African swine fever – what is it?

Eithne White VI National Disease Control Centre

2 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Introduction • domestic pigs, wild boar, warthogs etc. • does not affect other animal species • does not affect humans • meat is safe to eat • no treatment • no vaccine

3 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Distribution • Sub-Saharan Africa - endemic • Sardinia – endemic since 1978 • Spain and Portugal – 1957 to mid 1990’s • Eastern Europe - 2007 • European Union – 2014 • Western Europe - 2018 • China - 2018

Geographical Distribution in Europe September 2018

5 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

China

6 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Transmission 1. Contact with infected pigs or wild boar, faeces, urine or bodily fluids

7 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Transmission 2. Ingestion of infected pork or pork products by pigs e.g. food waste containing salami, sausages etc.

8 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Transmission 3. Contact with contaminated vehicles, clothing, footwear, equipment 4.Use of infected reproductive material e.g. semen, ova, and embryos 5. Biological vectors – ticks of the Ornithodorus spp. (not present in Ireland)

9 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Clinical Signs

Sudden death High temperature Skin haemorrhages and

cyanosis

Depression Inappetance Recumbence

Difficulty breathing Vomiting Diarrhoea

Constipation Abortion Stillborn or weak piglets

10 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Clinical Signs

Photo from Lithuanian State Food & Veterinary Service Recumbent

High temperature Dead pigs

11 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Clinical Signs

Reddening of the skin

12 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Clinical Signs

13 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Clinical Signs

14 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Clinical Signs

19 DPI

13 DPI

15 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Clinical Signs

Bloody diarrhoea Nasal discharge Foam in mouth/nose

16 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Differential Diagnosis • Erysipelas • Salmonella and other bacterial septicaemias • Classical swine fever • PRRS • PDNS • Poisoning

** CONTACT YOUR PRIVATE VETERINARY PRACTITIONER OR REPORT SUSPICION TO LOCAL RVO

OR DISEASE HOTLINE AT 1850 200 456**

17 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Treatment • No treatment • No vaccine • Stamping out policy currently in place • EU Legislation - Council Directive 2002/60/EC - Commission Implementing Decision 2014/709/EU as amended

18 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Prevention • Biosecurity • Movement restrictions of animals, meat, pig products etc. from ASF affected areas • Awareness campaigns for ASF

19 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Thank you for your attention!

23 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Pig farm density in Belgium

24 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

Regionalisation

25 An Roinn Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Mara | Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine

$0.10 per lb differential between quarantine and free area – equivalent to €23.00 per 120Kg pig