Post on 22-Apr-2017
transcript
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Primary Sources:
A Message On Food From the President of the United States. 1945. Photograph.
Northwestern University Library, Evanston, Illinois. World War II Posters. Web.
5 Mar. 2014. <http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/otcgi/digilib/llscgi60.exe?
DB=0&ACTION=View&QUERY=%61%67%72%69%63%75%6C
%74%75%72%65&OP=and&SUBSET=SUBSET&FROM=1&SIZE=20&ITEM
=5>.
This is primary source document from World War II. It is a poster with a plea
from President Harry Truman to increase food production that was crucially
needed for the war effort. Farmers helped to produce this necessary food for our
country and countries around the world.
Americans! Share the Meat as a Wartime Necessity. 1942. Northwestern University
Library, Evanston, Illinois. World War II Posters. Web. 5 Mar. 2014.
<http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/otcgi/digilib/llscgi60.exe?
DB=0&ACTION=View&QUERY=%72%61%74%69%6F%6E%69%6E
%67&OP=and&SUBSET=SUBSET&FROM=1&SIZE=20&ITEM=12>.
This primary source is a poster stressing the importance of rationing and
conserving meat. Extra food was virtually non-existent, so people had to be very
wise with their food consumption. The United States Office of War Information
supported this source.
Be A Victory Farm Volunteer in the U.S. Crop Corps. 1943. Rare Posters. Comp. Gary
Borkan. Gary Borkan War Poster Dealers, 1997. Web. 14 May 2014.
<http://www.rare-posters.com/5284.html>.
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This poster was made to promote the U.S. Crop Corps and show that teenagers
and young adults can make just as much impact as adults themselves. This depicts
two young adults helping out on the farm, and shows that boys and girls can both
help. This poster gives the air of “Everyone’s help is needed if America is to win
the war.” Many teenagers answered the call of help and ended up working
through the summer to take care of the crops.
Belen Soto Moreno, "Working on the Farm," in Bracero History Archive, Item #3050,
http://braceroarchive.org/items/show/3050 (accessed March 14, 2014).
This is a black and white picture showing bracero workers moving hay. I felt that
it was important to show how important and hardworking these workers were. If
not for them and the other groups helping out at home, we would have had a very
hard time making it through the war. This picture is historical and has something
to teach you when you look at it.
Do with Less--so They'll Have Enough! 1943. Photograph. Northwestern University
Library, Evanston, IL. World War II on the Home Front: Rationing. Northwestern
University Library, 2014. Web. 13 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.learnnc.org/lp/editions/ww2-rationing/5934>.
This is a poster that I found pertaining to World War II and the concept of
rationing. Rationing, though it took away some of Americans rights, was essential
to the outcome of the war. In this case, the responsibility of the civilians
outweighed the cost of their rights. Rationing was a national effort that was
promoted by posters like this one. I was very excited to find this resource because
it fit in my topic area well.
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Eisenhower, Dwight D. "Special Address to the Congress on Agriculture." Special
Address to the Congress on Agriculture. The Capitol, Washington, D.C. 9 Jan.
1956. Dwight D. Eisenhower. Web. 12 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.eisenhower.archives.gov/all_about_ike/quotes.html>.
I found this quote and even though it is from the 1950s, I still decided to use it in
my website. This quote helps me tie together what I'm trying to get at in my
website. It shows that when agriculture is working with the government, it can
create spectacular results. Partnership between the two can be challenging
sometimes, but very rewarding in the end.
Every Man, Woman, and Child Is a Partner. U.S. National Archives and Records
Administration, Washington, D.C. Women's History. About.com, 2001. Web. 13
Mar. 2014. <http://womenshistory.about.com/od/worldwariiposterart/ig/World-
War-II---Victory-Home/Partners-on-the-Homefront-.htm>.
Everyone participated in the events of World War II, and this poster helps to
depict that. The nation’s response to the war was a production to whatever was
needed; entire corporations were changed just to support our country and the men
fighting overseas. World War II was a national problem and the whole nation
helped to resolve it.
Farm Scrap Builds Destroyers: 900 Tons of Scrap Metal Go into a Destroyer. 1942.
Northwestern University Library, Evanston, Illinois. World War II Posters. Web.
6 Mar. 2014. <http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/otcgi/digilib/llscgi60.exe?
DB=0&ACTION=View&QUERY=%61%67%72%69%63%75%6C
%74%75%72%65&OP=and&SUBSET=SUBSET&FROM=1&SIZE=20&ITEM
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=2>.
