Name: Nitish Xavier Tirkey S.Y.BCA

INTRODUCTION HOW IT WORKS LAYERS Deployment models Issues Advantages Disadvantages

In the past computing tasks such as word processing were not possible without the installation of application software on a user's computer.

Cloud computing differs from the classic client-server model by providing applications from a server that are executed and managed by a client's web browser, with no installed client version of an application required.

Any computer or web-friendly device connected to the Internet may access the same pool of computing power, applications, and files in a cloud-computing environment.

A cloud user needs a client device such as a laptop or desktop computer, pad computer, smart phone, or other computing resource with a web browser to access a cloud system via the World Wide Web.

The cloud provides server-based applications and all data services to the user, with output displayed on the client device.

Since cloud services are web-based, they work on multiple platforms, including Linux, Macintosh, and Windows computers.

Once an Internet Protocol connection is established among several computers, it is possible to share services within any one of the following layers:

Client:-A cloud client consists of computer hardware and  computer software that relies on cloud computing for application delivery, or that is specifically designed for delivery of cloud services and that, in either case, is in essence useless without it.

Application:-Cloud application services or "Software as a Service (SaaS)" deliver software as a service over the Internet, eliminating the need to install and run the application on the customer's own computers and simplifying maintenance and support.

Platform:-Cloud platform services, also known as Platform as a Service (PaaS), deliver a computing platform and/or solution stack as a service, often consuming cloud infrastructure and sustaining cloud applications.

Infrastructure:-Cloud infrastructure services, also known as Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), deliver computer infrastructure – typically a platform virtualization environment – as a service.

Server:-The servers layer consists of computer hardware and/or computer software products that are specifically designed for the delivery of cloud services, including multi-core processors, cloud-specific operating systems and combined offerings.

Public cloud:-Public cloud or external cloud describes cloud computing in the traditional mainstream sense, whereby resources are dynamically provisioned on a fine-grained, self-service basis over the Internet

Community cloud:-A community cloud may be established where several organizations have similar requirements and seek to share infrastructure so as to realize some of the benefits of cloud computing.

Hybrid cloud and hybrid IT delivery:-The main responsibility of the IT department in a non-IT company is to deliver services to the business.

Combined cloud:-Two clouds that have been joined together are more correctly called a "combined cloud".

Private cloud:-"Private cloud" and "internal cloud" have been described as neologisms, but the concepts themselves pre-date the term "cloud" by 40 years. Even within modern utility industries, hybrid models still exist, despite the formation of reasonably well-functioning markets and the ability to combine multiple providers.

Privacy:-The cloud model has been criticized by privacy advocates for the greater ease in which the companies hosting the cloud services control, and, thus, can monitor at will, lawfully or unlawfully, the communication and data stored between the user and the host company

Compliance:-In order to obtain compliance with regulations including FISMA, HIPAA, and SOX in the United States, the Data Protection Directive in the EU and the credit card industry's PCI DSS, users may have to adopt community or hybrid deployment modes that are typically more expensive and may offer restricted benefits.

Open source:-Open source software has provided the foundation for many cloud computing implementations, one prominent example being the Hadoop framework.

Open standards:-Most cloud providers expose APIs that are typically well-documented but also unique to their implementation and thus not interoperable.

Security:-As cloud computing is achieving increased popularity, concerns are being voiced about the security issues introduced through the adoption of this new model.

Availability and performance:-In addition to concerns about security, businesses are also worried about acceptable levels of availability and performance of applications hosted in the cloud.

Data usage:-Since data that was, in the past, stored locally on a user's computer would now be stored remotely in a data center, an individual's internet usage would soar as large files are sent via the internet between the user's computer and the data center.

Sustainability and siting:-Although cloud computing is often assumed to be a form of "green computing", there is as of yet no published study to substantiate this assumption.

Use by crackers:-As with privately purchased hardware, crackers posing as legitimate customers can purchase the services of cloud computing for nefarious purposes.

You receive secure, managed hosting at very inexpensive costs.

You do not need to purchase additional hardware as your space requirements grow.

Your server will have offsite backup in case something goes wrong.

If something does goes wrong, you can get the support of your service providers

Additional cost of data transfer fees You do not have control over the remote servers, their

software, or their security Your data is at the mercy of a third-party company

(you better make sure you trust them) It may be difficult (or even impossible) to migrate

massive amounts of data from the provider