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Climate Change and the Construction Industry...Scotland’s Challenge
Gerry Brannigan
Introduction & Agenda
• Who are AECOM?
• Sustainability & the World
• The Future Climate in Scotland
• How will we Meet the Challenge
• Case Studies
• Scotland’s 2020 Group
• Interactive Session
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45,000
>100
4,500/60
Buildings – Water – Programme Management Environment – Energy
Planning, Design Development - Transportation
#1
352/F500
AECOM in Scotland
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AberdeenEdinburghGlasgow
280
Offices in Scotland
AECOM Staff
Building ServicesCivil & Structural
ICTCDM-C
Fire EngineeringFacilities Engineering
BREEAMCarbon Trust
Advanced DesignWater
GeotechnicalAcousticsDrainage
Flood RiskWind Power
Hydro PowerWaste to Energy
Solar EnergyLandscape Architecture
Transport PlanningTransport InfrastructureDevelopment Planning
Rail Engineering
Su
stain
ability
Sustainability is not just about Energy & Carbon
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Sustainability
Energy
Waste
Water
EcologySocial, Health & Wellbeing
Transportation
Materials
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Thought Leaders
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Definition
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Sustainability is the “capacity to endure.”
“sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs.” Brundtland Commission of the United Nations
“In 2050, around 9 billion people live well, and within the limits of the planet.”
Vision 2050 - The New Agenda for business World Business Council for Sustainable Development WBCSD
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Meeting the Dual Goals of Sustainability – High Human Development and Low Ecological Impact
Growth, Inertia & Degradation
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POPULATION ENERGY DEMAND
TEMPERATURE
WATER FOOD ECO-SYSTEMS
Business as Usual?
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WBCSD – Vision 2050 Figure 3.12
1.1 Earths (Vision 2050)
Climate Projections in Scotland
Temperature (2050)• 1-1.5oC Average Increase• 1.5-2oC Seasonal• 4oC Rise in Hottest Days
Rain (2020)• 10% Dryer on Average• 10% Wetter in West• 10-20% Dryer in Central &
Borders
Snow (2080)• 40-60% Less over Cairngorms• 80% Less East Coast
Rainfall Events (2080)
• 100% More Intensive In West
• 150% More Intensive in SW
Wind Speeds (2080)
• increase by 2-6%
Sea Levels (2080)
• Rise between 15-28mm by 2080
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Increased Variations
Increased Cooling
Water becomes a
commodity
Water becomes a
commodity
Flash Flooding &
Sewer Sizes
Increased Gales –
Structural implications?
Tidal Surges & Waves
Sea-wall defenses?
Important Figures to Know
• 40% of Energy Used Globally is by Buildings
• 50% if Construction Industry included
• 60% of Global CO2 reductions until 2030 can be by Energy Efficiency (International Energy Agency (IEA))
• Local Carbon Economy– Build Competencies & Scale
• Global Technology Market £3.2Trillion
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Key Drivers
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Key Statements and Programme
• 42% Reduction by 2020
• 80% Reduction by 2050
• “Reduce greenhouse gas emissions year on year, every year from 2010 to 2050” (1.11 CCDP)
• “Reduce energy use through both decreasing demand and increasing efficiency with which energy is used” (1.13 CCDP)
• Major Scottish Targets (CCDP 2.3):– A largely de-carbonised electricity generation sector by 2030– A largely de-carbonised heat sector by 2050 with significant
progress by 2030
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Where do We need to be?
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1990 Base Year
1995
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
Scottish greenhouse gas emissions, showing the effect of incorporating net effect of trading in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS): 1990 base year, 1995, 1998 - 2007
Emissions (excluding international aviation and shipping)
Emissions (including international aviation and shipping)
Emissions (including international aviation and shipping) after adjusting for trading in the EU ETS
Target Emissions
Millio
n t
on
nes o
f carb
on
dio
xid
e e
qu
ivale
nt
Note: figures include removals from land use, land use change and forestry.
19.9% 80%42% 1990 Levels
www.scotland.gov.uk/stats extrapolated by AECOM to meet targets
How do we get to this point?
