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Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
英文标题 :40-47pt
副标题 :26-30pt
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中文标题 :35-47pt
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GSM MS Behaviors in Idle Mode
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Foreword Once the MS is power on and there is a live network exist, the MS
will be in either idle mode or dedicated mode.
In idle mode, the MS has no dedicated connection with network, but it is still controlled by the many parameters and functions in the system.
The MS behaviors in idle mode include: System information reception
Cell selection and reselection
Location update
Paging processing
Access processing.
There are also some other parameters to be introduced which is related with the future processing of network access.
Page2
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Describe the working principles of the MS Behaviors in
Idle Mode feature
Perform parameters modification of the MS Behaviors
in Idle Mode feature
Get to know other parameters which related with the
future processing after network access.
Page3
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents
1. System Information Reception
2. Cell Selection
3. Cell Reselection
4. Location Update
5. Paging Processing
6. Access Processing
7. Other parameters
Page4
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
System Information Reception
By reading system information, MS can access the network, perform cell selection and reselection, fully utilize various services provided by the network, and achieve favorable cooperation with the network.
System information (SYS INFO) contains network parameters sent to MS through Um interface
network identity parameters
cell selection parameters
system control parameters
network function parameters
System information can be sent through two kinds of logical channels
System information on BCCH
System information on SACCH
Page5
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
SYS INFO 1
SYS INFO 1
It contains random access control information (RACH)
and cell frequency allocation table (i.e. CA table). It is
transmitted on BCCH.
Content
SYS INFO 1
Cell Channel Description
(cell channel description format)
RACH Control Parameter
(random access channel control parameter)
Page6
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
SYS INFO 2
SYS INFO 2
It contains access control information (RACH), network color code
permitted (NCC Permitted), and neighbor cell frequency allocation list
(BA1 list). It is transmitted on BCCH. Generally speaking, SYS INFO 2,
2BIS, 2TER contains different parts of the neighbor cell’s BCCH
frequencies. Via reading and decoding BA1 list, MS can perform cell
reselection in idle mode. For a MS of GSM900 PHASE I, it only reads
the neighbor cell BCCH frequencies defined in SYS INFO 2, and
ignores those carried by 2BIS and 2TER.
Content
SYS INFO 2
Neighbor Cell BCCH Frequency Description
NCC Permitted
RACH Control Parameter
Page7
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
SYS INFO 2BIS
SYS INFO 2BIS
2BIS contains RACH control data and neighbor cell’s BCCH
frequencies (part of BA1 list). It is optional and transmitted on
BCCH. As the number of frequencies in BA1 list carried by SYS
INFO 2 is limited, SYS INFO 2BIS carries the rest of the BCCH
frequencies in the BA1 list that are from the same band as in
SYS INFO 2.
Content
SYS INFO 2BIS
Neighbor Cell Description.
RACH Control Parameter (Same as those in SYS INFO 1)
Page8
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
SYS INFO 2TER
SYS INFO 2TER
2TER contains neighbor BCCH frequencies (part of BA1 list). It
is transmitted on BCCH. Only dual band MS can read this
information, and single band 900 or 1800 MS will ignore it.
Since this information carries BCCH frequencies that belong
to different band other than those in SYS INFO 2, it is
unnecessary for single band MS to read.
Content
SYS INFO 2TER
Neighbor Cell Description (extended)
Page9
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
SYS INFO 3
SYS INFO 3 It contains LAI, cell identity, RACH control parameters and
cell selection related parameters. It is transmitted on BCCH. It is one of the most important information.
Content SYS INFO 3
Cell Identity
LAI (location area identity)
Control Channel Description
Cell Option
Cell Selection Parameter
RACH Control Parameter
Page10
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SYS INFO 4 SYS INFO 4
It consists LAI, RACH control parameters, cell selection parameters and
optional CBCH channel information. It is transmitted on BCCH. When
the cell supports cell broadcast function, CBCH together with CBCH MA
describe the configuration of CBCH the relevant frequency information.
Content
SYS INFO 4
LAI
Cell Selection Parameter
RACH Control Parameter
CBCH Channel Description (optional)
CBCH Mobile Allocation (optional)
SI4 Rest Octets (parameters related to cell reselection)
Page11
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SYS INFO 5
SYS INFO 5 It describes the neighbor cell BCCH frequencies(BA2 list). It is
mandatory and is transmitted on SACCH. Different from SYS INFO 2, MS can read the frequency described in SYS INFO 5 in dedicated mode, report the relevant information of neighbor cells in measurement reports, and use it as the basis for handover. Similarly, for 900 MS of PHASE 1, it only recognizes the neighbor cell frequencies described by SYS INFO 5, and ignores those carried by SYS INFO 5BIS and 5TER.
