Age of exploration

transcript

Age of Exploration

The Discovery of a New World

Let’s look at how the Age of Let’s look at how the Age of Exploration began.Exploration began.

In order to understand how important In order to understand how important exploration was to the world, we need to go exploration was to the world, we need to go back to a time when exploration was of little back to a time when exploration was of little

importance----importance----

During theDuring the Middle Ages (500-1350),Middle Ages (500-1350), people people struggled to survive.struggled to survive.

There was constant threat from There was constant threat from outside invaders.outside invaders.

Food was scarce.Food was scarce.

Disease was rampant.Disease was rampant.

There was little leisure time to be There was little leisure time to be interested in the outside world, much interested in the outside world, much

less time to explore it.less time to explore it.

Eventually, a system developed that helped Eventually, a system developed that helped to bring stability and peace to Europe.to bring stability and peace to Europe.

FeudalismFeudalism Feudalism was a system Feudalism was a system of of loyaltyloyalty and and protection protection in the Middle Ages.in the Middle Ages.

KingKing

LordsLords

KnightsKnights

SerfsSerfs

In order to maintain power, the In order to maintain power, the King was loyal to even the serfs, King was loyal to even the serfs, for they provided food.for they provided food.

Everyone was loyal to the king Everyone was loyal to the king because he provided a place to live because he provided a place to live

and knights for protection.and knights for protection.

KingKingKingKing

LordsLordsLordsLords

KnightsKnightsKnightsKnights

SerfsSerfsSerfsSerfs

Feudal SocietyFeudal SocietyFeudal SocietyFeudal Society Feudalism worked Feudalism worked from...from...Feudalism worked Feudalism worked from...from...

top to bottomtop to bottom top to bottomtop to bottom bottom to topbottom to topbottom to topbottom to topandandandand

In 1095 Pope Urban II called In 1095 Pope Urban II called on all Christians to leave their on all Christians to leave their homes and defend their faith homes and defend their faith

by joining the Crusades.by joining the Crusades.

The CrusadesThe Crusades

The CrusadesThe Crusades were a series of wars were a series of wars fought between Christians and Muslims fought between Christians and Muslims from thefrom the 1090s-1270s1090s-1270s over control of the over control of the Holy Land.Holy Land.

The Middle The Middle EastEast

The Holy LandThe Holy Land

The Crusades were important The Crusades were important because...because...

Europeans ventured to Asia for Europeans ventured to Asia for the first time.the first time.

AsiaAsia

Effects of the CrusadesEffects of the Crusades

Europeans were introduced to Europeans were introduced to new foods and products, such as new foods and products, such as

spices and silksspices and silks

There was a renewed There was a renewed interest in trade.interest in trade.

People came into contact with others outside of People came into contact with others outside of their feudal manors. their feudal manors.

Ideas and learning became more Ideas and learning became more widespread.widespread.

““Renaissance” (1400-1600)Renaissance” (1400-1600) was a rebirth of was a rebirth of ideas and learning that had flourished in ideas and learning that had flourished in ancient Greek and Roman times.ancient Greek and Roman times.

During theDuring the RenaissanceRenaissance,, people used their people used their leisure time to create and invent wonderful leisure time to create and invent wonderful things.things.

printed printed GutenbergGutenberg books.books.

MichelangeloMichelangelo paintedpainted and sculpted.and sculpted.

magnifiedmagnifiedGalileoGalileo the heavens.the heavens.

Shakespeare Shakespeare wrote.wrote.

LeonardoLeonardo inventedinvented and paintedand painted

The height of European exploration The height of European exploration occurred during theoccurred during the RenaissanceRenaissance..

Trade With AsiaTrade With Asia

• European countries became increasingly European countries became increasingly interested in trading for the spices found in interested in trading for the spices found in AsiaAsia

• However, the journey was long and However, the journey was long and dangerousdangerous

Silk RoadSilk Road

All-Water Route to AsiaAll-Water Route to Asia

• In 1588, the Portuguese discovered an In 1588, the Portuguese discovered an all-water route to Asia.all-water route to Asia.

