.

3. SL’s are updated in time to reflect changing reservoirconditions.

4. Numerical 1D solutions along SL’s.

5. Gravity

6. Compressibility

sstreamline

The seed—New Data from SL’s• Streamlines are able to quantify

injector/producer relationships:

The seed—Flux Pattern Map

The seed – Injection Efficiency

• Injection Efficiency:

• Ieff for injector or for each producer-injector pair; changes with time.

• Works as a ratio of rates (instantaneous) or cumulative volumes (average)

• Can be used for any injection volume type.

off-set oil production [rb/day]

water injection [rb/day]effI

• Injection efficiencies can be used to automatically identify well pairs with extreme water cycling.

Water Injected

The seed – Injection Efficiency

Waterflood Optimization

• Objectivebest use of injected volumes• …for displacement purposes, not re-

pressurization.

• Increase rates in “high” efficiency connections, decrease rates in “low” efficiency connections.

• Must increase/decrease rates at both producers

and injectors.

maxmax

minmin

( , ): 1

MIN e e ee e w w

e MAX e ee e w w

Waterflood Optimization• Once well pairs are identified, use a weighting

function to decide how much volume to shift from low to high efficiency injectors.

Workflow

Calculate efficiencies using last know rates.

Re-allocate rates using weights from equation.

Simulate forward by t using new rates.

t,qn+1

t+t,qn+1

Waterflood Optimization

Middle Eastern Limestone Res.

• Compressible SL simulation

• 8 producers / 5 injectors

• Acceptable HM

• Objective: plan future water injection.

SL’s by Injectors SL’s by Producers

Flux Pattern Map by Injectors(beginning of optimization)

Flux Pattern Map by Injectors(end of optimization – 5 years)

10 optimization steps (6 months /step)

T + 5 Years

• Streamline simulation a complementary tool to finite difference simulation

• Take optimized reservoir rates from SL’s and feed to finite-difference simulator:

Analogues Decline Curve Analysis Material Balance/Type Curve Analysis Streamline Simulation Finite Difference Simulation Integrated Production Modeling

Performance Tools

Optimized Period

Optimized

Not optimized

Conclusions

• Streamlines offer a powerful new way to optimize flooding operations:• Well allocation data• Flux Pattern Map

• Streamlines complementary to more traditional simulation approaches.

• Procedure is automaticability to optimize large fields/many wells.

Thank you.

© 2003 by Streamsim Technologies Marco R. Thiele and Rod P. Batycky StreamSim Technologies Special...

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