*** Note: you are responsible for slide material including thenotes under slides 5, 14,15, and 16

Recognized forms of Manual Therapies

• Chiropractic• Massage therapy• Trager• Feldenkrais

method• Reiki• Rolfing

• Osteopathy• Cranial

Osteopathy• Therapeutic Touch• Alexander

Technique• Chinese Qigong• [ Physical Therapy

& more with acupuncture ]

Massage therapy forms

• Swedish; deep tissue; sports; neuromuscular; acupressure; shiatsu (Japanese form of acupressure); manual lymph drainage; cranio-sacral

• Also a Zero-balancing massage form re structural body balancing with external “unseen” energy

Massage therapy (MT) evidence

• Felix re infants & premature infants treated with MT gain more weight, less time in hospital – same with MT and cocaine exposed babies

• Some studies support adult decreased depression measures with MT

• Endorphin production inducement with massage esp successful with fibromyalgia patients

• Lymph drainage MT found important to reduce lymphedema post radical mastectomy

• Lots of studies re changes with MT on physiological measures like HR, BP and skin temp

From: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006 Issue 1

• “Aromatherapy and massage for symptom relief in patients with cancer” by Fellowes & others – 1322 studies [ most common study re massage ~ anxiety ], only 8 met RCT criteria – results inconclusive

• Re LBP: One of the oldest forms of health care now has Cochrane evidence of benefit. In the newly updated Cochrane review of massage for low back pain, there is now some evidence to show overall benefit …

• New, “high quality trials” show that massage gives some relief from back pain that has continued for many weeks or months - and the benefit may continue at least a year after the course of massage is over [ meta analysis by Furlan, Massage for low-back pain, 2006, main confirmation], esp when massage is combined with education and stretching

MT – harm ?

• Contraindicated for advanced heart diseases, embolism, kidney failure, some cancers (damages fragile tissue from chemo)

• Also, caution during pregnancy, osteoporosis, diabetes

• Logic of not doing local areas for eczema, arthritis

Massage Therapy

• Use of essential oils in massage is called aromatherapy – rose, sandalwood, aloe vera et

• Article “Shiatsu, Swedish Muscle Massage, and Trigger Point Suppression in Spinal Pain Syndrome” from Journal of Pain Management posted under Module V as “massage therapy research article”

• Also, Text chapter 11 covers a range of body-centered therapies – yoga, meditation, tai chi, Qigong, Feldenkrais, and massage – all very briefly

Logo ofCdn College of Osteopathy

3 main principles of osteopathy :

• 1. Structure and function are interdependent ~ structure can have significant impact on bodily function

• 2. “The rule of the artery is supreme”

• 3. The unity of the human being

*

DO’s and MD’s

• DOs and MDs are both fully licensed physicians who are authorized to prescribe medication and perform surgery. While attending their own medical schools, DOs are responsible for the same academic discipline as their MD colleagues and receive an additional 300 to 500 hours in the study of the body's musculoskeletal system. Physicians who wish to pursue the field of Cranial Osteopathy must train an additional five years in practice to be certified in this area of expertise.

How does Osteo Work

• The Osteopath's job is to "set" the body up to heal itself. To restore this normal function, the Osteopath gently applies a precise amount of force to promote movement of the bodily fluids, eliminate dysfunction in the motion of the tissues, and release compressed bones and joints

• In addition, the areas being treated require proper positioning to assist the body's ability to regain normal tissue function - called Osteopathic Manual Medicine (OMM) * note techniques posted under this slide on web site [strain-counterstrain, thrust etc]

*

Pub Med re Osteomanipulation

Evidence & Research re Efficacay of Osteopathy

• Clincal studies showing dramatic lowering of BP in hypertensive patients

• Numerous studies comparing chiro, allopathic and osteo treatments for acute LBP; general endorsement for osteo

• Ev for cold virus relief with cranial osteopathy manipul (sinus drainage?)

• Good ev re relief of hyperactivity, low back pain ( latter now endorsed by health agencies in US )

• Only meta analysis (2005) found was re low amplitude, high velocity spinal treatment for relief of dysmenorrhoea symptoms – no better than sham

Pennsylv

Your comments ?

Next Day

• Dr Robert Taylor, Osteopath

• Read chapter 8, 166-176

~ Robert Taylor

Midterm Exam

• You can take up the exam, check # of correct Q’s etc with Tom

• 10:30-1:00 today & next Thursday ONLY (his regular office hours) room 210 this building

• Bring your back page• Information re the “ALL” answers accepted;

and re the 7 questions on back page of course outline correlating with 41 of the 50 exam questions

• Questions for review after each week for this part of the course

Chiropractic Career Night

• Tuesday March 14th

• Social Sciences Building 3014

Robert Taylor

HISTORY OF OSTEOPATHY

• Dr Andrew Taylor Still founder of osteopathy 1874

History of Osteopathy

• Dr. Andrew Taylor Still an American physician is credited as the founder of Osteopathy

• He developed the methods and applications of osteopathy in 1874 and founded the first osteopathy school on Kirksville USA.

“…to be an Osteopath you must study and know the exact construction of the human body, the exact location of every bone, nerve, fiber, muscle, and organ, the origin, the course and flow of all the fluids of the body, the relation of each to the other, and the function each is to perform in perpetuating life and health. In addition you must have the skill and ability to enable you to detect the exact location of every obstruction to the regular movements of this grand machinery of life.” A.T. Still, 1901.

Dr William Garner Sutherland1873-1954

Dr William Garner Sutherland

• Pupil of Dr. Andrew Taylor at Kirksville has been credited as the founder of cranial osteopathy.

Dr Philippe Druelle

Traditional Osteopathy, as presented by the Canadian College of Osteopathy, is

defined as: “A natural medicine which aims to

restore function in the body by treating the causes of pain and imbalance. To achieve this goal the Osteopath relies on the quality and finesse of his/her

palpation and works with the position, mobility and quality of the tissues.”

Philippe Druelle, DO

Founder of First school in Montreal

• College D”Etudes Osteopathiques de Montreal 1981

• College of osteopathy Toronto 1992• Colleges have currently opened in

Halifax, Vancouver, Winnipeg• England, France, Belgium, Russia,

Germany, Italy , Switzerland.

Pre-RequisitesIn order to enrol directly in the Traditional Osteopathy

program, the applicant must meet three criteria. 1a) Hold a university degree in the Human Sciences, Health

Sciences or an equivalent health science OR 1b) Hold a degree in Medicine, Nursing, Dentistry, Naturopathy, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy,

Athletic Therapy, or Chiropractic. AND 2) Be a member in good standing and hold an up-to-date licence, registration or certificate in a medical or manual

therapy based practice. AND 3) Have a strong vocation to treat people. Those applicants

lacking a university degree in the Health or related Sciences are eligible to enrol in the pre-admissions

program. All admissions are subject to review by the Admissions Committee. The immediate enrolment and successful completion of the pre-admissions program ensures that the applicant may begin the Traditional

Osteopathy program in the same year as those who have all the pre-requisites.

Thomas Schooley and Anne Wales

The Regulation of Osteopathy in OntarioThe regulation of Osteopathy in the province of Ontario is

complicated by several factors. This complication is due to the recognition of the title Osteopathic Physician, by The College of Physicians and Surgeons

of Ontario . Osteopathic Physicians are those individuals who have trained in the United States

and who hold a medical degree from a college approved by the American Osteopathic

Association. In addition to being licensed physicians, they also have osteopathic manual

training. In Canada the Canadian College of Osteopathy provides an education in Traditional

Osteopathic Manual Practice. Although, The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario recognizes Osteopathic Physicians, the manual

practice of Osteopathy is not regulated in Ontario . Fortunately there is an organization – the

Ontario Association of Osteopaths (OAO) – that was founded in 1999, by the students and graduates

of the CCO. The OAO is actively working on a submission to the Ontario government to have

manual Osteopathy become regulated in Ontario .

What is Osteopathy?

• Osteopathy is a natural medicine that views the individual as a whole unit

• Osteopaths assess and treat movement restrictions in your body

• Osteopaths focus on the cause of the pain and dysfunction rather than concentrating only on the symptoms

What is osteopathic palpation?

• It is a well defined sense of touch that allows the practitioner to feel restrictions within the body

• It is a hands on approach used to identify structural changes and rhythms of the body

• It is a gentle contact with powerful results• It is a skill that takes many years to

develop• It sets the osteopathic approach apart from

other forms of manual therapy

Who can benefit from Osteopathy?

• Newborns , infants and toddlers• Adolescents• Athletes• Pregnant women• Accident victims• Adults • Seniors• Individuals with physical and mental

challenges• Terminal illness patients

What are the benefits of Osteopathic treatment?

• Removes the underlying cause of the pain. Osteopaths are taught to think global not local.

• Relieves chronic pain• Helps women adapt to hormonal

changes of their pregnancy• Reduces scars and adhesions• Treats accidents and sports injuries• Encourages the body to heal itself

Treatment techniques

• Gentle osteo-articular corrections

• Visceral mobilization• Cranial osteopathy• Myofascial tension• Muscle energy• Strain counter strain• Endocranial

Children

• Infections• Childhod asthma• Postural and

mobility abnomalities

• Severe physical and developmental problems

• Childhood migraine• Ear problems• Respiratory and

breathing problems

Sports• Running, track and field• Contact sports, rugby hockey and

soccer• Wrestling, judo karateInjuries such as;joint problems, recurring muscular

pain, strains and muscular pullsChronic injuries, shin splints, plantar

fascitiis, tibia posterior tendonitis and Achilles tendonitis.

Pregnancy and new borns

Birthing process

Complications at birth

• Colic and other digestive problems; sleeplessness; crying/upset/whinging babies; learning difficulties; persistent coughs and colds; glue ear; hyperactivity:etc.More Reasons… Chronic Middle Ear Infections Headaches Learning Disabilities Sensory Integration Problems Trauma Breastfeeding Difficulties Autism Developmental Delays Chronic Pain Difficult Mobility ADD/ADHD Cerebral Palsy Genetic Disorders Neurological Conditions

Osteopathy problems

Illustrations © 2004 Jeffrey Burch. All rights reserved. Used with permission from Jeffrey Burch.  For more information on his work, visit www.jeffreyburch.com/

Cranial dura sacrum

• * Migraine Headaches * Chronic Neck and Back Pain * Motor-Coordination Impairments * Colic * Autism * Central Nervous System Disorders * Orthopedic Problems * Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injuries * Scoliosis * Infantile Disorders * Learning Disabilities * Chronic Fatigue * Emotional Difficulties * Stress and Tension-Related Problems * Fibromyalgia and other Connective-Tissue Disorders * Temporomandibular Joint Syndrome (TMJ) * Neurovascular or Immune Disorders * Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder * Post-Surgical Dysfunction

• http://www.osteopathiecollege.com