Agro ecology Transition in

Myanmar March,7-8

2016 Kyin Kyin Win,Ph.D

Deputy Director Plant Protection Division

Department of Agriculture

THE UNION OF REPUBLIC OF MYANMAR

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND IRRIGATION

Geographic Location

• Myanmar is situated on the Southeast

Asia and Greater Maekong Sub- region

• The total arable land is 676,577 square

kilometer

• Myanmar shares a land boundary of

5,858 km with five neighboring

countries

• Bangladesh and India on the

northwest

• China on the northeast

• Laos and Thailand on the southeast.

How much we have population?

70% of people resides in

rural area (41.39 million)

What is the population

growth? (1.1%)

GDP at constant

price(kyats in billion) –

6291.14

GDP at current price(kyats

in billion) – 9957.06 (2009-

10)

• 51.7 Million

New vision for agriculture strives to harness

the power of agriculture on food security,

political stability, environmental sustainability,

and economic opportunity

Agriculture can better fulfill especially the

rural most basic social needs and income

security, and thus the rural poverty incidence

to halve in 2015. (The majority of the poor

live in rural areas, relying on agriculture for

their livelihood)

Vision

Institutional-setup of the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation

Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation (MoAI)

WRUD DoA ID AMD SLRD DAP MADB DAR SD YAU DOICD

DAP- Department of Agricultural Planning DOA-Department of Agriculture ID-Irrigation Department AMD-Agricultural Mechanization Development SLRD-Settlement and Land Records Department WRUD-Water Resources Utilization Department MADB-Myanma Agricultural Development Bank

DAR-Department of Agriculture Research SD-Survey Department YAU-Yezin Agricultural University DOICD-Dept. of Industrial Crops Development JFD-Jute and Fibre Division CSD-Cotton and Sericulture Division ScD-Sugarcane Division PCFD-Perennial Crops and Farms Division

Main objective of Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation

• Seed Production

• Training & Education

• Research & Development

Main objective of Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation

• Increase of safety crop production

• Increase the incomes of farmers through increase of safety crop production

• Become to zero hunger

net sown 17.5%

fallow land 0.6%

cultivable waste land

7.9%

reserved forest 27.1%

other forest 22.5%

other land 24.4%

Land Utilization in 2011-12

Department of Agriculture (DoA)

DoA

Admin Land Use Account Seed Plant Protection

Rice

Horticulture & Biotechnology

Nine Divisions under the DoA

Extension

State Agriculture Institute

Objectives of Agriculture Sector

• Prior to fulfill the needs of local consumption

• Export of more surplus of agricultural products for the increase of foreign exchange earnings

• Assistance to rural development through agricultural development

Priority Areas for Myanmar Agriculture Development

1. Quality seed production and distribution

2. Systematic and synchronized application of agrochemical

3. Value-added production in agriculture and increase of agro-based industries

4. Conventional farming to mechanized farming

5. Rain-fed conventional farming to irrigated farming

6. Research and development in agriculture

7. Domestic and foreign investment

8. Accuracy of agricultural statistics

9. Sustainable market

10. agricultural laws and regulations

11. information and media

12

ROLE OF MOAI IN R & D

LOSSES BY LACK OF POST HARVEST TECHNOLOGY

• Total production of paddy (Mil. MT) 30 • Total production of Rice (Mil. MT) 18 • Total Rice loss (Mil.MT) 1.8 (10% by lack of post-

harvest technology) • Total production of legumes (Mil. MT) 8.58 • Total legumes loss (Mil. MT) 0.6 (7% by lack of post-harvest

technology)

