1

• Which of these is the main reason that Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Romania became satellites of the Soviet Union?

• A. These areas were given to the Soviet Union by a League of Nations mandate.

• B. The people in each country voted in free elections to ally with the Soviets.

• C. The Soviet army occupied these areas at the end of World War II.

• D. Hitler surrendered control of these areas to the Soviet Union at the end of the war.

1

• Which of these is the main reason that Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Romania became satellites of the Soviet Union?

• A. These areas were given to the Soviet Union by a League of Nations mandate.

• B. The people in each country voted in free elections to ally with the Soviets.

• C. The Soviet army occupied these areas at the end of World War II.

• D. Hitler surrendered control of these areas to the Soviet Union at the end of the war.

2

• The economic recovery of Japan following World War II focused primarily on

• A. rebuilding its military and weapons capabilities.

• B. exporting raw materials in exchange for consumer goods.

• C. developing an agricultural economy and marine resources.

• D. developing industry and an export economy.

2

• The economic recovery of Japan following World War II focused primarily on

• A. rebuilding its military and weapons capabilities.

• B. exporting raw materials in exchange for consumer goods.

• C. developing an agricultural economy and marine resources.

• D. developing industry and an export economy.

3

• What was the multinational organization that was ratified at Yalta as a means to preserve peace in the world?

• A. United Nations.

• B. Warsaw Pact.

• C. NATO.

• D. League of Nations.

3

• What was the multinational organization that was ratified at Yalta as a means to preserve peace in the world?

• A. United Nations.

• B. Warsaw Pact.

• C. NATO.

• D. League of Nations.

4

• What was one outcome of World War II?• A. England and France increased their

overseas colonial possessions.• B. The communists gained control over most

of Western Europe.• C. Japan and Germany became dominant

military powers in their regions.• D. The Soviet Union emerged as an

international superpower.

4

• What was one outcome of World War II?• A. England and France increased their

overseas colonial possessions.• B. The communists gained control over most

of Western Europe.• C. Japan and Germany became dominant

military powers in their regions.• D. The Soviet Union emerged as an

international superpower.

5

• During the Cold Ear Era (1945-1990), the United States and the Soviet Union were reluctant to become involved in direct military conflict mainly because of

• A. increased tensions in the Middle East.• B. the peacekeeping role of the United

Nations.• C. pressure from nonaligned nations.• D. the potential for global nuclear destruction.

5

• During the Cold Ear Era (1945-1990), the United States and the Soviet Union were reluctant to become involved in direct military conflict mainly because of

• A. increased tensions in the Middle East.• B. the peacekeeping role of the United

Nations.• C. pressure from nonaligned nations.• D. the potential for global nuclear destruction.

6

• Winston Churchill spoke of an “iron curtain” dividing Europe after World War II. To what was he referring?

• A. The division of Europe in to north and south blocs.

• B. The struggle for control of Europe’s iron resources.

• C. The re-unification of Germany.• D. The division of Europe into Eastern and

Western blocs.

6

• Winston Churchill spoke of an “iron curtain” dividing Europe after World War II. To what was he referring?

• A. The division of Europe in to north and south blocs.

• B. The struggle for control of Europe’s iron resources.

• C. The re-unification of Germany.• D. The division of Europe into Eastern and

Western blocs.

7

• Which of the following was a primary cause of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union?

• A. A competition for political influence over the other countries.

• B. Direct, armed conflict between the two nations.

• C. A deep reduction in military expenditures.• D. The founding of the United Nations.

7

• Which of the following was a primary cause of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union?

• A. A competition for political influence over the other countries.

• B. Direct, armed conflict between the two nations.

• C. A deep reduction in military expenditures.• D. The founding of the United Nations.

8

• The term "cold war," referring to the period following World War II, primarily signifies the

• A. political, economic, and military rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union.

• B. efforts to rebuild the economies of war damaged countries in Europe.

