© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-1 111 © 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All...

transcript

Module 1

Introduction to Wireless LANs

Learning Objectives

• Define and describe WLANs

• Describe the need and benefits of WLANs.

• Identify characteristics of Cisco Aironet 802.11a products.

• Identify characteristics of Cisco Aironet 802.11b products.

Overview

This module provides an introduction to the rapidly evolving technology of wireless LANs (WLANs). WLANs redefine the way the industry views LANs. Connectivity no longer implies attachment. Wireless networking provides all the features and benefits of traditional LAN technologies without the limitations of wires or cables. The freedom to roam while still maintaining connectivity has helped launch wireless networking to new heights.

Key terms

• WLAN

• Bridging

• Access Point

• Bridge

• Antenna

• Wi-Fi™

Major Factors

There are four major factors to consider before implementing a wireless network:

• High availability

• Scalability

• Manageability

• Open architecture

Momentum is Building in Wireless LANs

• Wireless LANs are an “addictive” technology

• Strong commitment to Wireless LANs by technology heavy-weights–Cisco, IBM, Intel, Microsoft

• Embedded market is growing–Laptop PC’s with “wireless inside”–PDA’s are next

• The WLAN market is expanding from Industry-Specific Applications, to Universities, Homes, & Offices

• Professional installers and technicians will be in demand

Wireless LANs Are Taking Off

($ Billions)

Source: Forward Concepts, 2003

Future Growth Due To:

StandardsHigh Bandwidth NeedsLow CostEmbedded in LaptopsVariety of DevicesVoice + DataMultiple ApplicationsSecurity Issues SolvedEase of DeploymentNetwork Mgmt. ToolsEnterprise Adoption

Worldwide WLAN Market*includes embedded clients, add-on client cards, & infrastructure equipment for both the business and consumer segments

CAGR = 43%

“Business-Class”vs Consumer WLAN

Industry has segmented: consumer vs. business

Cisco offers only “business-class” products:

•Security•Upgradeability•Network management•Advanced features•Choice of antennas•Highest throughput•Scalability

Benefits of WLANs

Unlicensed Frequency Bands

2.5 GHz Service2.5 GHz Service

Wireless Data Networks

LocalLocal WideWideCoverage AreaCoverage AreaCoverage AreaCoverage Area

SatelliteSatellite

9.6 Kbps9.6 Kbps

19.6 Kbps19.6 Kbps

56 Kbps56 Kbps

1 Mbps1 Mbps

2 Mbps2 Mbps

10 Mbps10 Mbps

50 Mbps50 Mbps

Broadband PCSBroadband PCS

Spread Spread Spectrum Spectrum Wireless Wireless

LANsLANs

Spread Spread Spectrum Spectrum Wireless Wireless

LANsLANsInfrared Infrared Wireless Wireless

LANsLANs

Narrow Band Narrow Band Wireless LANsWireless LANs

Circuit and Packet DataCircuit and Packet DataCellular, CDPD, Mobitex, DataTacCellular, CDPD, Mobitex, DataTac

Narrowband PCSNarrowband PCSNarrowband PCSNarrowband PCS

Wireless Technologies

PAN(Personal Area

Network)

PAN(Personal Area

Network)

LAN(Local Area Network)

WAN(Wide Area Network)

MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)