This poster shows what saving scrap metal could do for the soldiers and the war
effort. Through this project I learned about many different products being rationed
and metal was one of those products that really effected farmers. Metal was
needed to make and repair farming machinery. All extra metal was being donated
and scrapped to be shipped overseas, or to make equipment for those overseas.
Because of the deficiency, farmers had to make do with what they had.
Glenn Miller and His Orchestra. On the Old Assembly Line. Glenn Miller and His
Orchestra. 1942. Syracuse University Libraries-Patriotic Songs. Web. 19 May
2014. <http://library.syr.edu/belfer/programs/projects/belfer78/patriotic.php>.
Many patriotic songs were produced during the war, and our country saw a
dramatic rise in jazz music. Glenn Miller and His Orchestra were very popular at
the time, and I put a portion of this song on my homepage of my website. This
song allowed people at home to feel patriotic and know that they were actually
helping work towards the war effort.
He Eats a Ton a Year: Your Farm Can Help. 1942. Photograph. Northwestern University
Library, Evanston, Illinois. World War II Posters. Web. 5 Mar. 2014.
<http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/otcgi/digilib/llscgi60.exe?
DB=0&ACTION=View&QUERY=%61%67%72%69%63%75%6C
%74%75%72%65&OP=and&SUBSET=SUBSET&FROM=1&SIZE=20&ITEM
=4>.
This is a World War II poster that depicts a soldier shoveling food. This showed
the nation’s people that those who were fighting needed as much support from
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home they could get. They needed to be provided with food, guns, ammunition,
vehicles, or anything that could help them and be of assistance. I found many
posters for my project, and loved looking at them because each picture or poster
tells as much of the story of our country as the information does.
Helguera, L. Americanos Todos. Smithsonian Museum of National Museum of
American History, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Museum of National Museum
of American History. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://thinkmexican.tumblr.com/post/45551332791/world-war-ii-mexico-us-
americanos-todos-propoganda>.
I found it very challenging to find posters about Mexican Braceros in the U.S.
This is the one poster that I actually found to portray what I wanted to get across.
The braceros provided the labor support that we couldn't manage ourselves, so we
were working together in the war effort.
Horace, Nicholis. Boy Milking Cow. 1914. Imperial War Museum Photograph
Collection. The Passion of Former Days. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.formerdays.com/2012/03/children-on-homefront.html>.
This photograph was taken during World War I, but it gives the same idea of what
happened in World War II. Children and teens helped out with the farm since
their older brothers or fathers were gone fighting. In this time period, children had
to grow up faster to help out with what was needed.
Join Us on the Farm Front. 1944. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
The Historical Museum of Fort Missoula. 2011. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
Since World War II required full support from everyone in America, even school
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children did what they could. Many of them picked milkweed pods and teenagers
worked as “Victory Farm Volunteers”. They volunteered to work at area farms
and were especially needed during spring planting and harvest.
Lanon, Howard. "Farming During World War II, Farm Equipment, & Neighbors."
Interview. Farming During World War II. Illinois State Museum, Web. 13 Feb.
2014. <http://avbarn.museum.state.il.us/clip/80>.
This source is an audio recording of Howard Lanon discussing his life growing up
during the war. This source allowed me to get a personal light on the story and
work of everyone involved, even the younger children. This source was very
beneficial for my website.
Let's Get to Work to Make Americans Strong. 1941. Northwestern University Library,
Evanston, Illinois. World War II Posters. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/wwii-posters/img/ww1645-65.jpg>.
This poster shows an American family working together to make America strong.
This was an influence for everyone to participate and do their part in the war
effort. We needed the whole country's support of the war and wartime production.
Morley, Hubert. Pitch in and Help! 1944. Northwestern University Library, Evanston,
Illinois. World War II Posters. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/wwii-posters/img/ww0870-02.jpg>.
I used this poster on my Women's Land Army page. The Women's Land Army
and the U.S. Crop Corps set up programs that greatly increased workers on farms
during World War II.
Nadel, Leonard. "A bracero closes a full Toro lettuce box with a special tool in a field in
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the Salinas Valley, California.," in Bracero History Archive, Item #3007,
http://braceroarchive.org/items/show/3007 (accessed March 13, 2014).
This picture shows what work braceros did on farms in the U.S. Braceros
contributed greatly to the production of goods in the U.S., which were also used
worldwide. Without this extra help, we would not have produced as much to
complete what we did.
Nadel, Leonard. "Braceros fill lettuce into Cookie Head lettuce boxes and close them in a
field in the Salinas Valley, California." in Bracero History Archive, Item #2992,
http://braceroarchive.org/items/show/2992 (accessed March 13, 2014).
Many braceros were active in the southwestern states because it was closer to
Mexico. In this picture, they filled boxes full of lettuce for transportation to other
areas of the country or even overseas. These pictures were very useful in seeing
what the work they did and what they went through.
Nadel, Leonard. "Braceros pick lettuce in a field in the Salinas Valley, California." in
Bracero History Archive, Item #2991, http://braceroarchive.org/items/show/2991
(accessed March 13, 2014).
Braceros did whatever was asked of them at any farm, and were known as very
good workers. Many times these people were not appreciated or recognized for
what they did. I did not even know about what they did until I started researching
this project. This picture shows them picking lettuce in a field in California.
Nadel, Leonard. National Museum of American History, Washington, D.C. Los Angeles
Times. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. <http://articles.latimes.com/2010/oct/15/local/la-me-
tobar-20101015#>.
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This is a photograph from the Leonard Nadel Collection. Leonard Nadel was a
photographer who documented the braceros influence in the United States. He
took many pictures of bracero workers working on farms.
Parker, Alfred. We'll Have Lots to Eat This Winter Won't We Mother? 1943.
Northwestern University Library, Evanston, Illinois. World War II Posters. Web.
5 Mar. 2014. <http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/otcgi/digilib/llscgi60.exe?
DB=0&ACTION=View&QUERY=%72%61%74%69%6F%6E%69%6E
%67&OP=and&SUBSET=SUBSET&FROM=1&SIZE=20&ITEM=15>.
This poster stresses the importance of making do with what you have. Because of
the lack of resources, the American people are encouraged to use only what is
needed. It also encouraged American families to make and store their own food.
This poster shows a young girl and a woman canning their own goods.
Paus, Herbert Andrew. The Women's Land Army of America. 1918. University of
Virginia. Library of Congress. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://loc.gov/pictures/item/97520484/>.
This is a poster showing support of the Women’s Land Army (WLA) in America.
The WLA was actually formed in World War I and this is one of the recruiting
posters. These posters urged women to help out by joining organization, which
led to an increase in farm workers.
Plant a Victory Garden. 1943. Northwestern University Library, Evanston, Illinois.
World War II Posters. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/wwii-posters/img/ww1645-38.jpg>.
This poster encourages American citizens to plant Victory Gardens and grow their
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own food. Because so many of them did, farmers could produce more for the
soldiers overseas than for country at home. This allowed the soldiers who were
fighting to be supplied more food.
Roese, Herbert. Rationing Means a Fair Share for All. 1943. Northwestern University
Library, Evanston, Illinois. World War II Posters. Web. 5 Mar. 2014.
<http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/otcgi/digilib/llscgi60.exe?
DB=0&ACTION=View&QUERY=%72%61%74%69%6F%6E%69%6E
%67&OP=and&SUBSET=SUBSET&FROM=1&SIZE=20&ITEM=1>.
This is a poster showing how rationing makes everything fair. Instead of some
people getting a lot of supplies, and some getting just a little bit, they both get
about the same. I found this poster to be pretty comical. Each of the posters that I
have found adds a little bit of history and insight on the ideas of the people of that
time period.
Rozen, Jerome. Farmers! Uncle Sam Asks You... 1944. Rare Posters. Gary Borkan War
Poster Dealers. Web. 19 May 2014. <http://www.rare-posters.com/3755.html>.
This is a poster showing Uncle Sam getting ready for the census taker. This is a
poster showing another aspect of the war, and something else the farmers had to
work with and understand. These posters were very interesting to find and learn
about through this project.
Schatt, Roy. Scrap. 1942. Northwestern University Library, Evanston, Illinois. World
War II Posters. Web. 6 Mar. 2014.
<http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/otcgi/digilib/llscgi60.exe?
DB=0&ACTION=View&QUERY=%61%67%72%69%63%75%6C
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%74%75%72%65&OP=and&SUBSET=SUBSET&FROM=1&SIZE=20&ITEM
=3>
This picture shows that scrap metal is very valuable. Many farms had extra scrap
metal at the beginning of the war because of old, broken down tractors, or just the
everyday tools that they used. They didn't have extra during or at the end of the
war, actually they had very little metal products at all.
Sears, Roebuck & Company. "Information About Ordering Rationed Farm Equipment
Sold By Sears." Sears, Roebuck & Company Catalog 1943: 931. Print.
I used this source to determine all the pieces of farm equipment that had been
rationed for war purposes. Almost all pieces of machinery were rationed and were
shared among communities. This catalog also informed me of how farmers were
able to apply for rationed farm equipment. This was very helpful in my search for
information.
U.S. War Production Board. America Needs Your Scrap Rubber. 1942-1944.
Northwestern University Library, Evanston, Illinois. Learn NC Multimedia.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.learnnc.org/lp/multimedia/13285>.
Americans citizens were urged to use as little rubber as possible during the war.
This poster shows what rationed rubber was used for to provide support for the
troops overseas. Different vehicles and machines needed different amounts of
rubber, and this poster informs the public of that. It encourages Americans to
ration items so that the soldiers will have what they need to survive in the war.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. When You Ride Alone, You Ride with Hitler!
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1943. Photograph. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Evanston, IL.
World War II on the Home Front: Rationing. University of North Carolina, 2014.
Web. 13 Feb. 2014. <http://www.learnnc.org/lp/editions/ww2-rationing/5934>.
Gas was also rationed during World War II and this poster depicts that. The
government stressed the importance of only driving when needed and always
trying to carpool with others. The less gas citizens used, the more could be
shipped to the soldiers fighting.
Uptton, Clive. Join the Women's Land Army. 1940. Vinmag. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.vinmag.com/online/prodshow/Join_The_Womens_Land_Army__W
ar_Poster__Artist__Clive_Uptton__GB_1940s__30x40cm_Art_Print_/AP1644-
war-poster-1940s-join-the-womens-land-army-clive-uptton.html>.
This is another wartime poster urging women to join the Women's Land Army
(WLA). The WLA made major labor contributions on farms throughout World
War II. This poster shows many of the ways in which women helped during the
war and the need and encouragement of women to help in WWII.
Use It Up, Wear It Out, Make It Do. 1943. Victory Begins at Home, WWII Posters.
About.com. About.com, 2006. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://womenshistory.about.com/od/worldwariiposterart/ig/World-War-II---
Victory-Home/Make-It-Do.htm>.
Because of the lack of materials, the American population used what they had.
Pants, shirts, dresses, blouses, and other clothing were reused or fixed up during
the war. Whatever became too small was handed down to younger siblings, and
whatever broke was fixed. I found this poster a little bit comical, with the lady
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sewing up pants while they are still on the person. This poster shows how much
they tried to save items during the war.
You Can Use the Land You Have to Grow the Food You Need. 1941. Northwestern
University Library, Evanston, Illinois. World War II Posters. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/wwii-posters/img/ww1645-69.jpg>.
This is another poster encouraging American citizens to grow their own crops in
their own backyards. The act of planting and growing their own gardens really
helped to relieve the farmers and what they had to grow during the war. This
allowed the farmers to send more of their products to other countries and to our
own troops fighting on both hemispheres.
Secondary Sources:
Ames Historical Society. "Rationing on the US Homefront during WW II." Rationing on
the US Homefront during WW II. Ames Historical Society, Feb. 2014. Web. 12
Feb. 2014. <http://www.ameshistory.org/exhibits/events/rationing.htm>.
This source gave me information on rationing and the work happening on the
home front in the Midwest portion of the United States. This is also where I found
my primary source of the Sears & Roebuck Catalog, which provided me with
information on all rationed farm equipment. This site was a very good source of
information.
Arneson, Eric. "The Home Front: Life and Work in World War II." Normandy Institute
2013. George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 17 June 2013. Lecture.
When I was in Washington, D.C. for the Normandy Institute last summer, we
were able to listen to Professor Arneson’s lecture. I learned so much that week
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and could have chosen many topics, but I thought of this topic during his lecture
and I really connected with it. I had family ties and it was very involved in my
state and our conditions during the war. “Responsibilities of Farmers in World
War II” was a very enticing topic for me and I’m really glad I heard this lecture
and could relate it to my experiences.
Bush, Wilbur. "World War II Scrap Metal Drives: Daviess County Historical Society:
Gallatin Area Revitalization Alliance." Gallatan Daviess County Historical
Society. Daviess County Historical Society, 6 Apr. 2011. Web. 05 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.daviesscountyhistoricalsociety.com/modules.php?
op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=454&mode=thread&order=0&thold
=0>.
