Post on 01-May-2017
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M.Muazzam SheriffLecturer Microbiology & ImmunologyIbn Sina National College for Medical Studies
Bacillus Common Species: Bacillus anthracis Bacillus cereus
Microscopic Morphology• Gram Positive Bacilli
Bacillus Species
Gram Positive Bacilli
Bacillus anthracis endospores stained with Malachite Green
Clostridium Genus Clostridium consists of Gram positive, anaerobic, spore forming bacilli.
Common Species Clostridium perfringens Clostridium botulinum Clostridium tetani Clostridium dificile
Microscopic Morphology
Gram Positive Bacilli
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium tetani
Gram positive bacilli with drum stick appearance
Anaerobic Jar and Gas Pack Produces anaerobic conditions for strict anaerobe
Anaerobic jar converts Oxygen to water by chemical reaction. Water is added to the red envelope to generate hydrogen gas (H2) and carbon dioxide.
The resulting hydrogen combines at the palladium catalyst in the jar lid to convert the oxygen present into water, creating the anaerobic environment
Anaerobic Jar
Gas Pack
Corynebacterium
Common species Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Microscopic morphology• Gram Positive Bacilli with Palisade arrangement (X
or Y shaped arrangement) (Chinese lettering)
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Palisade arrangement
Enterobacteriaciae
Small Gram-negative non-spore forming enteric bacilli (also called coccobacilli)
Common species Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae Proteus vulgaris.
Enterobacteriaciae species
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Growth of Escherichia coli on Mac Conkey Agar Plate
Pink Lactose fermenting colonies
Growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae on Mac Conkey Agar Plate
Lactose Fermenting- Pink mucoid colonies
Growth of Proteus mirabilis on Sterile Blood agar plate
Swarming Growth
Pseudomonas Species.Common species Pseudomonas aeroginosa
Microscopic morphology• Gram negative short Bacilli
Growth of Pseudomonas on MacConkey Agar Plate
Non-Lactose fermenting colonies with green pigmentation
Oxidase Test
A.Pseudomonas aeroginosa - Purple color indicates positive.
B. Escherichia coli - No colour change indicates Negative.
N-Tetramethyl-p- phenylenediamine (TMPD) or,N-Dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DMPD), which is also a redox indicator. The reagent is a dark blue to violet color when oxidized, and colorless when reduced.
Haemophilus speciesHaemophilus genus represents a large group
of Gram-negative rods (pleomorphic)
Common species Haemophilus influenzae
Growth of Haemophilus influenzae on Chocolate agar
forms moist, smooth colonies.
Chocolate agar (enriched medium) is a non-selective medium for the primary isolation of fastidious bacteria.
Example: Neisseria meningitidis and Haemophilus spp.
Chocolate agar contains haemoglobin solution and supplemental ingredients that are required by some fastidious organisms.
*Factors X (hemin) and V (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide [NAD]) are present