PANPAN LANLAN MANMAN WANWAN

BluetoothBluetooth

Peer-to-PeerDevice-to-Device

ShortShort

<1 Mbps<1 Mbps

802.11a, 11b, 11gHiperLAN2

Enterprise Networks

MediumMedium

2–54+ Mbps2–54+ Mbps

802.11MMDS, LMDS

Fixed, LastMile AccessFixed, LastMile Access

Medium–LongMedium–Long

22+ Mbps22+ Mbps

GSM, GPRS,CDMA, 2.5–3GGSM, GPRS,

CDMA, 2.5–3G

PDAs, MobilePhones, Cellular

Access

PDAs, MobilePhones, Cellular

Access

LongLong

10–384 Kbps10–384 Kbps

StandardsStandards

SpeedSpeed

RangeRange

ApplicationsApplications

Wireless Technologies

860 Kbps

900 MHz

1 and 2 Mbps

2.4 GHz

Proprietary

WLAN Evolution: 2000–Present

Warehousing

Retail

Healthcare

EducationBusinessesHome

802.11 Ratified

802.11a,b Ratified

802.11g

Drafted1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

1 and 2 Mbps

2.4 GHz

11 Mbps 54 Mbps

Standards-based

5 GHzRadio

Network

IEEE 802.11Begins Drafting

Wi-Fi™

Wi-Fi™ Alliance• Wireless Fidelity Alliance

• 170+ members

• Over 350 products certified

Wi-Fi’s™ Mission• Certify interoperability of WLAN products

(802.11)

• Wi-Fi™ is the “stamp of approval”

• Promote Wi-Fi™ as the global standard

Components and Topologies

WLAN Devices

In-building Infrastructure

• 1200 Series (802.11a and 802.11b)

• 1100 Series (802.11b)

• 350 Series (802.11b) not shown

Bridging

• 350 Series (802.11b)

•BR350

•WGB350

• 1400 Series (802.11a)

WLAN Devices

Antenna

•2.4GHz

•5 GHz Antennas

Clients

• 350 Series (802.11b)

• 5 GHz client adapter (802.11a)

• Workgroup bridge (802.11b)

Cable, Accessories, Wireless IP Phone

Cable and Accessories

• Low Loss Cable

• Antenna Mounts

• Lightening Arrestor

• Wireless IP Phone

Cisco Aironet 802.11b Client Adapters

2.4 GHz• 802.11b

• 11 Mbps

Include• PC Card

• PCI Card

• LMC Card

• Mini PCI

Cisco Aironet 350 Series Mini PCI Adapter

2.4 GHz/802.11b embedded wireless for notebooks

100 mW transmit power

Must order through PC manufactures (not orderable directly through Cisco)

Cisco Aironet 802.11a Client Adapter

5 GHz/802.11a• 54 Mbps

Rate Shifting • 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, or 54

Fixed data rates • User configurable option

5 dBi Patch Antenna

CardBus interface

Transmit power settings:• 20 mW, 10 mW, and 5 mW

1200 Series Access Point

Dual radio designField upgradable radio and software

– 802.11b radio• 100 mW radio• Built-in RP-TNC connectors for

diversity• Wide range of Cisco 2.4 GHz

antennas offered– 802.11a radio

• Delivers up to 54 Mbps, the next generation of performance

• Can run in dual mode capacity with the 802.11b radio

• Innovative antenna design to fit deployment needs

Enterprise-class management and security

Cisco Aironet 1100 Series Access Point

Single 802.11b radio• Time-tested technology• Supports installed client-base

Upgradable• Migration path to 802.11g for further investment

return

Scalable • Fully functional access point ideal for all enterprise

deployments without expensive controllers

Affordable• Lowest priced upgradable Cisco Aironet access

Enterprise-class features• End-to-end intelligent networking and security

extended to WLAN

Enterprise-Class Features on all Cisco Aironet Access Points

Cisco IOS (1100 and 1200 Series) • End-to-end intelligent network services

• Familiar service configuration and network behavior

VxWorks (350 Series)• Easy web-based GUI interface

VLANs• Network segmentation for flexible policy and service application

QoS• End-to-end prioritization for applications such as voice and

Proxy Mobile IP• Seamless inter-subnet roaming

Cisco Aironet WLAN Solutions for the Enterprise

Cisco Aironet 1100 Series Cisco Aironet 1200 Series Intelligent Enterprise Services at a Lower Total Cost

Outstanding Enterprise Performance and Greatest Flexibility

Single 802.11b radio (upgradable to 802.11g with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES))

Dual-mode 802.11a and 802.11b support (upgradable to 802.11g with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES))

Integrated diversity dipole antennas for simplified deployment

Two 2.4 GHz antenna connectors for high gain diversity antennas; integrated 5 GHz antennas

