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PRESENT STATUS, EXPERIENCE
AND PROBLEMS OF
SRI IN TRIPURA STATE
NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SRI
17 and 18th November’2006
Hyderabad, India
Baharul Islam Majumdar
TRIPURA REQUIREMENTS OF FOODGRAINS BY 2010
Year Projected Population
(in Lakhs)
Food Grain
Requirement
(Mt, in Lakhs)
2006-07 34.89 7.87
2007-08 35.40 7.98
2008-09 35.92 8.09
2009-10 36.44 8.22
Strategy to Attain Self- Sufficiency
• Rice is regarded as the growth engine of the state economy
• Crop management strategy = SRI
• Varietal technology = Hybrid Rice
SRI Research Activities
• Initiated in the year 1999-2000, in the boro season by B. Majumdar
• SRI adaptability evaluated under agro-climatic conditions of Tripura from 1999-2000 until 2001-02 (5 seasons covering both kharif and boro) – high rainfall area (2500 mm ave. or more)
Demonstration and TrainingDemonstrations taken up in farmers’
fields from kharif season 2002-2003• 2002-03 – 44 farmers -@ 0.2 ha• 2003-04 – 88 farmers @ 0.2 ha• 2004-05 – 440 farmers @ 0.4 ha• 2005-06 – 880 farmers @ 0.4 ha• 2006-07 – 31,620 farmers @ 0.2 ha
in kharif/aman season, • With target for boro/rabi season of
52,105 farmers (many are the same)
Area Coverage in Kharif, 2006-07, by districts
District Target
in Ha
Achievement
in Ha
Percentage achieved
West 2,340 1,912 81.7%
South 3,370 2,794 82.9%
Dhalai 350 657* 187.8%
North 2,080 961 46.2%
Total 8,140 6,324 77.7%
Targets for Boro/Rabi Season2006-07 (Area in Ha)
District Target Spill- over
from kharif
Additional requirement
Total
Target for boro
West 4,060 428 - 4,488
South 2,825 576 700 4,101
Dhalai 850 - - 850
North 870 1119 - 1,989
Total 8,605 2123 700 11,428
NURSERY MANAGEMENT
SOIL 75%
COW DUNG / FYM 20%
RICE HULL / HUSK (BURNED) 5%
SOIL+COW DUNG+RICE HULL / BURNED HUSK MIXTURE
- 1.5 to 2 cm THICK LAYER ON TOP OF THE RAISED NURSERY BED
RAISED NURSERY BED
AFTER SOWING OF SPROUTED SEEDS, SEED BED SHALL BE COVERED BY THIN LAYER OF SOIL MIXTURE
NURSERY BED SHALL BE COVERED BY PADDY STRAW
FOR 2 DAYS
INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE USED
TO SAVE NURSERY FROM BIRDS
ITK TO SAVE NURSERY FROM BIRDS
CROSS SECTION OF NURSERY BED
SOIL AND TOP LAYER OF MIXTURE OF
SOIL + COW DUNG + RICE HULL
TRANSPLANTING
Transplanting 8-12 days old seedling
Transplant seedlings within 30 minutes after uprooting from nursery bed without giving any transplanting shock to the seedlings
Root of the seedling shall not be bent upward like J, it shall be like L
One seedling per hill
10-day-old Nursery
Seedling 10 days old
Careful transportation of seedlings to the main field
Uprooting of young seedlings without any trauma, and transplanting them into the main field within 30 minutes
Method-I
Uprooting of young seedlings without any trauma and
transplanting them in the main field within 30 minutes
Method-II
Uprooting of young seedling without any trauma and transplanting themn the main field within 30 minutes – locally-devised method of transport
Method-III
DEPTH OF TRANSPLANTING1-2 cm only
Differences in shape of roots after transplanting – should be like a J
J L
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Deeper transplanting significantly reduces the number of tillers
Comparative photograph of
20 DAT plants
ONE SEEDLING PER HILL
Labour-intensive ??necessary at first
SPACING
25 x 25 cm row to row
and
25 x 25 cm plant to plant
LEVELLING OF THE MAIN FIELD
SPACING MAINTENANCE THROUGH LOW-COST DEVICE DEVELOPED BY FARMERS
Husband-wife team developed this spacing implement made from bamboo
Principles of nutrient management
• Feed the soil to feed the plant, rather than feeding the plant.
