All Saints Day Prayer (Lit. of the Hours)

Father, All-Powerful and ever-living God,

today we rejoice in the holy men and women

of every time and place.May their prayers bring us your forgiveness and loveWe ask this in the name of

Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen

Announcements • HW: Finish Review

Worksheets• Exam on Tuesday

November 10th !! • Christmas Cards• Pray for Brittany

Palmer

Chapter 4 ConcludedChapter 5

St. Hilary • Latin Church Father • Athanasius of the

West • Fought Arianism • Heretics: followers of

Christianity who were trying to explain the same ideas, but in different terms

THE THREE CAPPADOCIANS

St. Basil the Great • Community life is essential • Teachings = Greek Church legislation • Father of Eastern Monasticism • Fought Arianism • “if people only took what they needed,

there would be no rich or poor.”

St. Basil• Worked for clerical

rights• Saw that Priests

were properly trained

• Provided for the spiritual and material needs of the laity

• Built a social system of hospitals and social service institutions

• Divine Liturgy

St. Gregory of Nazianzus• Five Theological

Orations = Third person of the Trinity

• Against Arianism • “Gregory Bishop”

St. Gregory of Nyssa

• Became monk after wife died

• On Virginity• Attacked Arianism/

“Theotokos”

Pope St. Leo the Great d. 461• Consolidated Papal

Power (NT)• Gained Papal

Jurisdiction (West)• “First Pope”(modern)

St. Augustine of Hippo • Mother =

Christian • Father = pagan • Studied Law • Student of

rhetoric (Cicero) • Manichaeists

St. Augustine of Hippo

Found Difficult: - The Bible - Origin of

Evil

Left Manichaeism after questions went unanswered

St. Augustine “My heart will not rest until it rests in You.”

Augustine’s Most Important Works

• City of God • Confessions

CHAPTER 5Light in the Dark Ages

PART I The Collapse of the Roman Empire

The Fall of Rome • Began in 410 AD • Empire NOT

completely Christianized

• Loss of civil system

• Rome fell to the Barbarians

The Barbarians:

• Brought primitive justice/ Religion

• Lacked moral codes • Social understanding

countered the Church’s

Fall of Rome: Impact on the Church

• No scholarship = illiteracy • Roads became unsafe = stop to

evangelization • Primitive religious practices = Christians

began to act (again) like pagans

Church Structure• Modeled after the Empire• Christianity and Empire =

intertwined

• Barbarian invasions changed these views

Germanic Tribes

The Germanic Tribes

• Diverse/ divided culture

• Same language• Agrarian Society • Encouraged by

Romans to settle along the boarder of Rome

The Goths

• Visigoths/ Ostrogoths• First to invade the

Empire

Ulphilas: Apostle to the Goths

• Translated Bible into Gothic

• Ordained Bishop• Converted

Goths/Vandals to Arianism

The Franks

• Clovis (Chieftain)• First to convert to Christianity

The Huns• Ruthless/ferocious• Took Romans/Germanic

Tribes by surprise

Attila the Hun • “The Scourge of God”• Brave warrior• Skilled Diplomat • Ruthless• Left Rome after

meeting Pope St. Leo

Church’s Interpretation of Barbarian Invasions:• Church is Universal • Established independence

from Rome• Had to alter evangelization

techniques • Monasticism = access to the

people

Christian Attitudes Towards the Barbarian Invasions:

• Discouraged• Christ was about

to Return • Just punishment

for their sins

PART II

The Rise of Monasticism

Monasticism • Prayer• Self-denial • Seclusion from the world• Living under a fixed rule

with professed vows

Monastic Communities

• Withdrew from the world in order to seek God through asceticism and silence.

• Asceticism: life characterized by the absence of worldly pleasures

Two Types of Monasticism: • Eremitical: hermit • Cenobitical: community life

St. Paul of Thebes

• First Hermit • Anchorite (solitary

monk)• Desert Father

(wanted to be inaccessible)

St. Anthony• Gave away all

possessions • “do not be anxious

about tomorrow” (Matthew 6:34)

• Offered self as a martyr to Diocletian

• Fled further into the desert (solitude)

• Athanasius: Biography

Monasteries Served As: • A source of great spiritual strength• Seminaries for priests and bishops • Centers of evangelization to the

barbarian tribes

The Effect of Monasteries on Europe:

• Recovery and evangelization of rural society

• Intellectual• Civilization

St. Benedict: The “Patriarch of Western Monasticism”

• Desert Monk • Abbot • Great Healer • Organized

monasteries

Benedictine Rule

• Chanting the Psalms and reading prayers in the community (four hours)

• Private Prayer and Scriptural reading (four hours)

• Physical Labor (six hours)

• Meals and sleep (ten hours)

Pope St. Gregory The Great

• Last of Latin Doctors• Abbot • Deacon of Rome • Nuncio • Pope – made peace with Lombards

without consent

PART IIIThe Rise of Islam

Islam • Muhammed/ Archangel Gabriel • Hagar (Ishmael)

Five Pillars of Islam

• The Shahada• Prayer • Zakah: (alms) • The Hajj:

Mecca• Ramadan