Post on 21-Dec-2015
transcript
1: dp/dt (+)2: dp/dt (-)3: Peak Left Ventricular Pressure4: Time to Peak Left Ventricular Pressure 5: Systolic Time 6: Diastolic Time 7: Left Ventricular End-Systolic Pressure and Volume 8: Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Pressure and Volume 9: Right and Left Atrial Pressure10: Rate of Aortic Flow11: Stroke Volume and Cardiac Output
Parameters Reflecting Contractility
Air Pressure
A: OutflowB: Starling resistanceC: Electromagnetic flow probeD: Warming coilE: Venous reservoirF: Inflow1:Electrocardiogram2: Left ventricular pressure – dp/dt (+/-)3: Left atrial pressure4: Aortic pressure5: Systemic output (cardiac output less coronary flow)
Heart-lung preparation
Control-I and venous reservoir raised 5cm
AP (mmHg)
LVP (mmHg)
dp/dt (+/-) (mmHg/sec)
Venous reservoir raised 5cmControl-I
SO (ml/min)SO (ml/min)
200 -
0 -
200 -
0 -
0 -
0 -
+ 5000 -
- 5000 -
0 -
LAP (cmH2O)
20 -
200 -
Control-II
AP (mmHg)
LVP (mmHg)
LAP (cmH2O)
dp/dt (+/-) (mmHg/sec)
SO (ml/min)
200 -
200 -
0 -
0 -
0 -
0 -
0 -
+ 5000 -
- 5000 -
20 -
200 -
Peak failure and NE (3g)
NE(3g)
Peak failure
AP (mmHg)
LVP (mmHg)
dp/dt (+/-) (mmHg/sec)
SO (ml/min)
LAP (cmH2O)
200 -
0 -
0 -
0 -
+ 5000 -
- 5000 -
0 -
200 -
200 -
0 -
20 -
10 minutes after NE
AP (mmHg)
LVP (mmHg)
dp/dt (+/-) (mmHg/sec)
SO (ml/min)
LAP (cmH2O)
0 -
200 -
0 -
0 -
0 -
+ 5000 -
- 5000 -
0 -
20 -
200 -
200 -
SO (ml/min)
dp/dt (+/-) (mmHg/sec)
LVP (mmHg)
AP (mmHg)
Ouabain – peak correction of failure and onset of arrhythmia
LAP (cmH2O)
0 -
200 -
0 -
0 -
0 -
+ 5000 -
- 5000 -
0 -
20 -
200 -
200 -
Correction Arrhythmia
SO (ml/min)
dp/dt (+/-) (mmHg/sec)
LVP (mmHg)
AP (mmHg)
Cardiac standstill
LAP (cmH2O)
0 -
200 -
0 -
0 -
0 -
+ 5000 -
- 5000 -
0 -
20 -
200 -
200 -
Control
Treatment with NE
Peak failure
Ouabain correction of failure
Ouabain toxicity 1
Ouabain toxicity 2
Ouabain Toxicity 3
Ouabain toxicity 4
Ouabain toxicity 5
Ouabain toxicity 6
Ouabain Toxicity 7
SO dp/dt+ dp/dt- LVP LVEDP MAP HR LAP Syst time Diast time Time to Time to peak
ml/min mmHg/s mmHg/s mmHg cmH2O mmHg beats/m cmH2O sec sec peak LVP relaxation
sec sec
Control (I)108 2100 1650 130 4 100 200 1.7 0.26 0.04 0.12 0.14
Venous reservoir raised 5 cm162 2400 1950 140 6 100 200 2.5 0.25 0.05 0.12 0.13
Control (II)110 2200 1750 130 4 100 200 1.5 0.25 0.05 0.12 0.13
Peak failure with pentobarbital50 1600 1000 125 17 100 165 13.6 0.31 0.06 0.13 0.18
Correction of failure with NE 5 µg114 5000 3500 220 5 130 200 2.3 0.19 0.11 0.07 0.12
New control 10 min after NE administration50 1700 1000 125 17 100 165 11 0.13 0.05 0.14 0.17
Peak correction of failure with Ouabain120 2300 1950 150 2 100 150 1 0.28 0.1 0.12 0.16
Ouabain arrhythmias124 2800 2500 180 2 95 146 1