• Empower the soil biologically, by increasing the populations of micro-organisms in the soil
Nutrient Management• Organic manure/ FYM / Oil cake• Green manure / Leaf Manure• Bio-Fertilizer• Compost / Vermicompost• Crop residue management / Paddy
straw• 25 % of present recommended dose of
chemical fertilizer• No top dressing of chemical fertilizers
at any stage of the crop
WATER MANAGEMENT
Necessary under rainfed as well as irrigated conditions
No standing water at the
time of transplanting. In muddy soil, space is left for drainage, with drain created during first weeding at 10-12 DAT
Drainage Channel in the Main Field
12 days after irrigation / watering
Drainage channel -- 25 cm wide and 25 cm deep
60 DAT -- 65 tillersper hill / per plantMTU 7029
75 DAT 80 tillersper hill/
per plant
MTU 7029
No standing water near the base of the plant, no hindrance to the aeration
NO STANDING WATER, NO HYPOXIC SOIL CONDITIONS
WEED MANAGEMENT
• Minimize any weed - crop competition
• Maximize aerobic condition in the field
Weeding schedule:
3 weedings at an interval of
10 -12 days1st weeding
shall be done 10-12 DAT
YIELD
On an average, we are getting 2mt /ha more than the present system of farmers’ practice in the farmers’ fields under our Tripura conditions
YIELD CONTRIBUTING FACTORS:
NUMBER OF TILLERS PER PLANT
NUMBER OF PANICLES PER PLANT
NUMBER OF GRAINS PER PANICLE
LENGTH OF PANICLES
NUMBER OF FILLED GRAINS PER PANICLE
Counting of tillers by the farmer
Variety : Pooja
Variety : Pooja
Variety-wise Yield HYV Average
yield: conv.
method (t/ha)
Average yield:
SRI
method (t/ha)
No. of demos in farmers’
fields
(0.40 ha)
Joya 3.4 - 3.8 5.5 - 6.2 37
Krishna Hamsha
3.8 - 4.5 6.4 - 6.8 134
Satabdi 3.0 - 3.5 4.8 - 5.4 46
Swati 3.75 - 4.25 5.8 - 6.25 30
HYV Average yield: conv.
method (t/ha)
Average yield:
SRImethod (t/ha)
No. of demos in farmers’
fields(0.40 ha)
IR 64 4.5 - 5.0 7.2 - 7.6 192
MTU7029 4.5 - 5.5 7.2 - 8.5 183
NDR 359 4.3 - 5.2 6.5 - 7.2 73
NDR 97 2.5 - 3.0 4.6 - 5.0 64
POOJA 4.8 - 5.2 7.4 - 8.2 124
HYBRIDS VARIETIES
HYBRID Average yield: conv.
method (t/ha)
Average yield:
SRI
method (t/ha)
No. of demos in farmers’
fields
(0.40 ha)
DRRH-1 6.0 - 6.5 7.6 - 8.1 19
KRH-2 6.5 - 7.0 8.2 - 8.7 35
PHB 71 6.5 - 7.0 8.1 - 8.5 28
SHEYADRI 6.2 - 6.8 7.2 - 7.8 15
Variety-wise Yields with SRI
Local Average yield: conv.
method (t/ha)
Average yield:
SRImethod
(t/ha)
No. of demos in farmers’ fields (0.40 ha)
Local varieties
2.0 - 3.0 3.8 - 4.3 37
Local scented varieties
1.5 - 2.0 3.1 - 3.4 12
PROBLEMS
• Weeding*
• Water control*
• Labour intensity*
• Sustainable soil fertility management ???
THANK
YOU
ALL
SIR