Post on 08-Apr-2018
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COM103
Richard Anthony C. Rivera BSIT 2A (MT 7:00-8:30am)
Activity # 4
Description of a Mechanism
I.
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Technically, a computer is a programmable machine. This means it can execute a
programmed list of instructions and respond to new instructions that it is given. Today,
however, the term is most often used to refer to the desktop and laptop computers that most
people use. When referring to a desktop model, the term "computer" technically only refers to
the computer itself -- not the monitor, keyboard, and mouse. Still, it is acceptable to refer to
everything together as the computer. If you want to be really technical, the box that holds the
computer is called the "system unit."
The main part, processing unit and devices, of a microcomputer is a system unit. A
system unit includes a board called a motherboard that holds a microprocessor chip (or a CPU),
memory chips, and expansion slots. Electronic circuitry is printed on the board and it connects
between two main parts of a microcomputer, the microprocessor and primary storage and other
parts. The system unit is housed within the system cabinet.
II.
A. Computer Case - A computer case (also
known as a computer chassis, cabinet, box,
tower, enclosure, housing, system unit or
simply case) is the enclosure that contains
most of the components of a computer.
a. Power Port – A port were you insert
the cable that gives power to the unit.
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b. Keyboard Port – A port were you
insert the keyboard.
c. Mouse Port – A port were you insert
the Mouse.
d. Usb Port – A port were you insert the
USB cables.
e. Serial Port – A port were you insert
the Printer Cable.
f. Monitor Port – A port were you insert
the Monitor Cable.
g. Network – A port were you insert the
Networking cable like RJ11/RJ45.
h. Sound – A port were you insert the
Headset/Speaker Cables.
B. Motherboard - The motherboard, or
mainboard, is the backbone of the computer.
All the individual pieces connect to t
motherboard in some way. The motherboard
is home the processor chip, pci slots, and
memory.
a. North Bridge -The northbridge
typically handles communications
among the CPU, RAM, BIOS ROM,
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and PCI Express (or AGP) video cards,
and the southbridge.
b. South Bridge - A southbridge usually
works with several different
northbridges, but these two kinds of
chip must be designed to wo
together; there is no industry-wide
standard for interoperability between
different core logic chipset designs.
c. Memory – The slot were you insert
Ram/Read Only Memory.
d. IDE – The Slot were you insert IDE
cables.
e. SATA – The Slot were you insert
SATA cables.
f. BIOS - The BIOS software is built into
the PC, and is the first code run by a
PC when powered on ('boot firmware').
The primary function of the BIOS is to
load and start an operating system.
g. PCI – The Slot were you insert PCI
cards.
h. AGP/PCI 16x – The Slot were you
insert Video Cards
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C. Processor - This is the chip that does the
"thinking" of the computer. These are the
"Pentium" and "AMD" chips you hear about.
Processor speed is measured in
MegaHertz(Mhz) and GigaHertz(Ghz). 1
Ghz = 1000 Mhz.
D. PCI Slot
a. Graphics Card - A video card is an
expansion card whose function is to
generate output images to a display.
Many video cards offer added
functions, such as accelerated
rendering of 3D scenes and 2
graphics, video capture.
b. Lan/Networking Card - A network
interface controller is a computer
hardware component that connects a
computer to a computer network. The
controller may also be referred to as a
network adapter, or a LAN adapter.
c. Sound Card - A sound card (also
known as an audio card) is a computer
expansion card that facilitates the input
and output of audio signals to and from
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a computer under control of computer
programs.
E. Hard Drive
This is the part of your computer where
information is stored for later retrieval. All
the information you access on yo
computer, all your documents, pictures,
email messages, and programs are here.
Unlike memory, the hard drive stor
information even after the power is turned
off. The image to the right shows the
inside of a hard drive.
a. Disk Motor - The disk motor has an
external rotor attached to the disks; the
stator windings are fixed in place.
b. Actuator - the end of the head support
arm is the read-write head (near center
in photo); thin printed-circuit cables
connect the read-write heads to
amplifier electronics mounted at the
pivot of the actuator.
c. Platters - The platters are spun at
speeds varying from 3,000 RPM in
energy-efficient portable devices, to
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15,000 RPM for high performance
servers. Information is written to, and
read from a platter as it rotates past
devices.
d. Spindle -holds flat circular disks
called platters, onto which the data are
recorded.
F. DVD-ROM - This plays your music and
data cd's, or if you have a DVD drive, it will
also play DVD movies. Data CD's hold up to
700Mb of information. If you have a CD-R
or CD-RW drive, you can store your own
information on CDs.
G. Fan - A computer fan is any fan inside a
computer case used for cooling purposes,
and may refer to fans that draw cooler air
into the case from the outside, expel warm
air from inside, or move air across a heatsink
to cool a particular component.
H. Power Supply - A power supply is a device
that supplies electrical energy to one or more
electric loads. The term is most commonly
applied to devices that convert one form of
electrical energy to another, though it may
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also refer to devices that convert another
form of energy to electrical energy.
I. SATA Cable - Serial ATA (SATA or Serial
Advanced Technology Attachment) is a
computer bus interface for connecting host
bus adapters to mass storage devices such as
hard disk drives and optical drives.
J. Molex – a connector type is the on
pictured, which is used for pow
connections for disk drives and oth
computer components. An AT or AT
standard power supply normally has
multiple connectors of this type.