Content SYS INFO 5
Neighbor Cell Description
Page12
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SYS INFO 5BIS
SYS INFO 5BIS
5BIS describes neighbor cells’ BCCH frequencies.These
frequencies are part of BA2 list. It is optional and is
transmitted on SACCH. Generally, as the number of
frequencies which can be described by SYS INFO 5 is limited,
SYS INFO 5BIS carries the rest BCCH frequencies in the BA2
which belong to the same band as SYS INFO 5.
Content
SYS INFO 5BIS
Neighbor Cell Description
Page13
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SYS INFO 5TER
SYS INFO 5TER
5TER describes neighbor cells’ BCCH frequencies, these
frequencies are also a part of the BA2 list. It is transmitted on
SACCH. Similarly, only dual band MS can read this
information, and single band GSM900 or GSM1800 MS will
ignore it. It carries the BCCH frequencies of neighbor cells
whose band are different from the serving cell’s.
Content
SYS INFO 5TER
Neighbor Cell Description (Extended)
Page14
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
SYS INFO 6
SYS INFO 6
It describes LAI, cell identity, and some parameters
describing the cell’s functions. It is transmitted on SACCH. It
is also one of the most important system information.
Content
SYS INFO 6
Cell Identity
LAI
Cell Option
NCC Permitted
Page15
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents
1. System Information Reception
2. Cell Selection
3. Cell Reselection
4. Location Update
5. Paging Processing
6. Access Processing
7. Other parameters
Page16
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Cell Selection/Reselection Parameters RXLEV-ACCESS-MIN
MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH
CBQ (Cell_Bar_Qualify)
CBA (Cell_Bar_Access)
CRO (Cell Reselection Offset)
TO (Temporary Offset)
PT (Penalty Time)
PI (Cell Reselect Parameters Indication)
CRH ( Cell Reselection Hysteresis)
Page17
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Cell Selection Process
There are two kinds of cell selection
Stored list cell selection
Normal cell selection
In fact, the process might be different for different
MSs
Page18
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Stored List Cell Selection
Page19
Come into idle mode
Is it a BCCH carrier?
Right PLMN&C1>0& priority is not prohibited ?
Try the frequencies in the BA list of the stored frequency one by one
YES
Search BCCH frequency which has
been stored
Decode SCH, read cell para. on BCCH
YES
Try all the frequencies stored?
No
No
Normal Cell Selection
No
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Normal Cell Selection
Page20
Search all frequency
Rank according to receiving level
Come into idle mode
Is it a BCCH carrier?
Right PLMN&C1>0& priority is Normal ?
Select the next frequency with the higher Rx_level
YES No
YES
Try the cell of other PLMN allowed in the SIM card
Stay in a cell(RX-LEV is strongest, C1>0 , cell priority is not prohibited) without
considering the PLMN
All frequency not satisfy
No
YES
Emergency call mode
Select the frequency with the highest Rx_level
Decode SCH, read cell para. on BCCH
No
All frequency not satisfy
No
No YES
Right PLMN&C1>0& priority is Low ?
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
PLMN Selection Parameter
CGI=MCC+MNC+LAC+CI
Once MS receives SYS INFO, it decodes the CGI
information, and decides whether it can stay in the cell
according to the MCC and MNC indicated by CGI.
At the same time, it judges whether the current location
area is changed, so as to decide whether to execute
location update. During the location update process, MS
will report the new LAI to the network, so that the network
can know the LA in which MS is currently located.
Page21
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Cell Selection ParameterC1 indicates the path loss criterion of cell selection.
C1 of the serving cell must be greater than 0. It is calculated as follows:
C1 = RXLEV - RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN - MAX((MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH - P), 0)
In the case of a DCS1800 class 3 MS, C1 is calculated as follows:
C1 = RXLEV - RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN - MAX((MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH +
POWER_OFFSET - P), 0)
Page22
• RXLEV indicates the average receive level of the MS• RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN indicates the minimum receive level required for the MS to access the network.• MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH indicates the maximum transmit power allowed for the MS to access the network. • POWER_OFFSET indicates PWRDIV of the MS.• P indicates the maximum output power of the MS.
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN
Parameter ID: RXMIN
Value Range: 0~63 (-110 dBm ~ -47 dBm)
Default Value: 8
Description: Minimum received signal level of the
MS. This parameter specifies the minimum receive
level of an MS to access the BSS. For details. see
GSM Rec. 05.08.
Page23
MML: SET GCELLBASICPARA
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH
Parameter ID: FMSMAXOPCC
Value Range: 0~19
Unit: level
Default Value: 5 (900MHz cell),0 (1800/1900MHz cell)
Description: This parameter determines the maximum
transmit power level of the MS when it begins to access
a cell and has not yet received power control command.
Page24
MML: SET GCELLCCCH
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
CBA (Cell Bar Access)
Parameter ID: CBA
Value Range: No, Yes
Default Value: No
Description: Cell_Bar_Access, worked together with CBQ
to set the priority status of the cell in idle mode for cell
selection and reselection.
