Anne Fennell Horticulture, Forestry, Landscape and Parks Dept Northern Plains Biostress Laboratory South Dakota State University

Location Research priorities Plant development and all things bud

Resources Vitis Facilities People Opportunities Wish List

South Dakota State University Brookings, SD

12,000 student (1500 Graduate Students) 8 colleges: ~600 faculty

Agriculture and Biological Sciences Arts and Sciences Education and Counseling Engineering Family and Consumer Sciences General Studies Nursing Pharmacy

Brookings, SD 44o19’N

South Dakota Size: 199,731 km2

Population: 750,000

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1047 Total 44 -0.6 31.1 8.7 23.6 Sep-97 39 17.8 31.7 13.3 25.8 Aug-97

84 7.2 31.7 13.6 26.1 Jul-97 61 21.1 33.3 13.3 26.6 Jun-97 35 -4.3 29.4 4.1 16.9 May-97 140 -17.8 22.8 -2.8 10.3 Apr-97 104 -25 17.8 -8.6 1.1 Mar-97 251 -30 3.9 -14.8 -4.3 Feb-97 175 -31.7 5.6 -20.1 -10.2 Jan-97 7 -31.1 0 -17.2 -8.9 Dec-96 37 -27.2 16.1 -10.8 -2.1 Nov-96 70 -9.4 27.8 0.3 15.4 Oct-96 (mm) MinMin MaxMax Ave Min Ave Max Percipitation Temperature (Celsius)

Average Minimum Minimum Maximum

On average - not bad. Temperatures fluctuate, 1996-97 unusual cold

Transcriptomic facilities & resources

Plant material use Plant material use Plant material

use

Breeders, Germplasm Repositories, Viticulturists

Cold Climate Viticulture

South Dakota – hybrid wine grapes@

Nebraska - hybrid and V. vinifera @ Minnesota – hybrid wine grapes @ Iowa – hybrid and V. vinifera @ Wisconsin – hybrid grapes Michigan – hybrid and V. vinifera @ New York – hybrid and V. vinifera @

2 Public Cold Climate Grape Breeding Programs University of Minnesota,St. Paul, MN Cornell University, Geneva, NY

@Members of NE-1020: Multi-State Coordinated Wine Cultivar Evaluation

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NE-1020 V. vinifera

•  16 cooperative states •  Coordinated replicated plantings •  Protocols established •  Core set of cultivars in each

planting: –  Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir

•  Plantings established in 2008

Program Objectives

•  identify cross-talk mechanisms between photoperiod, temperature, and water stress

–  Shoot development –  Bud development –  Bud dormancy –  Bud break kinetics –  Freezing tolerance –  Water stress tolerance

•  develop and characterize genetic model system for dormancy and freezing tolerance analysis

•  identify traits for marker assisted breeding for improved winter survival of grapevines.

Genetic Studies in cooperation with: James Luby, Breeding-cold climate wine grapes, UMN, St. Paul, MN Amanda Garris, Genomics, GGRU, USDA/ARS Geneva New York

Chilling Fulfillment and Budbreak in Grape Buds Mathiason and Fennell

Influence of Photoperiod on Bud Maturation Sreekantan, Mathiason, Grimplet, Schlauch, and Fennell

Functional Genomics of Bud Endodormancy Induction in Grapevines Fennell, Cramer, Dickerson, Schlauch, Deluc, Grimplet Sreekantan

Fennell Lab Vitis Resources •  NE-1020 replicated planting

–  Marquette, Frontenac, Frontenac Gris, LaCrescent, MN-selections, ES-selections

•  Vitis riparia –  20+ genotypes from V. riparia range –  200 uniform clones each of 2 select genotypes

•  Segregating population of 250- F2 lines in CE & Field –  Replicated plantings in field -100 uniform clones of 2 siblings -100 uniform clones of F1 and grandparent genotypes

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Genetic Linkage Map-120 SSR Garris, Clark Owens, Luby, McKay, Fennell

•  V. riparia x Seyval: F1, BC, F2 -250 lines –  Phenotype and QTL analysis

•  Photoperiod responsiveness •  Timing of budbreak •  Timing of dormancy •  Cold hardiness •  Sex •  Fruit color

Controlled Environment Resources Fennell Lab

•  2-500ft2 Greenhouse Bays –  1 with automated photoperiod control system

•  3 – PGW36 CE low temp. capacity –  850 µmolm-2s-1

–  5ºC lights on, -10ºC lights off

•  2 – PGW36 CE normal temp. capacity –  850 µmolm-2s-1

–  10 to 40ºC, 5ºC lights off

•  Differential Thermal Analysis –  Freezing test

Photoperiod system closing

Genomic Facilities

•  FGCF- Available 24/7 to registered users http//:genomics.sdstate.edu

–  Microscopy •  PALM MicroBeam Laser Micro-Dissection System •  Olympus SZX16 Epi-Fluorescent Stereo Microscope •  Olympus SZH10 Stereo-Microscope •  Epi-fluorescence, phase, DIC •  Olympus Fluoview FV300 Confocal

–  Interfaced with an IX81 Microscope

•  Olumpus DP70 Digital Cameras •  (Fennell lab has histology

preparation equipment)

Sreekantan & Fennell

Laser Microdissection and Capture

Capture distinct cells

RNA amplification

Transcriptomic analysis

Initiating Studies

•  Shoot tips – Pixie – fixed tissue

•  Roots – frozen tissue

Opportunities

•  PALM microbeam – 3 members of lab trained. Tissue fixation and sectioning require time commitment.

•  Longer term collaborative relationships •  Large capacity for CE studies

Questions

•  Are sequences linked to GRIN accession?

•  Are linkage maps deposited in Mapview?

•  What native genotypes should be sequenced?

•  What plant development phenotypes should we have, are there SOPs?

Acknowledgments

Kathy Mathiason Lekha Sreekantan Jérôme Grimplet Drew Anderson Kim Victor Robyn Ball

Grant Cramer Karen Schlauch Laurent Deluc Kitty Spreeman

Julie Dickerson Linyong Mao John Van Hemert Wengang Zhou

anne.fennell@sdstate.edu cramer@unr.edu

julied@iastate.edu

Amanda Garris Lindsay Clark Chris Owens

James J. Luby Steven J. McKay

lubyx001@umn.edu

Opportunities:

Intern Cooperation with INP-ENSAT, Castenet, France