Post on 05-Jan-2016
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Plant-like Protists
All are autotrophs Use light energy to make their own
food Includes both single-celled protists and
multi-celled protists Includes all the algae except the blue-
green algae (cyanobacteria)
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Plant-like Protists
Provide a source of food for many other organisms
Live in symbiosis with some organisms including some animal-like protists, sea anemones, corals and giant clams
Form the base of many food chains Produce about 70% of Earth’s oxygen supply
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Plant-like Protists
Many are flagellates – Phytoflagellates are plant-like flagellates.
Includes:EuglenasDiatomsDinoflagellates
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Euglenas
Euglenas have a variety of forms with three characteristics in common:A pouch that hold 2 flagellaA reddish eyespotChloroplasts
If placed in a nutrient-rich medium in the dark the chloroplasts will disintegrate and the euglenas will become heterotrophs. They will remain so even if later placed back in the light.
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Euglenas
Euglena viridisPhoto by Deuterostome
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Euglena_viridis.jpg
Euglena viridisPhoto by Proyecto Agua
https://www.flickr.com/photos/microagua/3226101077/
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4MlR3dKfXmc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Md0PtdRxXvw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7DALQ-XLJ4Q
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Diatoms
Among the most numerous of protists 10,000 living species Have a two-part glassy shell The remains of these shells make up
diatomaceous earth that is an ingredient of toothpaste and car polish
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Diatom Shells
SEMs of Diatoms (bar = 10μm)
Photos by Mary Ann Tiffany, published in
Bradbury J: Nature's Nanotechnologists: Unveiling the Secrets of Diatoms. PLoS Biol 2/10/2004: e306.
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020306
Assorted Marine DiatomsPublic Domain: NOAA http://
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Diatoms_through_the_microscope.jpg
Diatom Shells (also called frustules)
Frustules of 50 species of diatomsPhotograph by Randolph Femmer is public domain from USGS Library of Images From Life. http://www.flickr.com/photos/pali_nalu/6550459757/
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Dinoflagellates
Have two flagella and walls that look like plates of armor
One flagellum wraps around the cell causing it to spin
Some glow like fireflies
Karenia brevisPublic Domain Image from Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation
Commission http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Karenia_brevis.jpg
Live dinoflagellatesPhoto by Marc Perkinshttps://www.flickr.com/photos/occbio/5687371411/
Ceratium sp.Photo by Keisotyo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ceratium_sp_umitunoobimusi.jpg
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Dinoflagellates
Cause red tide (not always red in color) when they reproduce rapidly and become overly abundant
Produce toxins that can injure or kill living things Red Tide caused by Dinoflagellates off
coast of La Jolla, California Released into the Public Domain, August 2005. P. Alejandro Díaz and Ginny Velasquez http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:La-Jolla-Red-Tide.780.jpg
Dinoflagellates/Red Tide
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Pfiesteria shumwayae SEM micrograph, cells < 15 µm
Public Domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pfiesteria_shumwayae.jpg
Picture of Red TidePublic Domain: NOAA
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Red_tide.jpg
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Multicellular Algae
Sargassum WeedPublic Domain Ocean Explorer/NOAAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sargassum_weeds_closeup.jpg
Sea LettucePhoto by H. Krisp
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Meersalat-Ulva-lactuca.jpg
Bladderwrack or RockweedPhoto by Stemonitis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fucus_vesiculosus_Wales.jpg
Kelp ForestPhoto by Peter Southwood
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kelp_forest_at_Taranga_pinnacles_Hen_and_Chicken_Islands_PA232359.JPG
• Red, green, or brown marine algae
• Classification is still debated.
A Mutualistic Relationship
Photo by Bob Blaylock http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:20090719_062218_ParameciumBursaria.jpg
Paramecium bursaria is an animal-like ciliate that lives in a mutualistic relationship with a plant-like protist, Zoochlorella
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