Page26
MML: SET GCELLIDLEBASIC
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CBQ (Cell Bar Qualify)
Parameter ID: CBQ
Value Range: No, Yes
Default Value: No
Description: Cell_Bar_Qualify. CBQ only affects the cell
selection, but is not related to cell reselection. It works
with CBA to define the access priorities of cells.
Page27
MML: SET GCELLIDLEBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Application of CBA and CBQ
Page28
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Application of CBA and CBQ
Page29
The traffic of cell A and B is heavy. Set these two cells with CBA=“Yes”, CBQ=“No”.
A B
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Application of CBA and CBQ
Page30
B is a micro cell. Set B to “Normal” and A to “Low”.
BA
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Contents
1. System Information Reception
2. Cell Selection
3. Cell Reselection
4. Location Update
5. Paging Processing
6. Access Processing
7. Other parameters
Page31
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Cell Reselection
Under certain condition, MS will select a neighbor
cell as its new serving cell, this procedure is called
cell reselection.
The possible neighbor cells’ information in idle mode
are held in BA1 table, which will be broadcasted to MS
via BCCH.
Those for dedicated mode ones are held in BA2 table,
which will be broadcasted to MS via SACCH.
Page32
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Normal Neighbor Cells
Page33
Theoretical Neighbor Cells Actual Neighbor Cells
B
CA
D
B
CA
D
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Special Neighbor Cells
Page34
B
C
A
A
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Forced Cell Reselection
Forced cell reselection will be triggered under the follow conditions:
Current serving cell is prohibited
Down link of serving cell fails: DSC=0
C1 is less than 0 continuously for 5s
The access times exceed the value of parameter MSMAXRETRAN
Page35
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Normal Cell Reselection
When there is no abnormal situation happened, MS will trigger normal cell reselection as described below:
Cell reselection for cells in the same location area If the C2 value of the target cell is higher than that of the
serving cell for longer than 5 seconds, a cell reselection process will be performed and the MS tunes to the new cell.
Cell reselection for cells in different location areas If the C2 value of the target cell is higher than that of the
serving cell by at least the value of CRH for longer than 5 seconds, a location update process and the cell reselection process will be performed.
Page36
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Cell Reselection Parameter
Page37
C2=C1+CRO-TO*H(PT-T) When PT is not equal to 31
C2=C1-CRO When PT is equal to 31
For neighbor cell:
H(PT-T)=0, when PT-T<0
H(PT-T)=1, when PT-T ≥ 0
For serving cell:
H(PT-T) = 0
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
CRO(Cell Reselect Offset) Parameter ID: CRO
Value Range: 0~63( the corresponding level value:
0~126dB, stepped every 2dB).
Unit: 2dB
Default Value: 0
Description: Cell Reselect Offset. It is a parameter in C2
calculation to give an intentional modification in MS cell
reselection.
Page38
MML: SET GCELLIDLEBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
TO(Cell Reselect Temporary Offset)
Parameter ID: TO
Value Range: 0~7 (the corresponding value is 0~60dB, 7
corresponds to “Infinite”).
Default Value: 0
Description: Cell Reselect Temporary Offset. It is a
parameter in C2 criterion to give a temporary modification
within PT time.
Page39
MML: SET GCELLIDLEAD
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PT(Cell Reselect Penalty Time)
Parameter ID: PT
Value Range: 0~30(the corresponding time is 20~620s), 31(reserved for changing the effect of CRO on C2)
Unit: Second
Default Value: 0
Description: Cell Reselect Penalty Time. It is used to ensure the safety and validity of cell reselection because it helps to avoid frequent cell reselection.
Page40
MML: SET GCELLIDLEAD
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PI(Cell Reselect Parameters Indication)
Parameter ID: PI
Value Range: Yes , No
Default Value: Yes
Description: Cell Reselect Parameters Indication (PI), sent
on the broadcast channel, indicates whether "Cell
Reselect Offset (CRO)", "Cell Reselect Temporary Offset
(TO)" in the "SET GCELLIDLEAD" command, and "Cell
Reselect Penalty Time (PT)" are used.
Page41
MML: SET GCELLIDLEBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
CRH(Cell Reselect Hysteresis)
Parameter ID: CRH
Value Range: 0~14, the step size is 2dB
Unit: dB
Default Value: 6
Description: Cell Reselection Hysteresis. It is the
parameter used when cell reselection happens between
two location areas.
Page42
MML: SET GCELLIDLEBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page43
Question
One MS is switched on. The parameters of the MS and cells
shown on the next slide.
Other given conditions:
Rx_Lev_Access_Min = 8 (-102 dBm)
MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH=5 (for every cell)
Please give the answers for following questions:
Which cells will be selected after the MS is powered on ?
Which cell will be selected after cell reselect (suppose the current
serving cell is H)?
Cell Select and Reselct Answers.rar
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page44
Question1800MHZRXLev= -66dBmCBA=No, CBQ=NoPI=YesPT=1CRO=6MCC=460CRH=6dBTO=6MNC=01
900MHZRXLev= -58dBmCBA=No, CBQ=NoPI=YesPT=0CRO=5MCC=460CRH=4dBTO=7MNC=99
B
CH 900MHZ
RXLev= -65dBmCBA=No, CBQ=NoPI=NoPT=0CRO=2MCC=460CRH=12dBTO=6MNC=011800MHZ
RXLev= -78dBmCBA=No, CBQ=NoPI=YesPT=0CRO=4MCC=460CRH=4dBTO=6MNC=01
G
F900MHZRXLev= -62dBmCBA=Yes, CBQ=YesPI=YesPT=0CRO=3MCC=460CRH=6dBTO=6MNC=01
E
900MHZRXLev= -64dBmCBA=Yes, CBQ=YesPI=NoPT=1CRO=0MCC=460CRH=6dBTO=6MNC=01
D
1800MHZRXLev= -75dBmCBA=No, CBQ=NoPI=YesPT=1CRO=10MCC=460CRH=0dBTO=6MNC=01
Dual Band
IMSI 460010000032093
MSA
900MHZRXLev= -59dBmCBA=No, CBQ=YesPI=YesPT=0CRO=10MCC=460CRH=6dBTO=7MNC=01
LAC border
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents
1. System Information Reception
2. Cell Selection
3. Cell Reselection
4. Location Update
5. Paging Processing
6. Access Processing
7. Other parameters
Page45
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Definition of Location UpdateInform the system the LA (Location Area) where the MS is located.
Normal location update
Period location update
Attach
Page46
LA 1
LA 2
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Period of Periodic Location Update(T3212)
Parameter ID: T3212
Value Range: 0~255
Unit: 6 minutes
Default Value: 20
Description: It is the Periodic Location Update Timer. It
defines the interval of periodic location update.
Page47
MML: SET GCELLIDLEBASIC
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Procedure of Periodic Location Update
Page48
BSC
MSC
MS
1 Hour
1 Hour 1 Hour
++ ++ +
reset reset reset
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Abnormal Occasion
Page49
LA 3
LA 2
LA 1
But I am always powered on
The subscriber you dialed has been powered off
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Reason1 of Abnormal Occasion
Page50
BSC
MSC
MS
1 Hour
1 Hour
1 Hour
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Reason2 of Abnormal Occasion
Page51
BSC
MSC
MS
1 Hour
1 Hour
1 Hour
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Reason3 of Abnormal Occasion
Page52
Even if T3212 setting is less than the system (MSC) query time, the system
will still sometimes voice “The subscriber you dialed is powered off”.
A B
T3212=4 T3212=8
LAC
“Ping-pong Reselect”
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
ATT (Attach-detach Allowed)
Parameter ID: ATT
Value Range: Yes, No
Default Value : Yes
Description: It is Attach-detach allowed. It is used to
inform MS whether IMSI attach-detach is allowed in this
cell. If it is set to “Yes”, the network will not process the
connection to the called mobile subscriber when MS is
power-off. Thus network processing time and radio
resources are saved. Otherwise the network will process
the connection even though the MS has been powered
off.
Page53
MML: SET GCELLIDLEBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Abnormal Occasions What will happen if MS is powered off in a cell with “ATT=yes” and then
powered on in a new cell with “ATT=no” in the same LAC?
Then what will happen if MS is powered on in a cell with “ATT=yes” and then powered off in a cell with “ATT=no” in the same LAC?
What will happen if the two cells belong to different LAC?
Page54
Powered off
ATT=yes ATT=no
LAC
Powered on
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents
1. System Information Reception
2. Cell Selection
3. Cell Reselection
4. Location Update
5. Paging Processing
6. Access Processing
7. Other parameters
Page55
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Paging Resources
Paging messages are delivered on PCH channel which
belongs to CCCH, then how many CCCH and PCH channels
are configured? How about the paging performance?
Page56
PCH RACHAGCH
Downlink CCCH Uplink CCCH
NCH
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Paging Resources
What kind of CCCH channels are configured?
Decided by parameter: CCCH Conf
How many CCCH blocks are used for PCH in one 51 multi-
frame?
Decided by parameter: BSAGBLKSRES (CCCH Blocks Reserved for
AGCH)
How many 51 multi-frame is one paging cycle?
Decided by parameter: BS_PA_MFRMS
How does the MS know which PCH block belongs to it?
Calculated by CCCH grouping and IMSI of MS
Page57
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
CCCH Conf Value Range: 1 Compounding CCCH , 1 Non-Compounding
CCCH, 2 Non-Compounding CCCHs, 3 Non-compounding
CCCHs, 4 Non-compounding CCCHs.
Default Value: When there is one TRX in the cell, one
combined CCCH is recommended (in a system with few paging
messages in location area). For others, it is configured
according to the number of TRX in the cell.
Description: It is Common Control Channel Configuration.