Indoor environmental specifications, durable plastic case

Industrial environmental specifications, rugged metal case

Extra memory and system capacity for future releases

Inline and Local Power Inline and Local Power

Cisco IOS-based operating system Cisco IOS operating system

QOS, VLANs, and Proxy Mobile IP QOS, VLANs, and Proxy Mobile IP

350 Series Workgroup Bridge (WGB)

2.4 GHz/802.11b

Supports 8 MAC addresses

Acts as client to Cisco Aironet access point or bridge when in access point mode

350 Series Bridge (WB)

Flexibility: 2.4 GHz/802.11b point-to-point and multi-point

Management capabilities:• SNMP, Telnet, FTP, HTML

• 802.1D spanning tree

Breadth of product line:• 11, 5.5, 2, 1 Mbps

• Antenna/range options

Cisco Aironet 1400 Series

High Performance•Industry leading throughput and range

Easy-to-Use•Out of the box installation in outdoor environment

Flexible•Point to point and point to multi-point bridging

•Multiple mounting and antenna options

Secure•Enterprise-class security

Feature Rich•Intelligent Network Services via IOS

Cisco Aironet Wireless Bridging Solutions

Cisco Aironet 350 Series Cisco Aironet 1400 Series

Wireless Bridging at a Lower Total Cost

Wireless Bridging with high performance

Single 802.11b radio with data rates up to 11 Mbps

Single 802.11a radio with data rates up to 54 Mbps

3 miles typical point to point range with directional antennas at 11 Mbps

7.5 miles typical point to point range with directional antennas at 54 Mbps

Two 2.4 GHz antenna connectors for high gain diversity antennas

Single 5.8 GHz integrated patch array antenna or antenna connector for remote antennas

Indoor industrial environmental specifications, rugged metal case

Outdoor environmental specifications, tested to NEMA 4

Inline and Local Power Inline Power via Power Injector LR

VxWorks based operating system Cisco IOS operating system

QOS, VLANs, and Proxy Mobile IP QOS, VLANs, and Proxy Mobile IP

Statistics via telnet Antenna Alignment feedback via LEDs and RSSI port and statistics via telnet

Antennas

2.4 GHz 5 GHz

•Indoor and Outdoor

•WLAN and Bridging

• Outdoor

• Bridging

Cable and Accessories

802.11-Enabled Phones

A cordless phone for the workplace

•Cisco 7920 Wireless VoIP phone

Beyond Laptops:Other 802.11-Enabled Devices

PDA’s

Phones

Printers

Projectors

Tablet PC’s

Security Cameras

Barcode scanners

Custom devices for vertical markets:

•Healthcare•Manufacturing•Retail•Restaurants

HP iPAQ 5450 PDA

Compaq Tablet PC

HHP Barcode Scanner

Epson Printer

Sharp M25X Projector

SpectraLink Phone

WLAN Market

In Building WLAN

Site to Site WLAN

WLAN Markets

Challenges and Issues

Radio Signal Interference

Power Consumption

Interoperability

Wireless LAN Security:Lessons

“War Driving”

Hacking into WEP

Lessons:

• Security must be turned on (part of the installation process)

• Employees will install WLAN equipment on their own (compromises security of your entire network)

• WEP keys can be easily broken (businesses need better security)

Reliability and Connectivity

Installation and Site Design Issues—Bridging

Installation and Site Design Issues—WLAN

Health Issues

IEEE 802.11 Standards Activities

802.11a: 5GHz, 54Mbps

802.11b: 2.4GHz, 11Mbps

802.11d: Multiple regulatory domains

802.11e: Quality of Service (QoS)

802.11f: Inter-Access Point Protocol (IAPP)

802.11g: 2.4GHz, 54Mbps

802.11h: Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) and Transmit Power Control (TPC)

802.11i: Security

802.11j: Japan 5GHz Channels (4.9-5.1 GHz)

802.11k: Measurement

WLAN Speeds & Frequencies

802.11g2.4 GHz – OFDM/CCK

54 Mbps

Proprietary IEEE 802.11a/b Ratified

802.11a5 GHz – OFDM

54 Mbps

802.11b2.4 GHz – CCK

11 Mbps

Jan’99 Jan’00 Jan’01 Jan’02 Jan’03 Jan’04

Summary

• Identify characteristics of Cisco Aironet 802.11a products.

• Identify characteristics of Cisco Aironet 802.11b products.

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. FWL 1.0—1-1 111 © 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All...

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