Alabama Best Management Practices for Forestry Alabama’s Best Management Practices for Forestry...

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Alabama Best Management Practices for Forestry

Alabama’s Best Management

Practices for Forestry

Alabama’s Best Management

Practices for Forestry

“… are voluntary guidelines to help maintain and protect the

physical chemical and biological integrity of waters of the state.”

“… are voluntary guidelines to help maintain and protect the

physical chemical and biological integrity of waters of the state.”

BMPs are Designed to reduce and/or prevent

NPS Pollution.

BMPs are Designed to reduce and/or prevent

NPS Pollution.Sediment (loose soil particles)

Organic materials (tree tops and limbs)

Temperature (caused by the removal of shade)

Pesticides and Nutrients (herbicides & fertilizers)

Sediment (loose soil particles)

Organic materials (tree tops and limbs)

Temperature (caused by the removal of shade)

Pesticides and Nutrients (herbicides & fertilizers)

ResponsibilityResponsibility

LandownersForest resource managersTimber purchasersLoggersVendors

“… all those involved in the authorization, planning and implementation of forestry operations.”

There are 7 Individual BMPsThere are 7 Individual BMPs

1. Streamside Management Zones2. Stream Crossings3. Forest Roads4. Timber Harvesting5. Reforestation /Stand

Management6. Forested Wetland Mgt.7. Revegetation/Stabilization

There are 7 Individual BMPs1. Streamside Management

Other names for Streamside Management Zones (SMZs):Other names for Streamside Management Zones (SMZs):

• Leave Strips• Buffer Zones• Wildlife Corridors• Riparian Zones• Hardwood

Stringers

• Leave Strips• Buffer Zones• Wildlife Corridors• Riparian Zones• Hardwood

Stringers

Streamside Management Zones

Things to Consider:Things to Consider:

•Width should vary (min. 35 feet)•Protect from destabilization•Maintain shade and organic recruitment•Maintain forest floor•Control: logging debris, mech. operations, pesticides, fertilizers, trash

SMZ IllustrationSMZ Illustration

Harvesting in a SMZ should be done so as to protect the forest floor & understory veg. from damage.

2. Stream Crossings2. Stream Crossings

• Avoid crossing streams if possible• Use the fewest number as possible• Locate and construct with least

damage• Install at right angles to stream• Remove temporary crossings• Stabilize and maintain permanent

crossings

• Avoid crossing streams if possible• Use the fewest number as possible• Locate and construct with least

damage• Install at right angles to stream• Remove temporary crossings• Stabilize and maintain permanent

crossings

Log CrossingsLog Crossings

CulvertsCulverts

Make fill over a culvert the high spot in the crossing.

Use adequate

Proper Installation Is CriticalProper Installation Is Critical• Place culvert on

stream bottom; do not dig out

• Culvert should have 2-3% pitch downstream

• Compact lower half of fill during installation

• Provide for stream overflow away from culvert fill to prevent blowouts

• Place culvert on stream bottom; do not dig out

• Culvert should have 2-3% pitch downstream

• Compact lower half of fill during installation

• Provide for stream overflow away from culvert fill to prevent blowouts

Forded Stream CrossingsForded Stream Crossings

A geoweb ford, when properly installed can be a good alternative to a culvert in the right situation.

Bridges create the least disruption to stream flowBridges create the least

disruption to stream flow

Portable bridges can be used for temporary stream

crossings

Portable bridges can be used for temporary stream

crossings

3. Forest Roads3. Forest Roads

• Proper planning and location is key

• Avoid problem areas• Minimize soil exposure• Stabilize exposed soil• Close temporary roads• Maintain permanent

roads• DRAINAGE,

DRAINAGE

• Proper planning and location is key

• Avoid problem areas• Minimize soil exposure• Stabilize exposed soil• Close temporary roads• Maintain permanent

roads• DRAINAGE,

DRAINAGEEx: Crowned road

Turnout ditches should be installedTurnout ditches should be installed

• 3% slope = 235’

• 5% slope = 180’

• 10% slope = 140’

• 15% slope = 125’

• 3% slope = 235’

• 5% slope = 180’

• 10% slope = 140’

• 15% slope = 125’

4. Timber Harvesting4. Timber Harvesting

• Develop a harvesting plan

• Location of landings

• Felling direction• Proper skid trails• Harvesting system• Trash disposal

• Develop a harvesting plan

• Location of landings

• Felling direction• Proper skid trails• Harvesting system• Trash disposal

Things to Consider:

Selecting the right harvesting system is critical Selecting the right harvesting system is critical

5. Reforestation /Stand Management

5. Reforestation Stand Mgt. includes recommendations on:5. Reforestation Stand Mgt. includes recommendations on:

• Mech. site prep (subsoiling on contour)

• Chemical site prep (follow label)

• Prescribed burning (stabilize firelines)

• Tree planting (machine planting should be done on contour)

Mech. site prep (subsoiling on contour)Mech. site prep (subsoiling on contour)

Prescribed burning (stabilize firelines)Prescribed burning (stabilize firelines)

6. Forested Wetland Mgt.6. Forested Wetland Mgt.

7. Revegetation / Stabilization. includes recommendations on:

• Site preparation• Applying limestone & fertilizer• Plant species

recommendations• Mulching• Vegetative establishment

• Site preparation• Applying limestone & fertilizer• Plant species

recommendations• Mulching• Vegetative establishment

7. Revegetation / Stabilization.

QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?

Alabama Best Management Practices for Forestry Alabama’s Best Management Practices for Forestry...

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