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Prepositions

Intro to Lit

+Preposition

word that relates a noun or pronoun that appears with it to another word in the sentence.

See chart on page 402

+compound prepositions

Sometimes prepositions are made up of 2 or 3 words

These are compound prepositions- sometimes they are spelled separately and sometimes they are spelled together

 Example:

We walked into the store together.We ran out of the store together.

+Prepositional Phrase

Prepositional Phrase: a group of words that includes a preposition and a noun or pronoun.

The object of a preposition is the noun or pronoun that follows the preposition.

Example:

The ball went into the basket.

We drove together throughout the night.

+PRACTICE

Write the prepositional phrase(s) and identify the preposition (watch for compound preps!)

Don’t walk in the storm without a hat and boots.

In back of the shop the owner bakes fresh bread.

The rabbit slipped under the gate.

Chinese lanterns were hung from the ceiling.

According to the speech, the aliens were coming soon.

Step outside the door and see the sunset.

+Preposition or Adverb??

- Remember-

Prepositions have objects.

Adverbs do not. Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.

PRACTICE: Is the underlined word a Prep or ADV?

The painter climbed up the ladder.

At noon, the doctor went out.

The speed skater raced around the corner.

Above, the sun shone brightly.

+Conjunctions

Conjunction: word used to connect other words or groups of words

There are three kinds of conjunctions: coordinating, correlative, and subordinating

Coordinating: these connect words or groups of words

EX: Melody and Susie went to see the movie.

These conjunctions are : and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet

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Correlative: also join equal elements in sentences, but they always work in pairs

EX: He was not only intelligent, but also handsome.

These conjunctions are: both…and, not only…. but also, either…or, neither….nor, whether….or

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Subordinating: join two complete ideas by making one of the ideas subordinate (dependant) on the other

EX: You may go to the game if you wash the dishes

See chart on pg. 409

+Subordinating Conjunction or Preposition?

After, before, since, till and until can be subordinating conjunctions or prepositions, depending on how they are used. 

Remember: SC join two complete ideas and Preps begin a prep phrase.

SC: Before you leave, please turn out the lights.

Prep: Make sure you get there before noon.

+PRACTICE

Write the conjunction and identify as coordinating, correlative, or subordinating.

I offered my help, but she refused.

Either I will go, or I will send a representative.

He is not only neat, but also accurate.

I travel because I enjoy meeting new people.

Both a dictionary and a thesaurus are useful in college.

We had a winning record while he was captain.

+Interjection

Interjection: word that expresses feeling or emotion and functions independently of a sentence

can express a variety of feelings such as joy, fear, anger, surprise, exhaustion, dismay, or sorrow

Interjections are often set off from the rest of the sentence by a comma or exclamation point 

+Examples

Some interjections include: ah, aha, alas, dear, goodness, gracious, hey, hurrah, oh, ouch, psst, tsk, well, whew, wow

Whew, I think that was the hardest I have ever run.

AHH there is a spider on the floor!