Post on 24-Dec-2015
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Lesson 2Input, Output, and Processing
Computer Literacy BASICS: A Comprehensive Guide to IC3, 4th Edition
Morrison / Wells
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Skip to Slide 3
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Input and Output Devices
Input Device: Enables someone to enter data and commands into a computer.– Keyboard, mouse, scanner, etc.
Output Device: Enables the computer to give you the results of the processed data.– Monitor, projector, printer, etc.
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Standard Input Devices
Modem:
- A modem is a device that allows one computer to talk to another.
- Considered an Input and Output device due to its functions.
Keyboards:
- The keyboard is the most commonly used input device for entering text and numbers into a computer.
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
Keyboards (continued):– Ergonomic– Cordless/wireless– Specialized– Security– Foldable/flexible– Laser/Virtual– NIK (Nearly
Indestructible Keyboard)
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
Keyboards (continued):- Ergonomic: more natural/comfortable hand,
wrist, and arm positions.- Cordless/Wireless: battery-powered that
transmits data using wireless technology.- Specialized: specialized keys that represent
items (Ex. Fast Food keyboards)
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
Keyboards (continued):- Security: provides security features such as
biometric finger-print reader, magnetic stripe, and smart card readers.
- Foldable/Flexible: easily transported, soft, and water resistant. Used with mobile devices.
- Laser virtual: a laser beam generates a full-size keyboard. Used with computers, phones, and tablets.
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
Keyboards (continued):- NIK (Nearly Indestructible Keyboard): flexible and
can be washed with soap or with spray cleaner.
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Ergonomic Keyboard
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
Pointing Devices:o A pointing device is an input device you use to
position the pointer on the screen.o The most common pointing device for
personal computers is the mouse.– Mechanical– Optomechanical– Optical– Wireless
– Trackball mouse– Radio frequency– Foldable mouse
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
Pointing Devices (continued):
- The trackball works like a mouse turned upside down; the ball is on top of the device.
- A common feature on laptop computers is the touchpad, with a specialized surface that can convert the motion and position of your fingers to a relative position on screen.
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
Pointing Devices (continued):
-Commonly known items regarding a mouse: The left button is used for most operations.
Most mice have 3 buttons.The right button is used to display shortcut menu options.
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
Pointing Devices (continued):-Commonly known items regarding a mouse:
Sensors determine the direction and distance on a mechanical mouse.
Lasers detect an optical mouse’s movement. A wireless mouse uses infrared waves to
communicate with the computer. A mouse can be used to select text or portions of
text by dragging the mouse pointer over the text.
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
Pointing Devices (continued):
- Some notebook computers contain a pointing stick, a pressure-sensitive device that looks like a pencil eraser and is located on the keyboard, generally between the G, H, and B keys.
- Audio input is sound entered into a computer.
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***QUICK RECAP***
What is an input device?
A device that enables someone to enter data and commands into a computer.
This type of keyboard can be washed with soap or spray cleaner?
NIK (Nearly Indestructible Keyboard)
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Standard Output Devices
Monitors:
- Desktop computers typically use a monitor as their display device, including CRT, LCD, and gas plasma.
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Standard Output Devices
Monitors:- CRT (Cathode Ray Tube): older type of monitor
that is similar to older types of TVs. Obsolete now due to flat-panel monitors.
- LCD (Liquid Crystal Display): produces an image by manipulating light within a layer of liquid crystal cells.
- Gas Plasma: consists of tiny amount of gas that is activated by electrical charge.
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Standard Output Devices (continued)
Printers:- Printers produce a paper copy, or hard copy, of
processing results.- Features of printers: Speed, Print Quality, and Price
- A laser printer produces high-quality output and images similar to copy machines.
- An inkjet printer provides good-quality color printing for less expense. Sprays ink onto paper.
- A Dot-Matrix printer strikes a ribbon with pins to transfer ink onto paper and are seldom used today.
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Standard Output Devices (continued)
Printer Classifications– Impact: actually strikes the paper to form letters
and images. (Ex. Dot matrix – mostly obsolete)– Nonimpact: form characters without striking the
paper. (Ex. Inkjet and laser printers)• Speakers
- Generate sound from speaking or music.- Headsets or headphones for privacy.
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***Quick Recap***
This type of monitor produces an image by manipulating light within a layer of liquid crystal cells.
LCD
This type of printer squirts ink as it passes over a media.
Inkjet printer
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Specialized Input Devices
Digital Cameras:- The pictures you take are stored digitally and
then transferred to the computer’s memory.- Uses a variety of storage media: flash
memory cards, USB keys, memory sticks, mini-discs and other solid-state storage devices.
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Specialized Input Devices
Digital Cameras (continued):- Video input is a set of full-motion images captured
with a video camera. - Storage media for video input devices are hard
drive, CD, DVD.- Webcams are video-capturing cameras connected to
computers.- Can also display images through the World Wide
Web.
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Specialized Input Devices (continued)
Game Controllers:
- You use joysticks and wheels most often for games.