14

Key Factors for development of

Agricultural Productivity

1. Creating profitable and sustainable market for farmers

2. Utilization of good quality seeds to produce quality

products with higher prices

3. Encouraging the emergence of private seed producing

companies

4. Adoption of Good Agricultural Practices

5. Application of agricultural inputs such as irrigation water,

chemical and natural fertilizers efficiently and timely

6. Reduction of transactional costs along the supply chains

Unawareness for GAP

• Composting in production

site

• Over use of insecticide

application

• Un-precautionary measure

of worker health

• Mix and Overloading

• Loading in different

commodities

• Poor quality

• Poor hygiene

Training Program for GAP

• Zone

• Crop Priority

• Different Audience

Staff

Farmer

Collector

Retailer

Trader

Steps need in GAP

Site Management

Planting Material

Irrigation

IPM

Organic Farming

Harvesting & Handling

Sorting

Packaging

Transporting

Personal Hygiene

ASEAN GAP Modules

Produce quality Environmental management

Food safety Worker’s health, safety, welfare

Food Security and Food Safety

• Food security is essential for increasing population in future

• Food safety for healthy consumption of people

• Good Agriculture Practice (GAP) as well as organic farming

especially for fruits and vegetables which are potential for export

market

• To upgrade existing pesticide analytical laboratory for food safety

• To enhance the capacity of staffs who are working in this

laboratory for SPS measure and quarantine procedure

Nutrition of Food

22 D/GAP/GAP ppt

• Food Safety Module

Pesticide Residue Test

Emergence of Adults from Infested fruits

Fruit fly Management system for export Mango

Bactrocera dorsalis

Bactrocera correcta

Emerged Fruit Flies Species from Mangoes

Fruit fly Management system for export Mango

Activities in the Laboratory

Fruit fly Management system for export Mango

D/GAP/GAP ppt 27

• Produce Quality Module

• Workers’ health, Safety and Welfare Module

Good Agriculture Practices in Pre and Post-Harvest Time

Rice processing system in Myanmar

Small ware house and cold storage to be used in field

Whole sale Market

The scope of Myanmar GAP

• Covers the production, harvesting, post harvest handling of fruit and vegetables on farm and also they are handled to sale

စစစစ စစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစ စစ စစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစ စစ စစစစစစစစ

နနနနနန -------------------------------------

နနနန

နန နနန

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နနနနနနနနနနနန နနနန နနနနနနနနနန နနနနနနနနနနနနနနနန နနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနန နနနန နနနနနန

န နန နန နနနနနနနနန နနနနန

နန နန န နနနနနနနနနနနနနနန နနနနနနနနန နန နနန နန န နနနနနန နန/န နနနနန ------------------ နနန

-----------------နနနနနနန နန ----------------- န နနနနနနနနနနနန ----------------န နနနနနနနနန န နနနနနန နန/

န နနနနနန န နနနနနနနန န ---------------နနနနနနနနနနန န-------------- နနနန န---------------နန န နနန

-----------------နနနနနနနနန နနနန နနနနနနနနနန နနနနနနနနနနနနနနနန နနနနနနနနနနနနန နနနန နနနနနနန နန နန နနန

နနနန နနနနနနန နနနနန န နနနန န နနနနန နနနနနနနနနနနန နနနနန နန နနနနနနနနနနန

န န နနနန န -----------------------------------

နနနန ---------------------------------------

နနန နနနနန နနနနနန န ----------------------------

န န နနနန နနနနန နနနနန ------------------------

----------------------------------------------

နနနနနနနနနန န ----------------------------------

GAP Application form

နနနနနနန …………..……………

-------------------------------- န နနနနနနနနနန နန/နနနနနန န -------------------------- နနနနနနန နန

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န နနနနနနနန န ---------------န နနနနနနနနနနန န --------------- နနနန န ------------- နန နန

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နနနနန န န နနနန နနနနနနန နန နန နနနန နနနနနနနန နနနနန နနန နနနနန GAP နနနနနနန နနနနန န နနနန န

န နန နနနနန နနန နနနနန

(နန နနန)

GAP နနနနနနန နနနနန န နနနန န

န နန နနနနနနနနနနနန

နနနန နနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနန

စစစ စစစ စစစစစစ စစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ စစစ စစစစစ

စ စ စစ စစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ စ စစစစစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစ

စစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ

GAP စ စ စစ စစစ စစစစစ စ စစစစ စစ စစ စစစစစစစစ စစစစ

Prepared GAP Certification form

Environment Management Module

To Reduce the usage of agrochemical

Sanitation Irrigation System

Barrier Plants

Natural Enemies •Rich diversity of natural enemies

•> 46% eggs eaten by predators

•>18% eggs parasitized

•Many larval parasites and generalists predators

KLH

Natural Enemies

Farmer’s Friend/Cobbler’s pegs

(Bidens pilosa)

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

Butter daisy (Melampodium divaricatium)

Sesame (Sesamum indicum)

Chinese Wedelia (Wedelia chinensis )

Mung bean (Vigna radiata)

Natural Enemy/wasp

Perform the Pilot release of Trichogramma to

the fields

Visibility of training to the farmers

MM national farmers’day/2nd March 2015

in NayPyiTaw

Sharing Knowledge to People

Staff awareness

Public Awareness

Constraint to agroecology transition

Needs to encourage of (MoAI )

Awareness of any stakeholder

Future Plan of agro ecology transition in Myanmar

New Government is Coming