• C. struggle to overcome disease and poverty throughout the world.

• D. attempts by Third World nations to develop their military strength.

8

• The term "cold war," referring to the period following World War II, primarily signifies the

• A. political, economic, and military rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union.

• B. efforts to rebuild the economies of war damaged countries in Europe.

• C. struggle to overcome disease and poverty throughout the world.

• D. attempts by Third World nations to develop their military strength.

9

• What crisis brought the Soviet Union and the United States to the brink of nuclear war in 1962?

• A. An attempt by leaders in communist Hungary to withdraw from the Warsaw Pact.

• B. The creation of East Germany as a separate Soviet military occupation zone.

• C. An invasion of South Korea by armed communist forces from North Korea.

• D. The installation in Cuba of Soviet offensive intermediate-range missiles.

9

• What crisis brought the Soviet Union and the United States to the brink of nuclear war in 1962?

• A. An attempt by leaders in communist Hungary to withdraw from the Warsaw Pact.

• B. The creation of East Germany as a separate Soviet military occupation zone.

• C. An invasion of South Korea by armed communist forces from North Korea.

• D. The installation in Cuba of Soviet offensive intermediate-range missiles.

10

• The United States and the Soviet Union came to the brink of nuclear war in 1962 over Soviet missile bases in

• A. Brazil.• B. Colombia.• C. Cuba.• D. Haiti.•

10

• The United States and the Soviet Union came to the brink of nuclear war in 1962 over Soviet missile bases in

• A. Brazil.• B. Colombia.• C. Cuba.• D. Haiti.•

11

• What was the American program that gave 12.5 Billion Dollars of economic aid to the war torn countries of Europe?

• A. COMECON.

• B. Marshall Plan.

• C. SEATO.

• D. NATO.

11

• What was the American program that gave 12.5 Billion Dollars of economic aid to the war torn countries of Europe?

• A. COMECON.

• B. Marshall Plan.

• C. SEATO.

• D. NATO.

12

• The main reason the United Nations sent troops to Korea in 1950 was to

• A. ensure that food reached areas of the Korean Peninsula affected by famine.

• B. prevent North Korean communists from conquering the people of South Korea.

• C. restore peace between warring factions of Buddhism and Shinto.

• D. force the inspection of nuclear weapons plants in North Korea.

12

• The main reason the United Nations sent troops to Korea in 1950 was to

• A. ensure that food reached areas of the Korean Peninsula affected by famine.

• B. prevent North Korean communists from conquering the people of South Korea.

• C. restore peace between warring factions of Buddhism and Shinto.

• D. force the inspection of nuclear weapons plants in North Korea.

13

• When the United States sent military aid to African governments to help them resist communism, it was continuing a foreign policy first asserted in the

• A Marshall Plan.• B. Potsdam Agreement.• C. Truman Doctrine.• D. Teheran Conference

13

• When the United States sent military aid to African governments to help them resist communism, it was continuing a foreign policy first asserted in the

• A Marshall Plan.• B. Potsdam Agreement.• C. Truman Doctrine.• D. Teheran Conference

14

• In the Chinese Civil War (1945-1949), support for Mao Zedong's Communist forces came primarily from the

• A. confucian scholars.

• B. landowners.

• C. peasants.

• D. industrialists.

14

• In the Chinese Civil War (1945-1949), support for Mao Zedong's Communist forces came primarily from the

• A. confucian scholars.

• B. landowners.

• C. peasants.

• D. industrialists.

15

• The Cultural Revolution in China was Mao Zedong's attempt to

• A. encourage foreign investment in China.• B. promote artistic exchanges with the

United States.• C. increase the industrial output of China.• D. renew the ideas and enthusiasm of the

Communist revolution.

15

• The Cultural Revolution in China was Mao Zedong's attempt to

• A. encourage foreign investment in China.• B. promote artistic exchanges with the

United States.• C. increase the industrial output of China.• D. renew the ideas and enthusiasm of the

Communist revolution.

