Post on 04-Oct-2020
transcript
THE 5 THEMES OF
GEOGRAPHY
THE FIVE THEMES OF
GEOGRAPHY
• Location
• Place
• Human-Environment Interaction
• Movement
• Regions
LOCATION
Where are we? • Absolute Location
– A latitude and longitude
(global location) or a
street address (local
location).
– Paris France is 48o North
Latitude and 2o East
Longitude.
– The White House is
located at 1600
Pennsylvania Ave.
• Relative Location
– Described by landmarks,
time, direction or
distance. From one place
to another.
– Go 1 mile west on main
street and turn left for 1
block.
PLACE
What is it like there, what kind of place is it?
• Human
Characteristics • What are the main
languages, customs, and
beliefs.
• How many people live,
work, and visit a place.
• Physical
Characteristics • Landforms (mountains,
rivers, etc.), climate,
vegitation, wildlife, soil, etc.
HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTION
• How do humans and the environment affect each other?
– We depend on it. • People depend on the Tennessee River for water and
transportation.
– We modify it. • People modify our environment by
heating and cooling buildings for comfort.
– We adapt to it. • We adapt to the environment by wearing
clothing suitable for summer (shorts) and
winter (coats), rain and shine.
MOVEMENT
• How are people, goods, ideas moved from place
to place?
– Human Movement
• Trucks, Trains, Planes
– Information Movement
• Phones, computer (email), mail
– Idea Movement
• How do fads move from place to place?
TV, Radio, Magazines
REGIONS
• How are Regions similar to and different from other
places?
– Formal Regions
• Regions defined by governmental or administrative boundaries (States,
Countries, Cities)
• Regions defined by similar characteristics (Corn Belt, Rocky Mountain
region, Chinatown).
– Functional Regions
• Regions defined by a function (newspaper service area, cell phone
coverage area).
– Vernacular Regions (Not in your book)
• Regions defined by peoples perception (middle east, the south, etc.)
Remembering the 5 themes
• If you can’t remember what they are
just ask MR. HELP!!!
• M – Movement
• R – Regions
• HE – Human Environment interaction
• L – Location
• P - Place
The 6 Essential Elements of Geo.
• 1. The World in Spatial Terms
• 2. Places and Regions
• 3. Physical Systems
• 4. Human Systems
• 5. Environment and Society
• 6. Uses of Geography
The 6 Essential Elements of Geo.
• Inside the 6 elements of Geography you will 18
national Geography standards that help to break
them down and make them more easily
understood and applied.
The 6 essential Elements of Geo.
• The World in Spatial Terms
• 1. How to use maps and other geographic representations,
tools, and technologies to acquire, process, and report
information from a spatial perspective.
• 2. How to use mental maps to organize information about
people, places, and environments in a spatial context.
• 3. How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places,
and environments on Earth's surface.
The 6 essential Elements of Geo.
• Places and Regions
• 4. The physical and human characteristics of places.
• 5. That people create regions to interpret Earth's
complexity.
• 6. How culture and experience influence people's
perceptions of places and regions.
The 6 essential Elements of Geo.
• Physical Systems
• 7. The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's
surface.
• 8. The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems
on Earth's surface.
The 6 essential Elements of Geo.
• Human Systems
• 9. The characteristics, distribution, and migration of human populations on
Earth's surface.
• 10. The characteristics, distribution, and complexity of Earth's cultural
mosaics.
• 11. The patterns and networks of economic interdependence on Earth's
surface.
• 12. The processes, patterns, and functions of human settlement.
• 13. How the forces of cooperation and conflict among people influence the
division and control of Earth's surface.
The 6 essential Elements of Geo.
• Environment and Society
• 14. How human actions modify the physical environment.
• 15. How physical systems affect human systems.
• 16. The changes that occur in the meaning, use,
distribution, and importance of resources.
The 6 Essential Elements of Geo.
• Uses of Geography
• 17. How to apply geography to interpret he past.
• 18. How to apply geography to interpret the present and
plan for the future.
• Maps & Globes are the main tools, but geographers also use satellites and computer systems
• GPS (Global Positioning System)
– 24 satellites around the Earth transmit absolute location
• GIS (Geographic Information Systems)
– Use computer software to input information about a certain place (Ex. Species in a rainforest)
Tools of a Geographer
• Planning
– Ex. Natural disaster prevention
• Making Good Decisions
– Ex. Whether a new building should be built
• Managing Resources
– Ex. To locate resources; endangered
species/deforestation
Uses of Geography
Types of Maps
Goode’s Interrupted
Mercator
Other Types of Projections
Robinson Winkel Tripel
Types of Graphs
Identify the types below:
Five Themes of Geography
Difference between Latitude/Longitude
Prime Meridian & Equator
Difference between Absolute & Relative Location
Types of Projections
Types of Maps
Types of Graphs/Charts
Difference between General Purpose Maps & Special Purpose Maps
Landforms (just those on study guide)
Definition of Geography
Uses of Geography
Difference between GPS and GIS
Concepts to know for your test