CCCH configuration determines the capacity of PCH, AGCH
and RACH. This parameter can be automatically configured by
system according to the TRX channel configuration.
Location: This parameter depend on channel configuration
Page58
MML: SET GCELLIDLEBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
BSAGBLKSRES (CCCH Blocks Reserved for AGCH)
Parameter ID: BSAGBLKSRES
Value Range: 0~7 (Non-Compounding CCCHs), 0~2 (1
combined CCCH)
Unit: Block
Default Value: 2 (Non-combined CCCH), 1(1 combined CCCH)
Description: BS-AG-BLKS-RES, indicating the number of the
CCCH message blocks reserved for the AGCH. After the
CCCHs are configured, the value of this parameter indicates
the actual seizure rates of the AGCHs and the PCHs over the
CCCHs.
Page59
MML: SET GCELLIDLEBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
BSPAMFRAMS (Multi-Frames in a Cycle on the Paging CH)
Parameter ID: BSPAMFRAMS
Value Range: 2~9
Unit: Multi-frame period (51 frames)
Default Value: 2 Multi-frame period
Description: It is Paging Channel Multi-frames. It defines
the number of multi-frames used as a cycle of paging
sub-channels.
Page60
MML: SET GCELLIDLEBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page61
Example of Paging Group
PCH10....
PCH10
1
2
9
10
The
First
Paging
period
8
AGCH AGCH
PCH56
16PCH56
AGCH AGCH
AGCH AGCH
AGCH AGCH
AGCH AGCH
AGCH AGCH
BS_PA_MFRAMES= 8 Multi-frame period (51 frames)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
BS_AG_BLKS_RES=2
8 Multi-
frame
form
one
period
( PCH N—the Nth paging channel)
PCH1
PCH1
1 Non-Compounding CCCH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
The
second
Paging
period
MSA MS B MS C
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents
1. System Information Reception
2. Cell Selection
3. Cell Reselection
4. Location Update
5. Paging Processing
6. Access Processing
7. Other Parameters
Page62
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Overview of Network Access Network access is a relay procedure for MS from idle
mode to dedicated mode.
Normal reasons of network access include:
Originated call setup
Paging response
Location update
SMS
Network access of MS will be controlled by system with
the help of some parameters which will be introduced
detailed later.
Page63
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Random Access of MS
Below show us the procedure of MS’ random access to
network
Page64
0
500BCCH TS
Uplink
Subcriber push button at this moment to setup a call
R
50 016171819
RRRR RRRR RRRR RRR RRRR R R RR RRRR RR RRRR RR R R RR R RR
The MS possibly send the access burst at this moment, why?
if no response, the MS will retry again certain seconds later, How long? And how many times of retry maximal?
Time
R
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TX-integer
Parameter ID: TX
Value Range: 3~12, 14, 16, 20, 25, 32, 50
Unit: RACH Timeslot (equals to a TDMA frame, 4.615ms)
Default Value: 32
Description: Used to calculate the number of timeslots in
the interval between multiple channel requests sent by
MS.
Page65
MML: SET GCELLIDLEBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Calculation of S
Page66
STX-integer
Non-Combined CCCH Combined CCCH
3, 8, 14, 50 55 41
4, 9, 16 76 52
5, 10, 20 109 58
6, 11, 25 163 86
7, 12, 32 217 115
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Max Retransmissions for Radio Priority 1, 2, 3, 4
Parameter ID:MAXRETRANS1, MAXRETRANS2,
MAXRETRANS3, MAXRETRANS4
Value Range: 1, 2, 4, 7
Unit: Time(s)
Default Value: 7 Times
Description: MAX Retransmissions is the upper limit of
times that MS is allowed to send “Channel Request” in one
immediate assignment procedure.
Page67
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Max Retransmissions for Radio Priority 1, 2, 3, 4
Maximum retransmission for radio priority 1, 2 … 4. The
2bit Radio Priority message carried by the MS in the
Packet Channel Request message has four levels of
priorities. Level 1 is the highest priority, and level 4 is
the lowest priority.
Page68
MML: SET GCELLPRACH
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Common Access Control Class
Parameter ID: COMMACC
Value Range: Level 0~9 Forbidden
Default Value: 0000000000
Description: One of the parameters of random access control
information. It is used for load control of ordinary
subscribers, to permit or forbid the network access of some
common level users. “1” stands for forbidden and “0” for
permitted.
Page69
MML: SET GCELLCCBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Special Access Control Class
Parameter ID: SPECACC
Value Range: Level 11~15 Forbidden
Default Value: 00000
Description: It is used for load control, permitting or
forbidding the network access of some special level users.
“1” stands for forbidden and “0” for permitted.
Page70
MML: SET GCELLCCBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Emergent Call Disable
Parameter ID: ERGCALLDIS
Value Range: Yes, No
Default Value: No
Description: Emergence Call Disable. When EC Disable is
set to “No”, it means emergency call is permitted.
Otherwise it is prohibited.