16

• A major reason for the success of the Communist revolution in China was that the Communists

• A. fought successfully against the United States during World War II.

• B. included important businessmen in their ranks

• C. promised land and power to the peasant class.

• D. stressed Buddhism in their military training.

16

• A major reason for the success of the Communist revolution in China was that the Communists

• A. fought successfully against the United States during World War II.

• B. included important businessmen in their ranks

• C. promised land and power to the peasant class.

• D. stressed Buddhism in their military training.

17

• The revolt in Hungary (1956), the demonstrations in Czechoslovakia (1968), and the formation of Solidarity in Poland (1980's) are similar in that they

• A. represented attempts to rid these countries of Western ideas and influence.

• B. represented a challenge to Communist leadership.

• C. were movements to restore the power of the aristocracy.

• D. were tolerated by the Communist leaders, who accepted the need for change.

17

• The revolt in Hungary (1956), the demonstrations in Czechoslovakia (1968), and the formation of Solidarity in Poland (1980's) are similar in that they

• A. represented attempts to rid these countries of Western ideas and influence.

• B. represented a challenge to Communist leadership.

• C. were movements to restore the power of the aristocracy.

• D. were tolerated by the Communist leaders, who accepted the need for change.

18

• What was a major cause of tension in Europe during the decade following World War II?

• A. Return of United States military forces to Pre-World War II levels.

• B. Formation of Soviet-dominated Communist governments in many Eastern European nations.

• C. Cutbacks in fuel supplies by oil-producing nations.

• D. Failure of the non-Communist countries to support the United Nations.

18

• What was a major cause of tension in Europe during the decade following World War II?

• A. Return of United States military forces to Pre-World War II levels.

• B. Formation of Soviet-dominated Communist governments in many Eastern European nations.

• C. Cutbacks in fuel supplies by oil-producing nations.

• D. Failure of the non-Communist countries to support the United Nations.

19

• The goal of the Soviet policy known as de-stalinization was to

• A. criticize Stalin's abuses of power.• B. try to change the world's impression

of Stalin.• C. deny that Stalin had done what he

was believed to have done.• D. release satellite nations from political

controls imposed by Stalin.

19

• The goal of the Soviet policy known as de-stalinization was to

• A. criticize Stalin's abuses of power.• B. try to change the world's impression

of Stalin.• C. deny that Stalin had done what he

was believed to have done.• D. release satellite nations from political

controls imposed by Stalin.

20

• The Soviet Union dealt with uprisings in Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia during the 1950s and 1960s by

• A. taking over direct rule of these countries.• B. crushing the uprisings with military force.• C. permitting greater democratic reforms in

government.• D. privatizing industrial enterprises

20

• The Soviet Union dealt with uprisings in Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia during the 1950s and 1960s by

• A. taking over direct rule of these countries.• B. crushing the uprisings with military force.• C. permitting greater democratic reforms in

government.• D. privatizing industrial enterprises

21

The Arab oil embargo against the United States in 1973 was initiated because of U.S. support for

• A. Egypt in the Suez Crisis.

• B. Iraq in its conflict with Iran.

• C. Israel in the Yom Kippur War.

• D. Greece in its conflict with Turkey.

21

The Arab oil embargo against the United States in 1973 was initiated because of U.S. support for

• A. Egypt in the Suez Crisis.

• B. Iraq in its conflict with Iran.

• C. Israel in the Yom Kippur War.

• D. Greece in its conflict with Turkey.

22

• Despite peace efforts in the Arab-Israeli conflict, why has there been a continuing struggle in the occupied territories?

• A. Israel refused to give up the territories until Arab nations recognized Israel’s right to exist.

• B. Palestinian Arabs refused to give up their homes to Israeli refugees.

• C. Yasir Arafat returned the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt.

• D. The Golan Heights was not recognized by leaders of the PLO.

22

• Despite peace efforts in the Arab-Israeli conflict, why has there been a continuing struggle in the occupied territories?

• A. Israel refused to give up the territories until Arab nations recognized Israel’s right to exist.

• B. Palestinian Arabs refused to give up their homes to Israeli refugees.

• C. Yasir Arafat returned the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt.

• D. The Golan Heights was not recognized by leaders of the PLO.

23

• The nations of the world were concerned over the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq in 1990 mainly because the

• A. invasion strengthened the military position of Israel.

• B. invasion increased Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union.

• C. region has important resources and is strategically located.

• D. region was under the control of United Nations peacekeeping forces.

23

• The nations of the world were concerned over the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq in 1990 mainly because the

• A. invasion strengthened the military position of Israel.

• B. invasion increased Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union.

• C. region has important resources and is strategically located.

• D. region was under the control of United Nations peacekeeping forces.

24

• A major cause of the Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979 was the concern by Islamic leaders that

• A. religious leaders were becoming too powerful.

• B. Israel had lost its influence in the Middle East.

• C. women were being denied political rights.• D. traditional values were being undermined

by Western ideas.

24

• A major cause of the Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979 was the concern by Islamic leaders that

• A. religious leaders were becoming too powerful.

• B. Israel had lost its influence in the Middle East.

• C. women were being denied political rights.• D. traditional values were being undermined

by Western ideas.

25

• The destruction of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of Germany in 1990 are events that symbolize the

• A. increased influence of the Warsaw Pact.

• B. fall of Nazi power in Germany.

• C. end of the Cold War Era.

• D. end of democracy in Germany.

25

• The destruction of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of Germany in 1990 are events that symbolize the

• A. increased influence of the Warsaw Pact.

• B. fall of Nazi power in Germany.

• C. end of the Cold War Era.

• D. end of democracy in Germany.

26

• The reforms that led to democratization of the Soviet Union were begun by

• A. Joseph Stalin.

• B. Victor Grishin.

• C. Leonid Brezhnev.

• D. Mikhail Gorbachev.

26

• The reforms that led to democratization of the Soviet Union were begun by

• A. Joseph Stalin.

• B. Victor Grishin.

• C. Leonid Brezhnev.

• D. Mikhail Gorbachev.

27

• In the former Soviet Union, Lenin's New Economic Policy (NEP) and Gorbachev's policy of perestroika were similar in that each

• A. included some practices of capitalism.• B. linked economic growth to military

strength.• C. established a series of Five-Year Plans for

economic growth.• D. rejected central government involvement

in the economy.

27

• In the former Soviet Union, Lenin's New Economic Policy (NEP) and Gorbachev's policy of perestroika were similar in that each

• A. included some practices of capitalism.• B. linked economic growth to military

strength.• C. established a series of Five-Year Plans for

economic growth.• D. rejected central government involvement

in the economy.

28

• NATO was created in order to• A. develop goodwill between Eastern

and Western Europe.• B. encourage diplomatic solutions to

regional problems in North Africa.• C. facilitate regional economic

development in North America.• D. create a unified military defense

between the U.S. and Western Europe.

28

• NATO was created in order to• A. develop goodwill between Eastern

and Western Europe.• B. encourage diplomatic solutions to

regional problems in North Africa.• C. facilitate regional economic

development in North America.• D. create a unified military defense

between the U.S. and Western Europe.

29

• The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the U.S. response to the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Korean War are examples of

• A. the failure of capitalism and free market economies.

• B. United Nations interference in the internal affairs of member nations.

• C. United States efforts to gain foreign territory.

• D. attempts to prevent the spread of communist power.

29

• The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the U.S. response to the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Korean War are examples of

• A. the failure of capitalism and free market economies.

• B. United Nations interference in the internal affairs of member nations.

• C. United States efforts to gain foreign territory.

• D. attempts to prevent the spread of communist power.