Analyzing Civilizations: The Beginnings of Architecture

Applications of Technology

Why is architecture necessary?

FIRST SIGNS OF ARCHITECTURE

Humans have a need for shelter.

During the Stone Age(300,000 BC) or

PaleolithicEra, dwellings were

madefrom stakes pushed into the ground

FIRST SIGNS OF ARCHITECTURE

In the Mesolithic Era(15,000-10,000 BC), humans

begandraping animal hides over

bones andstakes.What does this tell you abouthumans?

Man hunted animals not only to

create food but also to create shelter.

Mankind was nomadic based on its dependency on

animals and wild cereal for food.

FIRST SIGNS OF ARCHITECTURE

humans relied less on hunting and gathering and

more on Agriculture: the domestication of

animals and growing of crops.

Architecture also became necessary because

FIRST SIGNS OF ARCHITECTURE

Neolithic Age (5000-2000BC).The ancient city ofJericho was one of

thefirst established

cities.

Humans became less nomadic during the

What was the purpose of these buildings?

Tombs for deceased pharoahsWhat material was used in pyramid construction?

Stone

EARLY ARCHITECTURE

Stone was the material most readily available at the time.

EARLY ARCHITECTURE

Parthenon – Athens, Greece

Buildings began to gain status as well as becoming symbols of permanence and stability.

Roman Colosseum

EARLY CIVIL ENGINEERING

Great Wall of China Roman Aqueducts; Nime, France

EARLY CIVIL ENGINEERING

Pons Sublicius (wood construction)

Pons Aemilius

Pons Sublicius (wood construction)

THE RENAISSANCE

Palladio’s Villa Rotunda

What was the Renaissance?The Renaissance was the point in time (starting in 1420) where people tried torevive Classical Civilization (Ancient Greece & Rome).

MEDIEVAL TIMESTwo events during Medieval Times affected

Architecture as we know it today.

• The bubonic plague:epidemic spread by

rats• King Henry VIII

beingexcommunicated from

thechurch: the split of

churchand state

Cathedral of Notre Dame

Paris, France

What were these events?

We begin to see more of an emphasis on the individual. People began to rely on Rationalism:

Belief that truth is discovered through reason and logic

Studying nature to create laws governing human behavior

How did King Henry VIII beingexcommunicated from the Church and

theBubonic Plague affect Architecture?

The Industrial Revolution began in England. People began working for a profit. The major change during this time was innovation in materials:

Iron and Glass: cheaper than stone

Builders used their newly found belief in logic and reason to deduce that they could construct buildings with lighter yet stronger materials.

How did King Henry VIII beingexcommunicated from the Church and

theBubonic Plague affect Architecture?