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AIT Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005
Major Highlights of EB Decisions on Developments of CDM Projects
Ram M. Shrestha, Sudhir Sharma, Suparno Majamdar and S. Kumar
Asian Institute of TechnologyKlong Luang, Pathumthani
Thailand
19th October 2005
AIT Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005
Agenda
CDM Project activity status
Status on CDM methodology approval
Designated operational entities
Afforestation and Reforestation (A&R) projects
Large scale projects
Small scale projects (SSC)
Registration of CDM project activities
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
CDM Project activity Status As of 30th September 2005
Total number of Projects currently under Validation process 308
Total number of Projects validated till date 248
Out of which number of small scale projects 110
Projects currently being validated 60
Out of which number of small scale projects 24
Total number of projects under Registration process 42
Number of projects under (registration) review 2
Number of projects currently under consideration for registration 15
Number of projects already registered 26
Of which number of small scale projects 14
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Registered CDM Projects (1) – As of 13th Oct 2005
Region wise distribution of CER's
S Asia42.42%
SE Asia, China & Korea
19.58%
Africa0.48%
S America32.86%
Pacific Islands0.34%
N&C America4.33%
2
6
1
87
2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Number of Projects Registered
Africa N&CAmerica
Pacif icIslands
S America S Asia SE Asia,China &Korea
Region
Region wise Distribution of Registered Projects (as of 13th Oct 2005)
South America& South Asia
leading the pack(>60%)Closely followed byCentral Americas
South Asia& South Amecica
accounting for 75%of CER’s.HFC project in Korea
propelling that region’sCER’s.
Total Number of Registered projects: 26Location of projects: India (5), Honduras (4), Chile (4), Brazil (2), Korea (2), Others (9)
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Registered CDM Projects (2) – As of 13th Oct 2005
Technology wise Distribution of CER's - Registered Projects
MSW30.12%
HFC59.10%
Fuel Switch0.26%
EE0.09%
RE3.86%
RE - Biomass0.77%
Cogen0.30%
AWMS5.51%
Most RegisteredProjects are in
Renewable energy orMSW categories
HFC generates max. CER due to high GWP.MSW – High potential
area
Technologies used in Registered Projects
Technology wise distribution of Registered projects
3
1 1 1
2
6
10
2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
AWMS Cogen EE FuelSwitch
HFC MSW RE RE -Biomass
Technology
Nu
mb
er o
f P
ro
jects
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
CDM Project activity Status (2)
Region-wise distribution of projects
C Asia2%
Africa4%
S Asia24%
SE Asia & China & Korea
17%
Pacific Islands1%
N & C America14%
S America38%
Based on 237 projects submitted to EB as of 13th Sep 2005 (includes registered, validated, under validation, under review).
Total CER estimated fromthe submitted 237 projects
is 53.54 Millions
Region-wise distribution of CER's
Africa2%
SE Asia & China & Korea30%
Pacific Islands1%
S Asia20%
C Asia1%
N & C America12%
S America34%
Brazil, India, China, Mexico & Honduras main contributors to their respective regions
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Current CDM Project activity Status (3)
Technology -World-w ide Project Distribution
Waste Heat - E2.53%
HFC1.69%
Transport0.42%
EE4.64%
Fuel Switch4.64%
RE - Biomass6.75%
Cogeneration15.19%
CH4 - Leak Reduction
1.27%
N2O Reduction0.84%
RE - Wind / Hydro / GT /
Solar30.80%
MSW & AWMS31.22%
Total number of projects considered: 237 (as of 13th September 2005)
Technology - World-wide CER Distribution
RE - Biomass1.26%
Cogeneration3.64%
CH4 - Leak Reduction
1.37%
Fuel Switch2.44%
EE0.43%
Waste Heat - E2.94%
Transport0.01%
HFC22.38%
MSW & AWMS25.92%RE - Wind /
Hydro / GT / Solar
11.38%
N2O Reduction28.23%
1) MSW & AWMs projects dominatingS.American scene.
2) HFC & N2O projects have high CERs due to their high GWP
3) Cogen projects –mainly in Brazil & India
4) Wind – China5) Hydro – Central & South America
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Status of CDM methodology approval (1) Large scale emission reduction CDM projects
Total number of New Methodologies submitted for approval: 132 Out of which methodologies approved : 24
• The Approved methodologies (AMs) (for Large Scale Projects) are under the following Sectors
Sector Scope No. of AMs
Renewable energy based electricity generation 5
Cogeneration 2
Landfill gas capture 9
Fugitive emissions 2
Fugitive emissions (Halocarbons & sulphur) 1
Demand side energy efficiency 3
Industrial process (Fuel switching) 1
Chemical Industries 1
Total 24
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Status of CDM methodology approval (2)
Total number of Approved Consolidated Methodologies – 6 They are under sectoral scopes of
Landfill gas projects– Grid connected electricity generation from RE – Grid connected electricity generation from Biomass
Residues– Partial substitution of fossil fuels by alternative fuels in
Cement production– Waste gas and / or heat utilization for power generation– Increasing blend in Cement production
A&R CDM projects Methodologies submitted for approval – 13 Approved till date – none
Small scale CDM projects Approved methodologies till date- 15
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Status of CDM Methodology approval process (3)
The Small scale (SSC) AMs are under the Sectoral scopes of -
Sectoral Scope No. of AM
Energy (Elec., Mech., Thermal) for the user 3
RE generation for grid 1
Energy Efficiency 6
Agriculture 1
Fuel Switching 1
Low GHG emitting vehicles 1
Methane avoidance & recovery 2
Total 15
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Designated Operational Entities
Applicant entities (AEs) Number of AE’s Allowed to submit New Methodologies: 26
• 4 from Non-Annex I countries (2 Korean and 2 South American)
Total number of DOEs operating currently: 11
Only 2 of them are approved to undertake certification, rest all are approved only for validation.
