Cell

Nucleus

Cell

Nucleus

Cell

Nucleus

RNAPolymerase

RNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA double helix.

RNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA double helix.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

RNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA double helix.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

RNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA double helix.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

RNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA double helix.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

RNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA double helix.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

RNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA double

helix.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

RNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA double

helix.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

RNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA double

helix.

RNAPolymerase

RNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA double

helix.

RNAPolymerase

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region.

RNAPolymerase

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region.

RNAPolymerase

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region.

RNAPolymerase

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region.

RNAPolymerase

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

RNA Polymerase reads the DNA and creates the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Coding Region

RNA Polymerase reads the DNA and creates the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Coding Region

mRNA Strand

RNA Polymerase reads the DNA and creates the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Coding Region

mRNA Strand

RNA Polymerase reads the DNA and creates the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Coding Region

mRNA Strand

RNA Polymerase reads the DNA and creates the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Coding Region

mRNA Strand

RNA Polymerase reads the DNA and creates the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Coding Region

mRNA Strand

RNA Polymerase reads the DNA and creates the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Coding Region

mRNA Strand

RNA Polymerase reads the DNA and creates the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Coding Region

mRNA Strand

RNA Polymerase reads the DNA and creates the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Coding Region

mRNA Strand

RNA Polymerase reads the DNA and creates the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Coding Region

mRNA Strand

RNA Polymerase reads the DNA and creates the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Coding Region

mRNA Strand

RNA Polymerase reads the DNA and creates the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Coding Region

mRNA Strand

RNA Polymerase hits the stop codon and releases the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Stop CodonCoding Region

mRNA Strand

Termination Sequence

RNA Polymerase hits the stop codon and releases the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Stop CodonCoding Region

mRNA Strand

Termination Sequence

RNA Polymerase hits the stop codon and releases the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Stop CodonCoding Region

mRNA Strand

Termination Sequence

RNA Polymerase hits the stop codon and releases the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Stop CodonCoding Region

mRNA Strand

Termination Sequence

RNA Polymerase hits the stop codon and releases the mRNA strand.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Stop CodonCoding Region

mRNA Strand

Termination Sequence

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

RNAPolymerase

Guanine

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Start Codon Stop CodonCoding Region

mRNA Strand

Termination Sequence

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

Nuclear Pore

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

Nuclear Pore

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

Nuclear Pore

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

Nuclear Pore

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

Nuclear Pore

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

Nuclear Pore

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

Nuclear Pore

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

Nuclear Pore

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

Ribosomes

rRNA forms a ribosome.

Ribosomes

rRNA forms a ribosome.

Ribosomes

rRNA forms a ribosome.

Ribosomes

rRNA forms a ribosome.

rRNA forms a ribosome.

mRNA binds to the ribosome and the code is read.

mRNA binds to the ribosome and the code is read.

mRNA binds to the ribosome and the code is read.

mRNA binds to the ribosome and the code is read.

mRNA binds to the ribosome and the code is read.

mRNA binds to the ribosome and the code is read.

mRNA binds to the ribosome and the code is read.

mRNA binds to the ribosome and the code is read.

tRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

tRNA

anticodon

amino acid

Met

startcodon

Amino acids bind to each other through peptide bonds.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

tRNA

anticodon

amino acid

peptide bond

Leu Arg

startcodon

Amino acids bind to each other through peptide bonds.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

tRNA

anticodon

amino acid

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeu

startcodon

Amino acids bind to each other through peptide bonds.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

tRNA

anticodon

amino acid

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr

startcodon

Amino acids bind to each other through peptide bonds.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

tRNA

anticodon

amino acid

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu

startcodon

Amino acids bind to each other through peptide bonds.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

tRNA

anticodon

amino acid

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr

startcodon

Amino acids bind to each other through peptide bonds.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

tRNA

anticodon

amino acid

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr Asp

startcodon

Amino acids bind to each other through peptide bonds.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

tRNA

anticodon

amino acid

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr AspCys

startcodon

Amino acids bind to each other through peptide bonds.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

tRNA

anticodon

amino acid

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr AspCys Leu

startcodon

Amino acids bind to each other through peptide bonds.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

tRNA

anticodon

amino acid

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr AspCys Leu Thr

startcodon

Amino acids bind to each other through peptide bonds.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

tRNA

anticodon

amino acid

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr Asp Cys Leu Thr STOP

startcodon

Ribosome hits the stop codon, and protein synthesis is complete.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

amino acid

chain

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr Asp Cys Leu Thr Asp

Stop Codon

CompletedProtein

startcodon

Ribosome hits the stop codon, and protein synthesis is complete.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

amino acid

chain

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr Asp Cys Leu Thr Asp

Stop Codon

CompletedProtein

Ribosome hits the stop codon, and protein synthesis is complete.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

amino acid

chain

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr Asp Cys Leu Thr Asp

Stop Codon

CompletedProtein

Ribosome hits the stop codon, and protein synthesis is complete.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

amino acid

chain

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr Asp Cys Leu Thr Asp

Stop Codon

CompletedProtein

Ribosome hits the stop codon, and protein synthesis is complete.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

amino acid

chain

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr Asp Cys Leu Thr Asp

Stop Codon

CompletedProtein

Ribosome hits the stop codon, and protein synthesis is complete.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

amino acid

chain

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr Asp Cys Leu Thr Asp

Stop Codon

CompletedProtein

Ribosome hits the stop codon, and protein synthesis is complete.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

amino acid

chain

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr Asp Cys Leu Thr Asp

Stop Codon

CompletedProtein

Ribosome hits the stop codon, and protein synthesis is complete.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

amino acid

chain

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr Asp Cys Leu Thr Asp

Stop Codon

CompletedProtein

Ribosome hits the stop codon, and protein synthesis is complete.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

amino acid

chain

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr Asp Cys Leu Thr Asp

Stop Codon

CompletedProtein

Ribosome hits the stop codon, and protein synthesis is complete.

Guanine

Cytosine Adenine

Uracil

amino acid

chain

peptide bond

Leu ArgLeuThr Glu Thr Asp Cys Leu Thr Asp

Stop Codon

CompletedProtein

Amino acid chain coils into a complete protein.

CompletedProtein

Amino acid chain coils into a complete protein.

CompletedProtein

Amino acid chain coils into a complete protein.

CompletedProtein

Amino acid chain coils into a complete protein.

CompletedProtein

Amino acid chain coils into a complete protein.

CompletedProtein

Amino acid chain coils into a complete protein.

CompletedProtein

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Transcription—NDARNARNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region (start) of DNARNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

RNA Polymerase hits stop codon and releases mRNAmRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete

Translation—RNAProteinrRNA forms a ribosome

mRNA binds to the ribosome, the code is readtRNA has the anticodon and amino acid attaches

amino acids bind to each other with a peptide bondribosome hits the stop codon and protein synthesis is complete