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2020 Business Climate Change Delivery Group
Building Standards 2010: Building Insulation Envelope
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Element2010 New
Build2010 Shell
2010 Conversion
2010 Extension
Wall 0.27 0.23 0.3 0.25
Floor 0.22 0.2 0.25 0.20
Roof 0.2 0.15 0.25 0.15
Windows/Doors etc
2.0 1.6 1.6 1.6
Refer to Notes in Scottish Non-Domestic Building Standards; U-Values shown are area weighted average in W/m 2K
Element 2007 2007 Shell2007
Conversion2007
Extension
Wall 0.3 0.25 0.7 0.27
Floor 0.25 0.22 0.7 0.22
Roof 0.25 0.16 0.35 0.16/2.0
Windows/Doors etc
2.2 1.8 1.8 1.6
Building Standards 2010: Limiting Infiltration
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Warrant Type 2007 2010Testing at
Shell Completion
Testing at Fit-Out
Completion
Shell OnlyIf Accredited Construction
Details = 10m3/m2.h
If Not = 15m3/m2.hIf below 10
testing required to prove
7m3/m2.h Yes Yes
Shell + Fit-Out10m3/m2.h
recommendedNo Yes
Building Standards 2010: Other Key Changes in Section 6 - Energy• Minimum Services Efficiencies updated
• Biomass & Heat Pumps information added
• Solar Water Controls & Info Added
• Lighting efficiencies and requirements updated
• Minimum Comfort Cooling Efficiencies improved greatly– E.g Packaged air conditioners improved between 14-34%
• Maximum Specific Fan Power improved dramatically – E.g Central Mechanical ventilation improves by 28%– Maximum system pressure drops now stated
• Detail on requirements for Sub-metering added
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Decarbonisation of Electricity & Heat
• Focus on Reduction of Emissions from Building– Building Regulations (Year on Year improvements with Zero Carbon
Domestic 2016/2017 and Non-domestic 2019)
• Focus on Renewable Electricity– Wind– Biomass– Solar– Hydro– Wave/Tidal Power– Biomass CHP
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Installation of Ground Source Boreholes
Prefabricated Biomass Boiler
Plant
Installation of Roof Integrated Solar PV Panels
Decarbonisation of Electricity & Heat
• Develop a “Commercially Viable” Heat Industry– Replace remaining natural gas networks with biogas and local heat
networks(2050)– 11% Renewable Heat by 2020– Off-grid properties utilising low carbon heat (2030)
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DECC: Designing the RHI Presentation Feb 2010
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Case Studies
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DEFRA Alnwick, Lion House£4.2m new build
BREEAM OutstandingNet Zero Carbon
A+ EPCCIBSE Low Carbon Project of the Year
Energy Strategy..How We Got There?
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LZC Technologies Incorporated
• Natural Ventilation with Mixed Mode & Heat Recovery
• Thermal Mass
• Enhanced Insulation Levels
• Advanced Low Energy Lighting
• 120m2 Integrated Photovoltaic's
• 3 No 15kW Wind Turbines
• Biomass
• Solar Thermal Hot Water
• Rainwater Harvesting
• Sustainable Materials
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Bickershaw Zero Carbon Development
• Mix of Retail, Commercial & Dwellings
• 200-700 dwellings
• CSH Level 4& 6
• Zero Carbon
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Option 2: Zero carbon energy from wind turbine(s) (Bickershaw South) – supplying electric heating, electric hot water and electric cooling. Solar thermal hot water provides
zero carbon hot water to reduce output requirements of turbine(s).
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Option 4: Low carbon electricity and heat from a biomass CHP system (heat supplied by district heating system). Zero carbon electricity generation supplemented by grid supplied
electricity.
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• Ian Marchant, Chief Executive, Scottish and Southern Energy
• Richard Ackroyd, Chief Executive, Scottish Water
• Prof Jan Bebbington, Vice Chair, Sustainable Development Commission, Scotland
• Jo Bucci, Chief Executive, People’s Postcode Lottery
• Brendan Dick, Director, BT Scotland
• Dr Campbell Gemmell, Chief Executive, Scottish Environment Protection Agency
• Gordon Grant, Grangemouth Works General Manager, INEOS
• Nick Horler, Chief Executive, Scottish Power
• Graham Hutcheon, Operations Director, Edrington Group
• Professor Bob Kalin, Research Chair in Sustainable Built Environment
• Josh Kane, Scottish Youth Parliament
• David Lee, freelance writer and media consultant
• John Mason, Director, Climate Change & Water Industry, Scottish Government
• Ian McKay, Scottish Director, Royal Mail Group
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• Lady Susan Rice, Managing Director, Lloyds Banking Group Scotland
• Mike Robinson, Chairperson, Stop Climate Chaos Scotland
• Nicola Shaw, Managing Director, FirstGroup
• Grahame Smith, General Secretary, STUC
• Brian Souter, Chief Executive, Stagecoach
• Michael Tracey, Managing Director, William Tracey Ltd
• James Withers, Chief Executive, NFU Scotland
• Ronnie Hinds, Chief Executive Fyfe Council
• Jane Wood, Chief Executive, Scottish Business in the Community
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• Remit: To advise on, and aim to make early progress towards, achievement of the outcomes and targets of the Climate Change Delivery Plan.
• To identify relevant action and opportunities, and collaborate, to bring benefits to the Scottish economy .
• To identify where the Group can best target its resources and expertise to accelerate the development, investment and action required across the following areas: Heat, Electricity, Waste, Transport, Rural Land Use and Forestry, Consumer Behaviour and Attitudes
• To provide strong and visible leadership to Scotland’s business and non-governmental communities to inspire them to do more to reduce carbon emissions.
• To help drive innovation through partnerships and synergies between members
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• It was agreed that the best way to maximise efforts is to split up specific tasks to the following six sub-groups.– Public and Business Engagement– Transport - AECOM– Finance and funding – Land use and Forestry– Built Environment - AECOM– Opportunities and Challenges
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•2020 Action Plan
• Contains a range of actions and measures that will be progressed by the sub-groups
• The AP will be updated frequently and will be available on the website that is under development www.2020climategroup,org,uk
Summary
• Business as Usual is not an Option!
• Tough Targets have been Set
• Opportunities Everywhere
• Rethink of Project Financing & Funding
• Getting the Right Team Early
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Brief/Concept Design/Detail Construction Operation
Time
Time
Client
Architect C&S
MEP BREEAM
QS
Contractor’sTeam
Questions ?