A look at Empires…A look at Empires…

What are the characteristics of an empire?What are the characteristics of an empire?

CHINACHINA

WAR!WAR!

Zhou DynastyZhou Dynasty (1122 – 256 B.C.E.)(1122 – 256 B.C.E.) The “Mandate of The “Mandate of

Heaven”Heaven” Zhou Dynasty loses Zhou Dynasty loses

authority (771 B.C.E.)authority (771 B.C.E.)

The Period of the The Period of the Warring States Warring States (475/403 – 221 B.C.E.)(475/403 – 221 B.C.E.) Dukes Dukes Kings Kings

Sun Tzu – Sun Tzu – The Art of The Art of WarWar

What will happen?What will happen?

Society in question!Society in question!

Sun Tzu, Sun Tzu, The Art of The Art of WarWar

With your group, read over the excerpt and With your group, read over the excerpt and consider the following questions. Have one consider the following questions. Have one person right down your ideas and thoughts.person right down your ideas and thoughts.

What does What does The Art of War The Art of War address? Teach?address? Teach?

What does What does The Art of WarThe Art of War tell us about Chinese tell us about Chinese society during the Period of the Warring society during the Period of the Warring States?States?

What was important to most Chinese societies What was important to most Chinese societies during the Period of the Warring States? during the Period of the Warring States?

What might result from concentrating on war?What might result from concentrating on war?

ConfuciusConfucius

Kong Fuzi (551 – 479 B.C.E.)Kong Fuzi (551 – 479 B.C.E.)

Lu stateLu state

ConfucianismConfucianism

The AnalectsThe Analects

Education – Education – Book of Songs, Book Book of Songs, Book of History, Book of Ritesof History, Book of Rites, and , and other texts on leadership and other texts on leadership and administration.administration.

Considering Considering ConfucianismConfucianism

ConfucianismConfucianism Practical? Impractical?Practical? Impractical? Philosophical? Religious? Moral?Philosophical? Religious? Moral? Optimistic or Pessimistic?Optimistic or Pessimistic?

JunziJunzi

RenRen

LiLi

XiaoXiao

DISCIPLINE leads to?DISCIPLINE leads to?

Spread of Spread of ConfucianismConfucianism

Mencius (372 – 289 B.C.E.)Mencius (372 – 289 B.C.E.)Views on society? Government?Views on society? Government?

Xunzi (298 – 238 B.C.E.)Xunzi (298 – 238 B.C.E.)Views on society? Government?Views on society? Government?

Qin Dynasty?Qin Dynasty?

Today?Today?

DaoismDaoism

Laozi (6Laozi (6thth Century B.C.E.) – Century B.C.E.) – Old MasterOld Master

DaodejingDaodejing ( (Classic of the Way and of Classic of the Way and of VirtueVirtue))

DaoDao

WuweiWuwei

Yin yangYin yang

ZhuangziZhuangzi (369 – 286 C.E.) - (369 – 286 C.E.) - ZhuangziZhuangzi Life and Death?Life and Death?

Laozi’s departureLaozi’s departure

Yin YangYin Yang

Considering DaoismConsidering Daoism

DaoismDaoismPractical? Impractical?Practical? Impractical?Philosophical? Religious? Moral?Philosophical? Religious? Moral?Optimistic or Pessimistic?Optimistic or Pessimistic?Active? Passive?Active? Passive?Direct? Indirect?Direct? Indirect?

Daoism and Confucianism…why Daoism and Confucianism…why not both?not both?

LegalismLegalism

Shang Yang (ca. 390 – 338 B.C.E.)Shang Yang (ca. 390 – 338 B.C.E.)Qin stateQin stateThe Book of Lord ShangThe Book of Lord Shang

Han Feizi (ca. 280 – 233 B.C.E.)Han Feizi (ca. 280 – 233 B.C.E.)

Agriculture and Armed ForcesAgriculture and Armed Forces

LAWS – communal responsibilityLAWS – communal responsibility

End of the Period of the Warring End of the Period of the Warring StatesStates

Considering LegalismConsidering Legalism

LegalismLegalismPractical? Impractical?Practical? Impractical?Philosophical? Religious? Moral?Philosophical? Religious? Moral?Optimistic or Pessimistic?Optimistic or Pessimistic?Active? Passive?Active? Passive?Direct? Indirect?Direct? Indirect?

HOMEWORK TONIGHTHOMEWORK TONIGHT

In a 4-5 sentence paragraph:In a 4-5 sentence paragraph:Write your own Confucian OR Write your own Confucian OR

Daoist OR Legalist lesson on any Daoist OR Legalist lesson on any of the following:of the following:Good studentshipGood studentshipGood parentingGood parentingGood athleticismGood athleticismGood artistic performanceGood artistic performance

Qin DynastyQin Dynasty

Period of the Warring States (403 – Period of the Warring States (403 – 221 B.C.E.)221 B.C.E.)

LegalismLegalism

Qin Dynasty (221 – 207 B.C.E.)Qin Dynasty (221 – 207 B.C.E.)

The First EmperorThe First Emperor Qin Shihuangdi (r. 221 – 210 B.C.E.)Qin Shihuangdi (r. 221 – 210 B.C.E.)

(Qin Shi Huang)(Qin Shi Huang)

http://www.artsmia.org/art-of-asia/history/dynasty-chin.cfm

The First EmperorThe First EmperorBackground InformationBackground Information

Qin Shihuangdi (r. 221 – 210 B.C.E.)Qin Shihuangdi (r. 221 – 210 B.C.E.)(Qin Shi Huang)(Qin Shi Huang)

XianyangXianyangCentral Govt. OfficersCentral Govt. OfficersPeasant LaborersPeasant Laborers

RoadsRoadsThe Great Wall of ChinaThe Great Wall of ChinaPalacesPalacesEmperor’s TombEmperor’s Tomb

The First EmperorThe First EmperorCentralizing GovernmentCentralizing Government

Standardized:Standardized: LawsLaws Money (Currency)Money (Currency) WeightsWeights MeasuresMeasures

Roads and BridgesRoads and Bridges

Interregional commerce (trading)Interregional commerce (trading)

The First EmperorThe First EmperorControlling an EmpireControlling an Empire

Qin Shihuangdi (r. 221 – 210 B.C.E.)Qin Shihuangdi (r. 221 – 210 B.C.E.) (Qin Shi Huang)(Qin Shi Huang)

Confucians and DaoistsConfucians and Daoists

Burning booksBurning books Philosophy, ethics, history, and literaturePhilosophy, ethics, history, and literature

What books does he keep?What books does he keep?

Scholars and critics?Scholars and critics?

The First EmperorThe First EmperorStandardized ScriptStandardized Script

Various languages and dialectsVarious languages and dialects

One written languageOne written language

What does one universal language do for What does one universal language do for Chinese society?Chinese society?

The First EmperorThe First EmperorBurialBurial

210 B.C.E.210 B.C.E.

The Tomb of Qin ShihuangdiThe Tomb of Qin Shihuangdi GoodsGoods Slaves, concubines, and craftsmenSlaves, concubines, and craftsmen Traps, crossbows, and soldiersTraps, crossbows, and soldiers

Terra-cotta soldiersTerra-cotta soldiers

Rebelling Against the Empire! (207 B.C.E.)Rebelling Against the Empire! (207 B.C.E.)