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Specialized Input Devices
Scanners/Bar Code Readers:
- Scanners are devices that can change images into codes for input to the computer.– Image scanners: convert images into electric form
that you can store in your computer’s memory.– Bar code scanners: reads bar lines that are printed
on objects.– Magnetic scanners: read encoded information on
credit cards.
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Specialized Input Devices
Scanners/Bar Code Readers (continued):– Wireless scanners: use Bluetooth technology to
scan barcode data.– Optical character recognition (OCR) and
optical mark recognition (OMR) scanners: use a light source to read characters, marks and codes; then converted back into digital format.
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Specialized Input Devices (continued)
Touch Display Screen:
- A special screen that reacts to direct touches within the display area, usually from a person’s finger or hand.
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Specialized Input Devices (continued)
Stylus:
- A stylus and digital pen are pen-like writing instruments used to enter information by writing on a screen on a mobile device or using the pen as a pointer.
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Specialized Input Devices (continued)
Environmental Probes and Sensors:
- Workers can view information such as the temperature and humidity of a remote environment, smoke detector readings, and pollution control readings.
Remote Controls:
- Used to manage devices such as televisions, lights, and fans.
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Specialized Input Devices (continued)
Security Devices:- Biometrics is an authentication technique using
automated methods of recognizing a person based on a physiological or behavioral characteristic.- Used for security purposes.- Commonly based on finger prints, face,
handwriting or voice.- Less common uses: retina/iris scan, or hand
geometry.
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Specialized Input Devices (continued)
Virtual Devices:
- Use the synchronized positioning of light-emitting and sensing devices to detect user input.
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Specialized Input Devices (continued)
Touch-Sensitive Pads:- On a portable device, enables you to scroll through a
list, adjust the volume, play music, view videos or pictures, and customize settings.
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Specialized Input Devices (continued)
Input Devices for the Physically Challenged:- A variety of special input devices are available for the
physically challenged.- Keyboards that can be operated by a single hand
or feet.- Joystick computer mouse that uses lips, chin, or
tongue.- Human Computer Interface that uses eye control
to move a pointer and make selections.
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Specialized Input Devices (continued)
Skip to slide 35.
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***QUICK RECAP***
This type of scanner reads bar lines that are printed on objects.
Barcode scanners
This technique uses methods for recognizing a person based on finger prints and voice?
biometrics
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Specialized Output Devices
Specialized Output Devices:– Projectors– Fax machines and fax modems– Multifunction printer– Control devices/robots
Specialized Printers:– Thermal– Mobile– Label and postage– Plotters/large-format
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Specialized Output Devices (continued)
Output Devices for the Physically Challenged:– Screen magnifiers– Screen readers– Voice synthesizers
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Connecting Input and Output Devices to a Computer
Ports and Connectors:- A port, also called a jack, is an interface to which a
peripheral device attaches to or communicates with the system unit or other peripheral devices.
- A Universal Serial Bus (USB) port can connect up to 127 peripheral devices with a single connector and transfer data at rates of up to 200 million bits per second (Mbps).
- Plug and play refers to the ability of a computer system to configure expansion boards and other devices automatically.
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Connecting Input and Output Devices to a Computer (continued)
Ports and Connectors (continued):
- FireWire: supports data transfers up to 400 Mbps and can connect up to 63 external devices.
- Special-purpose ports:– SCSI: standard interface for connecting peripherals such as
hard drives and printers.– IrDA: a wireless standard that allows data to be transferred
between devices using infrared light instead of cables.– Bluetooth: uses radio waves between voice and mobile
devices.
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Connecting Input and Output Devices to a Computer (continued)
Ports and Connectors (continued):- Expansion slots are openings on the motherboard
where an expansion board can be inserted.- Expansion boards are also called adapter cards,
expansion cards, add-ins, etc.
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Connecting Input and Output Devices to a Computer (continued)
Hardware Installation:- For most hardware devices to work, they
need a set of instructions that communicates with the computer’s operating system. This set of instructions is called a driver.
- If the device does not come with a driver, you must download and install the driver manually.
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***QUICK RECAP***
Name (1) type of output device for the physically challenged.
Screen magnifier, screen reader, voice synthesizer
This type of port can connect up to 127 peripheral devices with a single connector.
USB (Universal Serial Bus)
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Considering Computer Performance Factors
A variety of factors can affect a computer’s performance.– Microprocessor: The higher the generation, the
faster and better the processing speed.– Random Access Memory (RAM): Helps to speed
up the processing cycle.– Hard disk: The bigger and faster the hard drive,
the faster it can process data.– Video: Need adequate video memory.
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Computer Viruses
Can cause tremendous damage to your computer files.
A program that spreads from one computer to another and interferes with the computers’ operation.
Can be stored on a computer for weeks or months and may not cause damage.
Spread by email attachments or downloaded files. Not all viruses cause damage; could be a prank. Install anti-virus software to protect yourself.