Page71
MML: SET GCELLCCBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contents
1. System Information Reception
2. Cell Selection
3. Cell Reselection
4. Location Update
5. Paging Processing
6. Access Processing
7. Other Parameters
Page72
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
CS RACH Min. Access Level Parameter ID: RACHACCLEV
Value Range: -121~-104
Unit: dBm
Default Value: -109
Description: The parameter affects the access of MS. This parameter specifies the level threshold for the random access of the MS. If the receive level of the RACH burst in the CS domain is smaller than the value of CS RACH Min.Access Level, the BTS regards this access as an invalid one and no decoding is performed. If the receive level of the RACH burst is greater than the value of CS RACH Min. Access Level, the BTS considers that an access request exists on this timeslot, and determines together with the value of "Random Access Error Threshold" whether the RACH access is valid.
Page73
MML: SET GCELLCCACCESS
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
PS RACH Min. Access Level Parameter ID: PSRACHACCLEV
Value Range: -121~-104
Unit: dBm
Default Value: -109
Description: The parameter affects access to the packet service. This parameter specifies the level threshold for the random access of the MS. If the receive level of the RACH burst in the PS domain is smaller than the value of PS RACH Min.Access Level, the BTS regards this access as an invalid one and no decoding is performed. If the receive level of the RACH burst is greater than the value of PS RACH Min. Access Level, the BTS considers that an access request exists on this timeslot, and determines together with the value of "Random Access Error Threshold" whether the RACH access is valid.
Page74
MML: SET GCELLCCACCESS
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
ECSC (Early Classmark Sending Control) Parameter ID: ECSC
Value Range: Yes, No
Default Value: No
Description: Early Classmark Sending Control. It indicates if an MS
in the cell is allowed to use early Classmark sending.
Yes: The MS reports Classmark3 to the network immediately
after link setup.
No: The MS is forbidden to report its Classmark3 to network
initiatively.
Page75
MML: SET GCELLCCBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Definition of Classmark In GSM system, the abilities that MS supports, such as service
ability, band ability, power ability, encryption ability, is described
by the classmark. BSC decodes the information according to the
requirement of network and transfer to the network.
There are 3 kinds of
classmark:Classmark1 、 Classmark2 、 Classmark3.
Network knows about abilities of MS either via inquiring for MS’s
CLASSMARK or via requiring MS to report CLASSMARK3
immediately by itself after link setup.
Page76
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Classmark Update Flow
For dual-band MS, after the SCCP
connection is established and
before receiving message "CM
Service Accepted" there will be a
class mark update flow.
CR message reports the
information of Classmrk 2. And in
the class mark update flow, MS will
report Classmark 3 information
which is related to the dual-band
capability.
Page77
Classmark Change
Classmark Enquiry
MS BSS MSC
Classmark Request
Classmark Update
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Information about Classmark 2/3
Page78
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
TCH Immediate Assignment
Parameter ID: IMMASSEN
Value Range: Yes, No
Default Value : No
Description: Whether to allow immediate TCH assignment.
If this parameter is set to YES, the BSC can assign a TCH
immediately when there is no available SDCCH for a
channel request. If this parameter is set to NO, the BSC
can assign only an SDCCH when processing a channel
access request.
Page79
MML: SET GCELLBASICPARA
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Immediate Assignment Optimization Parameter ID: IMMASSCBB
Value Range: Yes, No
Default Value : No
Description: The channel activation and immediate assignment
messages are sent at the same time to reduce the signaling
processing time, thus increasing the response speed of the
network. This parameter is mainly used for satellite transmission,
i.e., to reduce the impact of satellite transmission delay. Yes: when the Transmission Mode of the BTS is Satellite transmission
No: when the Transmission Mode of the BTS is Terrestrial transmission
Page80
MML: SET GCELLBASICPARA
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Signaling Flow of Immediate Assignment Optimization
Page81
MS BTS BSC MSC
Channel_req Channel_Required
Channel_Active
Channel_Active_Ack
IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMAND
Establish_IND (CM Service Req)
CR(Complete_L3_information)
CM Service Accepted
CC
(NOTE 1)
First SABM
UA
…
CHAN_ACT
MS BTS BSC
IMM_ASS_CMD
CHAN_ACT_ACK
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Directed Retry
In TCH assignment process, if there is no TCH available,
handover can take place instead of assignment, and this
is called direct retry.
Huawei improves directed retry on two sides:
Traffic
Receive level
Page82
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page83
Directed Retry ProcedureStart
[Directed Retry] is enabled?
[Assignment Cell Load Judge Enable]
is enabled?
Load of the current cell [Cell Directed
Retry Forbidden Threshold](s)?
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
YesLoad of the
neighbor cell ≤ [Directed Retry Load Access Threshold](n)?
RXLEV(n) >RXLEV (s) + [Inter-cell HO Hysteresis](s->n)
- [Direct Retry Handover Level Range](s->n) ?
