Post on 02-Jan-2016
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Ancient River Civilizations
WHI SOL Part II
Name the Civilizations
?
?? ?
Huang He
What is the time period in which these early river valleys
existed?
3500-1500 BCE
Since these river valley civilizations are the
birthplaces of civilizations, what is their nickname?
The Cradles of Civilizations
What did these river valleys have to offer for farmers
Rich Fertile soil
To help bring water to their crops farmers used this
method
Irrigation
Between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers was a fertile
plain known as
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia had advanced cities. Each of these cities were
independent with their own leaders. What do we call these
type of cities?
City-states
These city states had a centralized government. At
first they were run by people who had religious
authority. Who were these people?
Priests
Religion was a major part of life in all early civilizations. Each of
the civilizations believed in many gods. What is a term for
this?
polytheism
Military leaders would soon take over the city states. They would
come to be known as
Monarchs or Kings
Hereditary lines of kings would be known as
Dynasties
Around 3000 B.C. the scribes in Mesopotamia invented a
system of writing to record their business transactions. They wrote on moist clay
tablets with a stylus made out from a sharpened reed. What
do we call this writing?
Cuneiform
The people in Mesopotamia began using this metal rather than copper and stone to make tools and
weapons?
Bronze
By bringing together the peoples and nations of northern and southern
Mesopotamia, Sargon of Akkad created the world’s first-
Empire
What is an empire?
Several people from different lands, nations, or previously independent states
under the control of one ruler.
The Babylonian Empire would emerge in Mesopotamia. The first king of the
Babylonian empire inscribed laws on 8 foot tall stone tablets and placed them throughout his empire. Who was he?
Hammurabi
What were his laws known as?
Hammurabi’s Code
An important idea of law from Hammurabi's Code
was
Eye for an Eye, Tooth for a Tooth
This river flowed
through the
Egyptian civilization
The Nile
The area of the Nile River that emptied into the Mediterranean
Sea was rich in soil deposits. What was this land known as?
Nile Delta
The writing of the ancient Egyptians is
Hieroglyphics
Egyptians dominated these people to the south for 1000
years (2000 to 1000 BCE)
Nubia
As Egypt fell into decline around 1000 B.C., this Nubian kingdom began emerging as a
regional power?
The kingdom of Kush
After the Kushites lost Egypt to the Assyrians they retreated from
Egypt and prospered for several centuries in this city?
Meroë
Meroë would become a major center for the manufacture of weapons and tools made from
this metal
iron
What is the area highlighted in Green called?
What is the area highlighted in Green called?
The Fertile Crescent
According to the Jewish scriptures, this man was
spoken to by a God named Yahweh.
Abraham
Abram accepted this offer, and the b'rit (covenant) between God and the Jewish people was established. (Gen. 12).
Yahweh told Abraham he was the one and only God. This was very different as all other people believed in many gods. What do you call people who
only believe in one God?
Monotheistic
The scriptures say that Yahweh then told Abraham to leave Mesopotamia and go to this
land
Canaan
Abraham left with his family for Canaan. Canaan was between the Jordan River and this Sea
The Mediterranean
Sea
Abraham had many descendants. His people
would become known as the
Hebrews
So, who is the “Father of the Hebrew People”?
Abraham
Abram accepted this offer, and the b'rit (covenant) between God and the Jewish people was established. (Gen. 12).
The first five books of the Hebrew Bible are known as
The Torah
Due to a drought, the Hebrews would leave
Canaan and go to this land
Egypt
In Egypt, the Hebrews would eventually become
Slaves
The Hebrew scriptures said that Yahweh told this man to
lead the Hebrew people out of Egypt.
Moses
What was this event known as?
The Exodus
The Jewish celebration of the Exodus is called
Passover
During this time the Hebrew scriptures say that Moses received these moral and
religious laws from Yahweh
The Ten Commandments
Moses would lead the Hebrews through the desert
for 40 years until they would return to this
“Promised Land”
Canaan
The Hebrews would eventually return to Canaan, the land Yahweh had promised to
Abraham. The land would come to be known as
Israel
David, one of the first Hebrew kings, united the tribes of Israel and established this city as its
capital.
Jerusalem
Israel would eventually split into two kingdoms. Israel and
Judah. Based on the name Judah, the Hebrews would
come to be known as
The Jews
The Religion of the Jews would become known as
Judaism
The Babylonians took the wealthier Jews as prisoners, and then brought them to Babylon, where they could keep an eye on them. This period was known as the
Babylonian Captivity or this
The Exile
Who were the people that lived north of Israel?
The Phoenicians
The Phoenicians developed this writing system in which letters
represent sounds
The Alphabet
The color of the dye that the Phoenicians were famous for, came from this type of snail that lived in the waters off
Sidon and Tyre.
purple
The Phoenicians also were great sailors. What continent are they said to have sailed
around?
Africa
The Phoenicians also established many colonies along the coastlines of the
Mediterranean Sea. What was the most famous of all their
colonies?
Carthage