04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 1

The Recruit will also practice and master certain skills and will be tested on these skills. At the end of each subject there will be a quiz over the material that was taught. The firefighter is responsible for studying the material and practicing the skills.

Introduction

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 2

Ventilation

References

IFSTA Essentials of Fire Fighting Fifth Edition

IFSTA Essentials of Fire Fighting Fifth Edition Fire Fighter I & II Presentations

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 3

Ventilation

The systematic removal and replacement of heated air, smoke, and gasses from a structure with cooler air.

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 4

Ventilation

From the earliest time, man has recognized that heated air, gases, and smoke rise.

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 5

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 6

Ventilation

Types of Ventilation• Vertical ventilation• Horizontal Ventilation• Forced Ventilation

– Mechanical Positive-Pressure– Mechanical Negative-Pressure– Hydraulic

• Built-In Ventilation Systems

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 7

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 8

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 9

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 10

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 11

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 12

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 13

Ventilation

Advantages an effects of ventilation.

• Rescue Operations

• Fire Attack

• Property Conservation

• Fire Spread

• Reduction of Flashover Potential

• Reduction of Backdraft Potential

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 14

Ventilation

• Saving Lives– Aiding rescue operations– Reducing Flashover Potential– Reducing Backdraft Potential

• Suppressing Fire– aiding attack and extinguishment– Controlling fire spread

• Reducing Damage– Enabling property conservation

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 15

Ventilation

Effects

• Defiantly visibility

• Cooler Air

• Fresh Air

• Control of the Fire

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 16

Ventilation

Dangers

&

Precautions

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 17

Ventilation

Backdraft

When sufficient heat is confined in an area, the temperature of combustible materials rise to their ignition points. These materials will not ignite. However, unless sufficient oxygen is available to support combustion. In this situation, a very dangerous condition exists because the admittance of an air supply is all that is needed to explosively change the superheated area into an instant inferno.

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 18

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 19

Ventilation

The primary type of ventilation to prevent a backdraft is vertical ventilation.

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 20

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 21

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 22

Ventilation

What life safety hazards are likely to be found in an unventilated burning structure in which smoke and gases have accumulated?

• Obscurity caused by dense smoke

• Presence of toxic gases

• Lack of oxygen

• Presence of flammable gases

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 23

Ventilation

• Danger of Backdraft

• Danger of Flahover and Rollover

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 24

Ventilation

What building factors aid the firefighter in determining whether to use horizontal or vertical ventilation?

• Building type and design

• Number and size of wall openings

• Number of stories

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 25

Ventilation

• Number of staircases, shafts, dumbwaiters, ducts, roof openings

• Availability of exterior fire escape

• Exposure involvement.

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 26

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 27

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 28

Ventilation

• Problems with windowless buildings.– Adversely affect fire fighting and ventilation

ops.– Ventilation may by delayed, allowing the fire to

gain headway or to create backdraft conditions.– Usually require mechanical ventilation for

smoke removal.– May be able to use mechanical ventilation and

built-in ventilation systems.

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 29

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 30

Ventilation

That completes the self study portion of the class. Now you, the student, will watch the video Essentials of Firefighting Ventilation located in the 2nd top draw on the right side of the T.V. in the Dayroom. After the video come back to the computer and take the quiz.

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 31

Ventilation

Quiz

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 32

Quiz

1. The systematic removal and replacement of heated air, smoke, and gasses from a structure with cooler air is the definition of

A. Ventilation

B. Wind

C. Smoke column

D. None of the above

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 33

Quiz

2. Which of the following is not a type of ventilation?

A. Vertical

B. Force

C. Built in

D. Geographical

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 34

Quiz

3. The primary type of ventilation to prevent a backdraft is

A. Geographical

B. Natural

C. Vertical

D. None of the above

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 35

Quiz

4. When performing Hydraulic Forced Ventilation how much of the window opening should be covered?

A. 25-30%

B. 85-90%

C. 100%

D. None of the above

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 36

Quiz

5. When sufficient heat is confined in an area, the temperature of combustible materials rise to their ignition points. These materials will not ignite. However, unless sufficient oxygen is available to support combustion. In this situation, a very dangerous condition exists because the admittance of an air supply is all that is needed to explosively change the superheated area into an instant inferno is the definition of

A. Backdraft

B. Flashover

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 37

Quiz

6. Which of the following is not an advantage of effective ventilation?

A. Reduce potential of Backdraft

B. Rescue operations

C. Make a pretty hole

D. None of the above

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 38

Quiz

7. What size should the hole in roof at least be in vertical ventilation?

A. 4’x4’

B. 6’x6’

C. 10’x10’

D. None of the above

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 39

Quiz

8. Puffing smoke, hot unbroken glass, and hot walls are signs of what?

A. Flashover

B. Backdraft

C. Curling iron was left on

D. None of the above

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 40

Quiz

9. When looking at building factors for ventilation what should you look for?

A. Color of building

B. Location of out houses

C. Number of stories

D. None of the above

04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 41

Quiz

10. Using a electrical fan to suck smoke from a structure is called what?

A. Positive Pressure Ventilation

B. Sucking smoke ventilation

C. Fan Ventilation

D. None of the above