(http://cdm.unfccc.int/DOE/list gives a list of DOEs and their sectoral scopes)
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
A&R Projects (1)
On New Methodologies Methodologies should be stand alone – clear separation
should exist between PDD and NMB (EB 18) Additionality assessment (EB 18)
• No common practice step required.• Should include either, a barrier or an investment analysis.
EB “inviting” project participants to include methods for demonstrating eligibility of lands for A&R projects (EB 18).
Developing a new form for screening new methodologies (EB 18)
(Source:http://cdm.unfccc.int/EB/Meetings/018/eb18repan5.pdf )
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Under consideration by the EB are:
Draft version of the tool for demonstrating the additionality of A&R project activitiesNot required for small-scale A/R project activities
Tool for accounting of non-CO2 emissions, including emissions from sources existing before the implementation of a project activity.
Approaches for assessment of uncertainties in proposed new baseline and monitoring methodologies
The form for submitting new monitoring methodologies (CDM-AR-NMM) & new baseline methodologies (CDM-AR-NBM) for A&R projects will be revised to incorporate provisions relating to the monitoring of social and environmental impacts.
A&R Projects (2)
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Large Scale CDM projects (1)
Revision of Approved methodology (AM) – EB21
AM requiring significant changes to be “put on hold” – can’t be used during hold period
Project activities that have already used the above AM should submit projects for registration within 4 weeks of “put on hold” date.
The above revisions of the AM• shall only be applicable to project activities registered after the date of
revision.
• shall not affect registered CDM project activities during their crediting period.
Procedure for approval of revision of AM same as New Methodology (NM).• EB to decide whether public inputs are to be invited
Project proponents can submit proposals for revision on AM to EB (through DOE).
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Other EB decisions -
For project activities temporarily resulting in “negative emission reductions” in a given year - CERs will only be issued when the emissions increase has been compensated by subsequent emission reductions by the project activity. (EB 21)
Any proposed project activity intending to use a New Baseline or New Monitoring Methodology, should submit a NM first followed by the submission of PDD. (EB 20)
For project activities requesting Retroactive Credits (EB 19)
Project participants will have to (for assessing additionality) consider the information that was available at the time when the decision was made to undertake the project activity. (EB 19)
For calculation of baseline emissions, the most recent information, corresponding to the vintage of data appropriate to the project, which is available at the validation stage shall be used. (EB 20)
Large Scale CDM projects (2)
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Small Scale CDM (SSC) projects (1)
Amendment to baseline methodology (EB18) For Type I (Renewable energy projects)
• If the unit added has both renewable and non-renewable components (e.g. a wind/diesel unit), the eligibility limit of 15 MW for a SSC project activity applies only to the renewable component.
For Category I.C (Thermal energy for user)• For co-generation systems and/or co-fired systems to qualify
under this category, energy output cannot exceed 45 MW-thermal.
For Category III.D (Methane recovery)• The monitoring of methane captured and flared should be
based on metering and methane content analysis.
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Eligibility as small scale projects where emission reductions of a proposed project are increasing during credit period.
If a project activity goes beyond the limit of its type in any year of the crediting period, the project can claim only the maximum CER estimated in the CDM-PDD for that year.
Project participants are required to demonstrate in the CDM-SSC-PDD that the characteristics of the project activity are defined in a way that precludes project activities to go beyond the limits for each category. The limits are:
– For Type I (RE): 15 MW installed capacity,– For Type II (EE): efficiency improvements <=15 GWh every year
throughout the crediting period;– For Type III (Other project activities): annual emissions <=15
ktCO2e over the entire crediting period.
Small Scale CDM (SSC) projects (2)
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Small Scale CDM (SSC) projects (3)
Amendments of the simplified modalities and procedures for small-scale CDM project activities. SSC WG is to :
Develop guidelines for SSC-PDD, similar to the guidelines available for the CDMPDD, to facilitate submissions.
Make recommendations for bundled project activities of:– the same type, same category and technology/measure.– the same type, same category and different technologies
/measures.
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Small Scale CDM (SSC) projects (4)
Bundling of ProjectsOnce a project activity becomes part of a bundle
for a project cycle stage, it shall not be de-bundled during that stage. EB may consider debundling in exceptional situations.
The composition of bundles cannot change over time.
All project activities in the bundle will have the same crediting period.
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Registration of Unilateral CDM project activities (1)
Unilateral CDM (UCDM) projects can be registered. (The registration of a project activity can take place without an Annex I Party being involved during its registration).
CER’s from UCDM projects can be transferred to Annex I party after the project’s registration.
Non Annex-I Party
Annex-I Party
EB/CDM RegistryCER’s Annex-I NationalRegistry
CER payments
CER’s
CER’sRegisteredUnilateral
project
Letter of Approval
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT
Asian Regional Workshop on “Capacity Development for CDM”19 – 21st October 2005AIT