Post on 06-Apr-2018
transcript
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What is Sustainable Agriculture ?
Sustainable Agriculture involves farming systems that areenvironmentally sound, profitable, productive, and compatible with
socio-economic conditions
Sustainable Agriculture: GoalThe major goals of this approach are thus to develop economically
viable agro-ecosystems and to enhance the quality of the environment,
so that farmlands will remain productive indefinitely.
To conserve natural resource base
To protect the environment
To enhance prosperity for a longer period of time
Sustaining house-hold food security of the farmers
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Advantages of Sustainable Agriculture:
o Contributes to environmental conservation.
o Prevents pollution:
When sustainable farming is carried the waste so produced remains
inside the farming ecosystem. Thus it cannot in any way cause
pollution or build-up in the external environment.
o Reduction in cost:
Sustainable agriculture minimizes the use and cost of purchasing
fossil fuel and reduces the transportation costs. This helps in reducing
the overall cost involved I the process of farming.
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o Biodiversity:
Sustainable agriculture results in biodiversity as the farms produce
different kinds of animals and plants. Plants are seasonally rotatedabout the fields, which results in enriched soil, prevention of diseases
and outbreaks of pests.
o
Beneficial for animals:Animals are cared for, treated humanely and with respect. All animals
living in the farm are facilitated to exhibit their natural behaviours like
grazing, pecking or, rooting. This helps them to grow in a natural way.
o Economically beneficial for farmers.
When engage themselves into sustainable agriculture they receive a
fair wage for their effort. As a result their dependence on government
subsidies is reduced, thereby strengthening the rural communities.
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o Social equality.
When sustainable agriculture is practiced workers are offered
competitive salaries and benefits. They are treated with humanity;
provided with safe work environment, food and proper living
conditions.
o Beneficial for environment.
Sustainable agriculture decreases the use of non-renewable
environmental resources and is thus quite beneficial for the
environment.
o This special type of agriculture and farming technique makes utmost
use of the environment and that too without causing any harm to it.
Products obtained do not contain any inorganic chemicals like
insecticides and pesticides. All these factors make sustainable
agriculture a preferred choice of farmers all over the world.
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What is Integrated Farming System ?
Integration of two or more appropriate combination of enterprises like crop,dairy, piggery, fishery, poultry, bee keeping etc, for each farm according tothe availability of resources to sustain and satisfy the necessities of thefarmer.
The Integrated Farming System (IFS) has revolutionized ConventionalFarming of Livestock, Aquaculture, Horticulture, Agro-Industry and Alliedactivities in some countries, especially in tropical and subtropical regionsthat are not arid. Farming all over the world is not very performing unlessrelatively big inputs are added to sustain yields and very often compromisethe economic viability as well as the ecological sustainability.
IFS can turn all those existing disastrous farming systems, especially in thepoorest countries, into economically viable and ecologically balancedsystems that will not only alleviate poverty, but can even eradicate thissource completely.
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Integrated Farming In Low Land
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Integrated Farming In Up Land
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Advantages of Integrated Farming System
Increase productivity & profitability
Ensure food & nutritional security
Provide a cleaner & pollution free environment
Impart sustainability to the ecosystem
Recycle un-utilised resources efficiently
Enhance employment opportunities
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Generate income round the year
Adopt innovative technology
Solve energy & fodder crisis
Avoid deforestation
Enhance opportunities for agriculture based industries
Improved standard of living of the farm families in spheres of food,
clothing, shelter,health & education.
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Why Integrated Farming System ?
Shrinkage in area under cropping:
Area under cropping is decreasing day by day to urbanization,
industrialization, population, construction of buildings & highways.
As a result there is sharp declining in the per capital carrying capacity
of the land. The population of India is expected to increase to 137 &166 crores, respectively, in 2030 & 2050 AD, while the cultivable land
will decline to 141.3 & 131.3 million.
Small & Fragmented holding:The average holding of a farm in India has been declining & over
80% of operational holdings are below the size of 1.0 hct. In Odisha,
82% of the farmers are considered small & marginal with an average
holding size of 0.8 hct.
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Seasonal nature of income & employment & out-migration:
Cropping activities in rain fed areas areas are restricted to four
months in rainy season. Employment opportunities are scarce in otherseasons. This leads to large-scale migration of male farmers to cities
in search of work. Round the year employment opportunities should
be there to check out-migration from rural areas.
Deterioration of resource base:
The ultimate goal of sustainable agriculture is to conserve of human
population over a longer period. This can be achieved by seeking the
optimal use of internal production inputs in a way that provide
acceptable levels of sustainable crop productivity & livestock
production resulting in economically profitable return.
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Household requirement:
A country or state is said to achieve complete food & nutritional
security if each & every person is able to consume a minimumquantum & quality of various food ingredients i.e adequate &
balanced diet on a regular basis, minimum education. Other
requirements include timber system approach is essential for meeting
all these diverse needs from limited land holdings of small & marginal
farmer.
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Core Characteristic of Integrated Farmer System:
It is holistic
It is problem solving
It envisages location specific technology solution
It is farmer-participatory
It recognizes Indigenous Technology Knowledge (ITK)
It adopts Bottom up approach
It is interdisciplinary
It emphasizes extensive On-farm activities It is gender sensitive
It recognizes interdependencies among multiple clients
It focuses on actual adoption
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Components of IFS(Integrated farming system):
Water source (pond, ditch,well)
Fence (low cost live fencing)
Field crops
Agri-horti system/multi storied cropping
Olericulture: Olericulture is the science of vegetable growing, dealingwith the culture of non-woody (herbaceous )plants for food.Olericulture deals with the production, storage, processing andmarketing of vegetables. It encompasses crop establishment,including cultivar selection, seedbed preparation and establishmentof vegetable crops by seed and transplants.
Animals & shed
Farm house
Miscellaneous-apiary, pisciculture, poultry, vermiculture, mushroomproduction
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbaceoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultivarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultivarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbaceous8/3/2019 ABM Presentation1
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Thank You