Yes
End: Trigger directed retry
No
Yes
No
End: Assignment failure
Traffic
Rxlevel
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page84
Directed Retry Parameter Setting
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
See notes
Page85
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page86
Directed Retry Parameter Setting
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Radio Link Timeout
Parameter ID: RLT
Value Range: 4~64, the step size is 4
Unit: SACCH period (480ms)
Default Value: 52
Description: This parameter is used for MS to decide
downlink disconnection in case of SACCH decoding failures.
Page87
MML: SET GCELLCCBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Application of Radio Link Timeout
Page88
Impact of radio link timeout
A BP Q
Poor coverage
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Radio Link Timeout
To increase the robustness of the SACCH channel, to improve
the AMR network coverage performance, and to lower the call
drop rate, in practice the AMR FR/HR RLT should be set higher.
Page89
Normal Call Radio Link Timeout (SACCH
period(480ms))
AMR FR AFR Radio Link Timeout (SACCH period(480ms))
AMR
HR AHR Radio Link Timeout (SACCH period(480ms))
Default
Value
52
Call Type Parameter
64
52
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
SACCH Multi-Frames Parameter ID: SAMULFRM
Value Range: 0~63
Unit: SACCH period (480ms)
Default Value: 32
Description: It is a timer used to determine whether the uplink radio link connection fails. BSS judges the uplink radio link failure according to uplink SACCH BER.
Every time BTS fails to decode the MR sent from MS, this timer decreases by 1;
Every time BTS succeeds to decode the MR, this timer increases by 2.
When this timer reaches 0, BTS judges that the uplink radio connection fails, then BTS sends a radio connection failure message to BSC.
This parameter and the radio link timeout (RLT) are used to judge the uplink/downlink radio connection failure.
Page90
MML: SET GCELLCCBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
SACCH Multi-Frames
To increase the robustness of the SACCH channel, to improve the
AMR network coverage performance, and to lower the call drop
rate, in practice the AMR FR/HR SACCH Multi-Frames should be
set higher.
Page91
Normal Call SACCH Multi-Frames (SACCH
period(480ms))
AMR FR AFR SACCH Multi-Frames (SACCH period(480ms))
AMR
HR
AHR SACCH Multi-Frames (SACCH
period(480ms))
Default
Value
32
Call Type Parameter
64
52
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
T200 Parameter ID: T200
Value Range: 60~2400 (step: 10)
Unit: ms
Default Value: 12
Description: T200 timer (LAPD protocol) is used to avoid deadlock during data transfer on the data link layer. The value of the timer indicates the time when the LAPD link waits for the response or acknowledgement frame after sending the command frame.
On the LAPDm layer, every time a message is sent, the opposite end is requested to acknowledge the reception. If this message is lost for unknown reasons, it will occur that both ends keep waiting, leading to system deadlock.
Therefore, a timer should be started when the sender sends a message. If the timer times out, the sender will regard that the receiver has not received the message and will resend the message.
Page92
MML: SET BTSRINGATTR
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
N200 Parameter ID: N200
Value Range: 1~3
Unit: none
Default Value: 3
Description: the value of this parameter specifies the maximum number of times when a frame is retransmitted (LAPD protocol)
Different timer values should be set for different LAPDm channels such as SDCCH, FACCH and SACCH. This is because these channels have different transmission rate.
Page93
MML: SET BTSRINGATTR
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Use LAPDm N200
Parameter ID: N200PARASWITCH
Range: On, Off
Default Value : Off
Description: Whether the BSC sends the LAPDm N200
parameter to the BTS. If this parameter is set to YES, the
BSC sends the LAPDm N200 parameter. If this parameter
is set to NO, the BSC does not send the LAPDm N200
parameter.
Page94
MML: SET GCELLCCTMR
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Call Re-establishment Forbidden
Parameter ID: CALLRESTABDIS
Value Range: Yes, No
Default Value: Yes
Description: Informing MS whether call
reestablishment is allowed or not.
Page95
MML: SET GCELLBASICPARA
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Network Identity Parameter — BSIC BSIC=NCC+BCC
In GSM system, each BTS is allocated with a color code,
which is called BSIC. MS can identify two cells with the same
BCCH by the help of BSIC.
In network planning, make sure that BCCH of neighbor cells
are different from the serving cell’s BCCH to reduce the
interference.
Practically it is still possible that a same BCCH is re-used in
the surrounding cells. For cells using the same BCCH in a
relevant near distance, their BSIC must be different so that
MS can identify two neighbor cells with same BCCH.
Page96
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
NCC Permitted
Parameter ID: NCCPERMIT
Value Range: Selection of 0~7 Perm.
Default Value: 11111111
Description: Network Color Code. It lists NCC that need be
measured by MS. If a neighbor cell’s NCC is permitted, MS
will report MRs of it to the network.
