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Module 4—Hazard Prevention and Control

Safety Management

Worksite Analysis

ManagementCommitment

and EmployeeInvolvement

Hazard Prevention and Control

Safety and Health

Training

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Module 4 Objectives

At the end of this module, you will be able to:

Identify the factors OSHA includes under hazard prevention and control in its voluntary Safety and Health Program Management guidelines.

Understand the key aspects of an engineering design and start-up review.

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Module 4 Objectives—continued

Consider other control methods when the hazard cannot be engineered out of the job.

Recognize the key components of an emergency plan.

Recognize the key components of a medical program.

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Prevention Versus Control

Hazard Prevention

The process of designing a job or operation so that hazards are completely eliminated

Hazard Control

The process of designing or finding ways to minimize the risk of a hazard that cannot be entirely eliminated

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The Safety Process

Recognize

EvaluateControl

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Activity Instructions

Review the factors that demonstrate hazard prevention and control, then

check the items you feel your organization does well.

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Engineering Controls

Redesign of equipment

Substitution of a material, equipment, or process

Change of process to minimize or eliminate hazard

Use of barriers or shields to isolate a hazard

Use of barriers to isolate a person

Ventilation

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Administrative Controls

Training and education

Procedures to limit exposure

Increasing distance between hazard and employee

Adjusting work schedules and rotating assignments to reduce exposure

Maintenance

Good housekeeping

Wet work methods

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PPE Controls

Protective clothing, headwear, footwear

Eye and face protection

Respiratory protection

Hearing protection

Fall protection

Protection against electrical hazards

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Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process

A newly constructed building or facility.A remodeled or expanded building or facility.New tools or equipment.A new process or procedure.

An analysis of the processes involved in and the potential hazards associated with:

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During the design phase of any construction or installation projectIdeally should precede any capital or operational purchasing decisions

When to perform:

Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process

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Can reduce injuries, illnesses and environmental damage.Prevents expensive retrofitting.Increases productivity.Lowers installation and operating costs.

Why it’s Important:

Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process

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Potential hazards during construction or installationPotential hazards during normal usePotential hazards during maintenance

What it Assesses:

Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process

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Design engineersConstruction personnelMachinistsUsers of new facility or equipmentPeople who will maintain new facility or equipmentSafety personnel

Who Should be on the Team:

Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process

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Knowledge of and familiarity with OSHA regulationsAble to apply basic safety principlesAble to listen to people who will use the designConcern for impact design will have on safetyAttention to impact on environment

Engineering Qualifications:

Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process

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In evaluating the performance of a project engineer, what criteria and benchmarks are generally used?

Question for thought:

Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process

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Sustainability Considerations

1. Can this design protect employees from exposures to hazards?

2. Is the design friendly toward the environment?3. Can this design effectively use energy and

control emissions?4. Can this design reduce water use?5. Can this design recycle water or use recycled

water?

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Sustainability Considerations

6. Can the materials used in this design be made from renewable resources?

7. Can the materials be non-toxic to employees and community members?

8. Will toxic substances be released into the air during construction, installation, or use?

9. When the materials are no longer useful, can they be discarded without harming the environment or using space in a landfill?

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Activity Instructions

In your group, identify what you believe are the important components of an emergency plan, including:

What should be included in an emergency plan?How should it be communicated to the organization?

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Activity Instructions

Review the list of components that are an important part of a medical program. Check those that your organization already does, then check any you

think it should implement.

Already Do Should Implement

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Activity Instructions

List the hazards you identified in the case study, then list controls that will either eliminate or control the hazards. Indicate whether each control is:

Engineering.Administrative.PPE.

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Implementation Roles

Top Management Supervisors Employees

What is top management’s role in implementing these controls?

The supervisor’s role?

The employee’s role?

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Activity Instructions

Ways to design the hazards out of the palletizer altogether.

Ways to achieve sustainability with the new palletizer.

For each of the identified hazards, brainstorm the following: