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GLOBAL WARMING AND ITS IMPLICATION TOWARD URBAN SPACE IN INDONESIA

Amiluhur SoerosoGadjah Mada University

amisoeroso@gmail.com

Workshop Mapping Causal Complexity in Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation

Melbourne, Australia

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Structure of Presentation

• Introduction • Current condition of

Indonesia• Adaptation Plan

Related to Urban Infrastructure

• Infrastructure Adaptation Strategy

• Closing Remarks

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Introduction

• Indonesian geographical position one of the most vulnerable nations towards climate change impact – cities more vulnerable to

flood – rural areas will have

fresh water shortages. – The warming mountain

areas widen the habitat for disease vectors.

– high sea level and tidal wave cause abrasion and threaten coastal settlements.

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Ring of Fire

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Current Condition in Indonesia (1)

• 70 percent of infrastructures development in Indonesia is centered in Java, Sumatera and Bali Islands

• Infrastructures dispersion is not well-arranged, that it caused spatial structuring failure

• The contribution of urban activities to Green House Effect (GHE) is about 60 percent

• Related to the context of climate change, this factor worsens the problems of fresh water provided for urban areas

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Current Condition in Indonesia (2)

• Illegal logging in highland and thus have increased erosion --- properties and settlements built in river banks areas ---causes stream area in critical condition

• The increase of flood intensity caused by global warming is predicted to be nine times greater in the next decades

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Mangrove

• Mangrove forest in Indonesia only remains 50 percent or 3.5 million hectares

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Forest Damage

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• 35 thousand hectares of primary and secondary forestland has conversed to plantation and settlements every year

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Current Condition in Indonesia (3)

• Increasing sea level and flood will threat many areas :– Airports – Polonia (Medan), Soekarno-Hatta (Jakarta),

Juanda (Surabaya), Ngurah Rai (Denpasar), Hassanudin (Makassar) and Ahmad Yani (Semarang).

– Harbours – Belawan (Medan), Tanjung Priok (Jakarta), Tanjung Mas (Semarang), Tanjung Perak (Surabaya), Pontianak and Makassar.

– Road along of eastern Sumatera, northern Java (Jakarta-Surabaya) and central Sulawesi (Pare-pare-Bulukumba via Makassar).

– Irrigation network at food area centre of northern Java, eastern Sumatera and southern Sulawesi.

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Threatened Seashore Cities & Estuary Land

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Adaptation Plan Related to Urban Infrastructure

– comprehensive consideration to the aspects of value, culture, economic benefit, etc. is taken into account

– Cooperation all sector

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THANK YOU