• This made trade easier and more This made trade easier and more profitableprofitable

• With this discovery, Portugal easily With this discovery, Portugal easily gained control of the spice trade and gained control of the spice trade and became a wealthy countrybecame a wealthy country

• This made other European countries This made other European countries want to find their own routewant to find their own route

Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus

• Christopher Columbus thought that if he Christopher Columbus thought that if he sailed west across the Atlantic, he sailed west across the Atlantic, he would reach Asiawould reach Asia

• Spain agreed to finance his journeySpain agreed to finance his journey

Columbus Continued…Columbus Continued…

• On 8/3/1492, Columbus set sail hoping to find On 8/3/1492, Columbus set sail hoping to find a western route to Asiaa western route to Asia

• On 10/12, the ships landed on an island in On 10/12, the ships landed on an island in the Caribbean Sea.the Caribbean Sea.

• Believing he had reached the Indies (islands Believing he had reached the Indies (islands in Southeast Asia), Columbus referred to the in Southeast Asia), Columbus referred to the native people as Indiansnative people as Indians

Columbus Continued…Columbus Continued…

• Columbus made three more voyages to Columbus made three more voyages to the Caribbeanthe Caribbean

• He died in 1506, completely unaware He died in 1506, completely unaware that he had reached a new worldthat he had reached a new world

Columbus’ LegacyColumbus’ Legacy

• Once it was discovered that Columbus had Once it was discovered that Columbus had reached a new world, it inspired European reached a new world, it inspired European nations to explore this new land to see if they nations to explore this new land to see if they could get richcould get rich

• This led to an era where Spain became an This led to an era where Spain became an extremely wealthy and powerful countryextremely wealthy and powerful country

• As Spain grew rich, England and France As Spain grew rich, England and France began trying to compete by exploring for began trying to compete by exploring for themselvesthemselves

This credited discovery of the New World This credited discovery of the New World occurred during theoccurred during the Renaissance Renaissance..

However, the New World was discovered even However, the New World was discovered even before the Age of Exploration.before the Age of Exploration.

There were actually three important There were actually three important discoveries of America.discoveries of America.

First Discovery of AmericaFirst Discovery of America

Native Americans migrated across Native Americans migrated across the Bering Strait on a land bridge from the Bering Strait on a land bridge from Asia, maybe as early as 70,000 years Asia, maybe as early as 70,000 years ago.ago.

Leif Ericsson and the Vikings Leif Ericsson and the Vikings landed in far North America in landed in far North America in about 1,000 A.D. about 1,000 A.D.

Second Discovery of AmericaSecond Discovery of America

In 1492 Christopher Columbus In 1492 Christopher Columbus discovered the New World. Columbus discovered the New World. Columbus thought he was in India, but actually thought he was in India, but actually he had reached the New World. He he had reached the New World. He did not set foot on North America, but did not set foot on North America, but his discovery ushered in the Age of his discovery ushered in the Age of Exploration.Exploration.

Third Discovery of AmericaThird Discovery of America

Explorer Hall of FameExplorer Hall of Fame

A few explorers who A few explorers who made a difference.made a difference.

Prince Henry the Navigator- Prince Henry the Navigator- Portugal Portugal

Prince Henry never explored, but he was Prince Henry never explored, but he was instrumental in promoting exploration by:instrumental in promoting exploration by:

financing many voyages for financing many voyages for Portugal.Portugal.

starting a school for navigation starting a school for navigation at Sagres that initiated many at Sagres that initiated many advancements in sailingadvancements in sailing..

Amerigo Vespucci- Amerigo Vespucci- ItalyItaly

Amerigo followed Columbus’s Amerigo followed Columbus’s route to the New World. He route to the New World. He wrote to a friend that he had wrote to a friend that he had indeed discovered a new indeed discovered a new continent.continent.

From the name From the name “Amerigo” we get…“Amerigo” we get…

The Conquistadors- The Conquistadors- SpainSpain

The conquistadors were the The conquistadors were the Spanish conquerors who were Spanish conquerors who were looking for thelooking for the “Three G’s”“Three G’s”......

goldgold

God God

gloryglory

Two of the most famous were:Two of the most famous were:

Hernan Cortes who conquered Hernan Cortes who conquered the Aztecs in Mexico.the Aztecs in Mexico.

Francisco Pizarro who Francisco Pizarro who conquered the Incas in Peru.conquered the Incas in Peru.

Sir Frances Drake- Sir Frances Drake- EnglandEnglandDrake was a famous English “Sea Drake was a famous English “Sea Dog” who raided ships of the Dog” who raided ships of the Spanish Armada. Eventually, he Spanish Armada. Eventually, he helped defeat the Armada.helped defeat the Armada.

Drake was the first Englishman to Drake was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the world.circumnavigate the world.

Age of exploration

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