This source provided me with information on scrap metal and how it was
collected during the war. Scrap metal was found on farms in the form of old tools
such as: shovels, nails, discs, and anything else not able to be used. This old metal
was collected through scrap drives. Because of the shortage of metal products for
the military, farm equipment was put on hold and farmers had to use whatever old
equipment they had.
Danzer, Gerald A. "The United States in World War II." The Americans. Evanston, IL:
McDougal Littell, 2007. 766-804. Print.
I started researching my topic in American History class with this book. This
book gave me a place to start discovering information about my topic since I
already had it picked out. This book also gave me ideas as to where I could go
with further research.
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Delicath, Ted. "Why Is the Farm Bill So Hard to Understand?" Corn Corps.
Wordpress.com, 11 Sept. 2013. Web. 14 Mar. 2014.
<http://corncorps.wordpress.com/page/16/>.
This is a journal-type site filled with many different articles from both past and
present topics. The article that I read through discussed World War II and the role
of children on the farm. I found a poster on this site showing a young boy
working on a farm. This site also had information on the changes during World
War II and how they affected farming.
Eisenhower Presidential Library and Museum. "Quotes." Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Presidential Library and Museum, 2014. Web. 12 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.eisenhower.archives.gov/all_about_ike/quotes.html>.
I used this source to find a quote stated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, a
major player in World War II. President Eisenhower was a general and military
strategist during the war, and become president after. In his quote he discusses
how important farming is to the economy of the U.S. and how the government
working with agriculture is much more influential than otherwise. Even though
this quote was spoken after the war, it still poses a point that was discovered
through the actions of farmers in World War II.
Ganzel, Bill, and Ganzel Group Communications. "Farm Labor Shortages during World
War II." Wessels Living History Farm. Ganzel Group Communications, 2001.
Web. 12 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe40s/farminginthe1940s.html>.
This source talks about how the war revolutionized farming. World War II
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brought the United States out of the Great Depression, and promoted using new
technologies nationwide. This website gave me much more information on topics
such as rationing, labor shortages, food production, and economic expansion. I
used this site for information on my topic. It was interesting to read through the
research that this group had discovered.
Gary Borkan War Poster Dealers. "Original United States Second World War Poster
Dealers, Homefront."Rare-posters.com. Gary Borkan War Poster Dealers, 12
Mar. 2014. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. <http://www.rare-posters.com/ww2.html>.
I used this website to find primary source that I could use in my website, and to
just study the ads. There were so many different advertisements that it was almost
overwhelming to look at. Advertisements were one of the reasons that the war
was such a supported cause, but I didn’t really think about them a lot before
studying this topic. I didn’t realize what a major role they did play in the events of
World War II. It was very interesting to go through and look at all the posters that
were shown on this website.
Karron, Sussanah. "Food to Win the War." A Salute to Freedom. The National WWII
Museum, 2013. Web. 14 Mar. 2014. <http://salutetofreedom.org/wi.html>.
As I was researching my topic, I came across this website supported by the World
War II museum in Louisiana. A student researched food production in World War
II in Wisconsin (her home state) and created a web page about her research it. I
thought it was interesting how similar the states were in dealing with the same
issues. I used this site to confirm research and used a picture on my site.
Kemp, Bill. "Kids Gathered Milkweed Pods for WWII Effort." Pantagraph.com.
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Pantagraph.com, 13 Oct. 2007. Web. 05 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.pantagraph.com/news/kids-gathered-milkweed-pods-for-wwii-
effort/article_5099b3d3-117e-52c6-8815-c6893b97ea30.html>.
During the war, people did whatever they could to support the troops overseas.
Children even helped out! I used this source to learn about a very important task
that children did to show support: picking milkweed pods! Milkweed tufts were
used in making flotation devices for soldiers in the war, and children got out of
school to walk ditches to find them. Everyone contributed what he or she could to
the war effort.
Library of Congress. "Cartoon Drawings-Herbert Johnson." Library of Congress, 2014.
Web. 05 Mar. 2014. <http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/acd/related/?
co=acd&fi=name&q=Johnson,%20Herbert,%201878-1946>.
While I was looking for posters, I came across this site. It is a huge storehouse of
Herbert Johnson art, who was a major cartoonist at the time of the war. He made
many cartoons and advertisements before, during, and after the war. This is where
I found many of my World War II advertisements and primary sources.
