LEARNING FROM GLOBAL DISASTER LABORATORIES

APRIL 16, 2016 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES ECUADOR

A M7.8, 20-KM-DEEP EARTHQUAKE LOCATED OFFSHORE ECUADOR STRUCK ON SATURDAY MIGHT,

KILLING AT LEAST 77, WJTH MORE DEATHS EXPECTED

ECUADOR IN ON THE PACIFIC RING OF FIRE

• CIRCUM-PACIFIC NATIONS ARE PRONE TO EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMIS

TECTONIC DEFORMATION

EARTHQUAKE

TSUNAMI

GROUNDSHAKING

FAULT RUPTURE

FOUNDATION FAILURE

SITE AMPLIFICATION

LIQUEFACTION

LANDSLIDES

AFTERSHOCKS

SEICHE

DAMAGE/LOSSDAMAGE/LOSS

DAMAGE/ LOSSDAMAGE/ LOSS

DAMAGE/ LOSSDAMAGE/ LOSS

DAMAGE/ LOSSDAMAGE/ LOSS

DAMAGE/ LOSSDAMAGE/ LOSS

DAMAGE/ LOSSDAMAGE/ LOSS

DAMAGE/ LOSSDAMAGE/ LOSS

DAMAGE/ LOSSDAMAGE/ LOSS

DAMAGE/ LOSSDAMAGE/ LOSS

DAMAGE/LOSSDAMAGE/LOSS

INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING

EARTHQUAKES

SOIL AMPLIFICATION

PERMANENT DISPLACEMENT (SURFACE FAULTING & GROUND

FAILURE)

IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN

FIRE FOLLOWING RUPTURE OF UTILITIES

LACK OF DETAILING AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

INATTENTION TO NON-STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

CAUSES OF DAMAGE

GLOBAL “DISASTER

LABORATORIES”

The two most devastated areas were Pedernales, a

popular tourist destination with beaches lined with palm-trees and tropical thatch-hut

restaurants, and nearby Cojimies.

"There are villages that are totally devastated," Pedernales' mayor, Gabriel Alcivar, said in a radio interview. "What happened

here in Pedernales is catastrophic."

The 7.8 magnitude earthquake was felt hundreds of miles (km) away in the capital of Quito as well as in the large commercial city of Guayaquil, where rubble

filled the streets and some buildings were cracked or

partially collapsed.

- - - TO BE CONTINUED AS FACTUAL DETAILS BECOME

AVAILABLE- - -

YOUR YOUR

COMMUNITYCOMMUNITYDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION

HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

•MONITORING•HAZARD MAPS•INVENTORY•VULNERABILITY•LOCATION

RISK

ACCEPTABLE RISK

UNACCEPTABLE RISK

BOOKS OF KNOWLEDGE BOOKS OF KNOWLEDGE

•PREPAREDNESS•PROTECTION•EM RESPONSE•RECOSTRUCTION AND RECOVERY

EARTHQUAKE DISASTER EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE

PILLARS OF EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE

PreparednessProtection: Adoption and Implementation of a Modern Earthquake Engineering Building Code

and Lifeline Standards Prevention: Land Use Planning and Base

Isolation

PILLARS OF EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE (continued)

MonitoringRealistic Earthquake Disaster Scenarios

Timely Emergency Response (including search and Rescue and Emergency Medical Services)Cost-Effective Recovery and Reconstruction

THE CHALLENGE:

CHANGING EXISTING POLICIES: CREATE, ADJUST, AND REALIGN PROGRAMS,

PARTNERS AND PEOPLE UNTIL YOU HAVE CREATED THE KINDS OF TURNING POINTS NEEDED FOR MOVING TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE

AN UNDER-UTILIZED GLOBAL STRATEGY

To Create Turning Points for Earthquake Disaster Resilience

USING EDUCATIONAL SURGES CONTAINING THE PAST AND PRESENT LESSONS TO FOSTER

AND ACCELERATE POLICY CHANGES

MOVING TOWARDS THE MUST-HAPPEN GLOBAL STRATEGY

To Achieve Earthquake Disaster Resilience

INTEGRATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS WITH POLITICAL

SOLUTIONS IN EVERY NATION FOR REALISTIC POLICIES ON PREPAREDNESS,

PROTECTION, DISASTER SCENARIOS, EMERGENCY RESPONSE,

RECONSTRUCTION, AND RECOVERY