New Nation Test Study Guide

By Abby Slaboden

Vocabulary

• What is the group of people selected by the president called?

• What is their job?

Vocab Answer 1

• Cabinet

• They advise the President on different issues and are the heads of the executive departments of government

Vocabulary 2

• What part of congress has 435 members in it, with 10 being from Massachusetts?

Vocab Answer 2

• House of Representatives

Vocabulary 3

• What is the idea of a divided government called?

Vocab Answer 3• Separation of powers

Life In 1790

• Who was able to get an education? Why weren’t other people allowed to?

Life In 1790 Answer 1

• Only boys could receive an education

• Slaves weren’t important enough to have an education because people didn’t even treat them as humans

• Girls couldn’t go to school because it was their job to cook, clean, and raise the family.

Life In 1790 #2

• What did poor boys and poor girls who couldn’t go to school do during the day? Why did they have to do this?

Life In 1790 Answer #2

• The kids needed to work all day in fields, cooking, and cleaning.

• Because they were poor, they couldn’t buy slaves to do the work

• Also, they couldn’t afford to go to school so that was their job instead.

Geography

• What were the advantages about having the country settled where it was?

Geography Answer

• There were many rivers and waterways (coasts) so it made trading and travel very easy.

• Also, the Appalachian Mountains went through the middle of the country so it was good protection.

• The land was on the coast too which made fertile land to grow crops

Geography 2• What were the disadvantages of having

the country settled where it is?

Geography Answer 2

• There are many rivers and we are on the coast so it is easy to be attacked (pirates, other countries, etc.)

• The Appalachian Mountains are in the middle of the country so it is hard to travel and trade

• It gets very cold where they settled so growing seasons are short

People

• Who won most disagreements with Tomas Jefferson? What was his position/job?

People Answer

• Alexander Hamilton

• Secretary of Treasury in Washington’s cabinet

• He got them to make a national bank and he got the Southern states to pay off north’s debts

People 2

• Who was the member of Washington’s cabinet who was afraid that the federal government would have too much power? Why?

People Answer 2

• Thomas Jefferson• He believed that the powers not mentioned

specifically in the Constitution belonged to the states. He felt that some things that Hamilton stated were federal powers, were actually supposed to be left to the states. He thought that because the federal government took some of this power, the states wouldn’t have as much power, and were left weakened.

People 3

• Which person in Washington’s cabinet was a really strong army leader who actually went out to fight himself with the soldiers? What was his job/title?

People Answer 3

• George Washington!

• 1st President of the United States

$$ Issues

• Why is Washington D.C. our capitol?

$$ Issue Answer

• The north had debt it wasn’t able to pay off and so Hamilton got the Southern states to pay off their debt and the capitol would move more towards the middle of the country than New York -- The new capital was next to Virginia.

$$ Issues 2

• What was a way to store federal tax money? What were the problems with it? What else could they do with this money?

$$ Issues Answer 2

• National Bank

• It wasn’t listed in the Constitution as a federal right so Jefferson thought it was taking too much of the states power

• The Bank also could give loans to businesses

Loose Vs. Strict Interpretation

• If someone believes that only states can listen to phone conversations, what is their interpretation?

Loose Vs. Strict Answer

• Strict

• It doesn’t say in the Constitution that the Federal government can listen in to phone conversation so strict interpreters think it is a power left for states

Loose Vs. Strict Interpretation 2

• If the President wants to make a law regarding email and people support it, are they strict or loose?

Loose vs. Strict Answer 2

• Loose

• Just like it doesn’t say that the Congress can make a bank, those who believe in Loose construction believe that the “Elastic Clause” of the 10th Amendment allow for them to interpret the Constitution in new ways if “necessary and proper”

National Bank

• Who was opposed to the idea of a National Bank? Why?

National Bank Answer

• Thomas Jefferson

• He thought the Federal government didn’t have the right to make a bank and he thought the U.S. would turn into a monarchy because it would make the states even weaker, and the Federal govt. too powerful.

National Bank 2

• Who’s idea was it to make a National Bank? What would be the purpose of it?

National Bank Answer 2

• Alexander Hamilton

• The bank would be where all collected tax money would go and the money could be used to give businesses loans.

Foreign Policy

• What was George Washington’s view on Foreign Policy? When was a major point in which he applied his view?

Foreign Policy Answer

• George Washington decided to stay out of things, especially when he needed to make a decision about getting involved in French Revolution

Foreign Policy 2

• Why didn’t the U.S. get involved in the French Revolution?

Foreign Policy Answer 2

• French- We had a treaty with them that said we would always support them.

• Britain- We were great trading partners that we relied on so we couldn’t fight against them

• We didn’t have enough money

• The conflict didn’t involve us anyway

Neutrality Proclamation

• What was the proclamation about and what did it say?

Neutrality Proclamation Answer

• It said U.S. won’t get involved in the war

• If citizens are caught by other countries, the U.S. won’t help them get out of trouble

• If citizens were caught by U.S. government officials, they could be arrested

Slavery

• In what ways is slavery mentioned in Constitution? Explain each.

Slavery Answer

• 3/5 compromise- Every 5 slaves is counted as 3 people when counting number of people in each state

• Giving Slave Trade 20 years and then have it up for discussion

• Fugitive slave act- if a runaway slave is tracked down and caught, the state it was found in must send it back to its original state

Slavery 2

• What was Washington’s view on slavery and why do people question his opinion today?

Slavery Answer 2

• Washington believed slavery was wrong, but wouldn’t stand up and say anything about it.

• He owned more than 300 slaves himself so people wonder if he actually meant that he didn’t like slave trade or if he was just saying that so he wouldn’t look bad

George Washington Farewell Adress

• George Washington mentions foreign policy, political parties, and a few other things. Explain what George was talking about when he mentioned foreign policy and political parties.

G.W. Farewell Adress Answer

• Foreign Policy- He talks about how the U.S. should show respect to other countries but shouldn’t sign treaties because they arent helpful and can put you in bad situations (France v. Britain)

• Political Party- He thought that the geography was the reason people belonged to certain parties and thought people were turning against eachother because of them. Overall, he thought they were a bad idea.

THE END

Good luck on the test