Page97
MML: SET GCELLIDLEBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
MBR (Multi-Band Report)
Parameter ID: MBR
Value Range: 0~3
Default Value: 0
Description: Multi-Band Report is used for requesting the
MS to report the measurement information of neighboring
cells in multiple frequency bands. This parameter is carried
in the system information 2ter and 5ter.
Page98
MML: SET GCELLCCBASIC
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Application of MBR
Page99
-92dBm -82dBmA B
C -68dBm
D -90dBm
E -78dBm
F -88dBm
G -96dBm
H -84dBm
GSM1800
GSM900
S
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Max Resend Times of Phy. Info. Parameter ID: MAXRESEND
Range Value :1~255
Unit: Times
Default Value :30
Description: Maximum times for a Physical Information
message to be transmitted. When the retransmission times
exceeds this parameter and the BTS still cannot receive any
correct SAMB frame from the MS, the BTS sends a connection
failure message (including the handover failure information) to
the BSC, which releases the assigned channel and stops timer
T3105 after receiving this message.
Page100
MML: SET GCELLHOAD
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
T3105
Parameter ID: T3105
Range Value : 0~255
Unit: 10ms
Default Value : 7
Description: When BTS sends physical information to the MS, the BTS starts the timer T3105. If the timer T3105 times out before receive the SABM frame from MS, BTS re-sends physical information to MS and restarts the timer T3105.
Page101
MML: SET GCELLHOAD
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Intra-BSC Handover Signaling Flow
Page102
MS BTS1 BSC BTS2 MS MSC
Channel_Active
Channel_Active_Ack
Measure Report from MS
HANDOVER COMMAND
Handover AccessHandover_Detect
PHYINFO
PHYINFO
First SABM
Establish_IND
HANDOVER COMPLETE
Handover_Performed
UA
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
PWRC
Parameter ID: CANPC
Value range: Yes, No.
Default Value: Yes
Description: It is used to indicate MS whether to delete received
level value obtained from the timeslots of BCCH when MS
measures receiving level during base band hopping mode.
When it is set to “No”, it means the influence of receiving level on BCCH
is in consideration.
If it is set to “Yes”, process it in the way mentioned above.
Page103
MML: SET GCELLCCCH
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Cell Extension Type
Parameter ID: EXTTP
Value Range: Normal cell, DoubleTS Ext cell
Default Value: Normal cell, but the configuration is
according to the practical situation.
Description: It indicates whether a cell is an extended
cell and the extended cell mode.
Page104
MML: ADD GCELLMML: MOD GCELL
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Max TA (Maximum Time Advance)
Parameter ID: MAXTA
Value Range:
0~63 (Normal cell)
0~255 (Double TS Ext cell)
Unit: Bit period (1 bit = 0.55km)
Description: this parameter determines the actual coverage area of BTS. When BTS receives the channel request message, it determines whether channel assignment should take place in the current cell by comparing the TA with the value of this parameter.
Page105
MML: SET GCELLBASICPARA
Default Value
62 for normal cell
219 for dual TS extended cell
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Interference Band Threshold 0~5 Parameter ID: INTERFTHRES 0~5
Value Range: 110~85
Unit: -dBm
Default Values
110 ( Interference band threshold 0)
105 ( Interference band threshold 1)
98 ( Interference band threshold 2 )
92 ( Interference band threshold 3 )
87 ( Interference band threshold 4 )
85 ( Interference band threshold 5)
Description: It decides the corresponding value for each interference band (from band 1 to band 5) and used to measure the uplink interference during the SDCCH/TCH(F)/TCH(H) timeslot is in idle mode.
Page106
MML: SET GCELLOTHEXT
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Interference Calculation Period Parameter ID: INTERPERIOD
Value range: 1~31
Unit: SACCH period (480 ms)
Default Values: 20
Description: Before the BTS transmits the radio resource indication message to the BSC, the interference levels measured on idle channels in the period defined by this parameter are averaged. The average interference level is used to classify the interference levels on idle channels into five interference bands. A too big value of this parameter cannot reflect the change of interference. A too small value of this parameter wastes the resources.
Page107
MML: SET GCELLOTHEXT
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
UL DTX
Parameter ID: FRULDTX (full rate), HRULDTX (half rate)
Value Range: May use, Shall use, Shall not use
Default Value: Shall use
Description: It is used to indicate whether MS uses DTX
function. It shows the DTX state of the MS in the previous
measurement period.
Page108
MML: SET GCELLBASICPARA
Copyright © 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
DL DTX Parameter ID: FRDLDTX (full rate), HRDLDTX (half rate)
Value range: Yes, No
Default Value: Yes
Description: This parameter indicates whether downlink DTX
is used in a cell. The use of downlink DTX is also controlled
by the DTX switch in the MSC. If downlink DTX is forbidden in
the MSC, downlink DTX is not used regardless of the setting
of this parameter. If downlink DTX is allowed in the MSC, the
setting of this parameter can determine whether downlink
DTX is used in the cell.
Page109
MML: SET GCELLBASICPARA
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