Long, Thomas. "What Were Some Responsibilities of Farmers In World War II?"
Personal interview. July 2013.
I asked Professor Long about the responsibilities of farmers during World War II
after I had heard Professor Arneson speak and had figured out my project topic.
Professor Long is a college professor for George Washington University in
Washington, D.C. He seemed quite impressed with my idea and gave me some
information of the knowledge he had on it. He also provided me with ideas for
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avenues I could venture for research.
Marentes, Carlos, and Cynthia P. Marentes. "The Bracero Program." The Farmworkers
Website. Sin Fronteras Organizing Project, Dec. 1999. Web. 11 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.farmworkers.org/bracerop.html>.
This website gives a detailed explanation of what the Bracero Program was and
how it contributed to farm production during the years that it ran. I never really
understood the Bracero Program before, or even really heard about it much before
I completed this project. This site allowed me to understand why it was
established and how it helped our economy and agricultural efforts during World
War II.
Mefford, Howard L. "Fifty Years of International Harvester Company in Buffalo
County." Fifty Years of International Harvester Company in Buffalo County.
Buffalo County Historical Society, 2003. Web. 14 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.oldcottonmill.com/buffalo-tales/BTales_200305.html>.
While I was researching for this project, I learned that farm machinery dealerships
didn’t always make farm machinery during the war. The International Harvester
Company became a production center for war products such as: rifles, motor
trucks, and heavy industrial tools. This coincided with my research on rationing
farm equipment and why it was rationed. There wasn’t enough metal, and the
dealerships were being used for war production.
Millner, Melissa. "Massey-Harris Self-Propelled Combines and Harvest Brigade." Old
Farm Equipment - Tractors - Engines. Blogger, 2 July 2013. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://oldtractors-engines.blogspot.com/2013/07/massey-harris-self-propelled-
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combines.html>.
This source talks about complications for farm equipment manufacturers during
the war. Steel was rationed, there was a restriction on what could be bought and
how much could be made. New, more efficient machinery was developed and put
into action with certain stipulations. This information ties in with my
grandfather’s story about his corn planter. I also used this site for a picture that
discusses "The 1944 Battle For Bread".
Moore, Sam. "The War Effort: WWII Quotas Cut Farm Machinery Supplies." Farm
Collector. Odgen Publications, Inc., Aug. 2002. Web. 04 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.farmcollector.com/company-history/war-production-board-and-
farm-machinery.aspx>.
This source talks about the Office of Production Management (OPM) and the
incorporation of it into our government systems. The OPM was the instigator of
the restriction of the production of farm machinery. It stressed the importance of
war production and creating goods that could be used overseas. This source is also
where I found one of my pictures I use in my website. The drawing is quite
humorous, and very true.
National Museum of American History. "Opportunity or Exploitation: The Bracero
Program." America on the Move. National Museum of American History,
Smithsonian Institution. Web. 05 Mar. 2014.
<http://amhistory.si.edu/onthemove/themes/story_51_5.html>.
This source is for an exhibition on the Bracero Program through the National
Museum of American History. I learned from this site that the program started
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during our involvement in World War II and continued through 1964. Thousands
of braceros worked in the U.S. during that span of around 16 years. This site was
very useful in background information about the program.
Northwestern University Library. "World War II Poster Collection." Northwestern
University Library. Northwestern University Library, Web. 05 Mar. 2014.
<http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/wwii-posters/index.html>.
This is an online database of hundreds of World War II posters and
advertisements. I used this database to find some of my posters that I used in my
website. These posters put the time period and everything that’s going on into
perspective. They really help give the notion that this war was a people’s war as
much as a soldier’s war. The majority of the population actively participated in
the war effort.
Plains Humanities Alliance, and Center for Digital Research in the Humanities. "The
Great Plains During World War II." The Great Plains During World War II.
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2008. Web. 11 Mar. 2014.
<http://plainshumanities.unl.edu/homefront/homefront.news.nf.19420711>.
I live in the Midwest/Great Plains region of the United States, so this resource
was very useful for me. It provided me with information affecting my own state,
South Dakota, and neighboring states. This site gave me new information and
reaffirmed some things I had already discovered. It also provided me with an
abundant supply of primary sources to look at and learn from as it incorporated
them into the site. Sometimes it is hard to find information on a topic like mine,
but this source was really very helpful for me.
Wicks 20
Stuckel, Brett. "Farming for Freedom-WWII Work Song." State of Place. Wordpress, 12
Apr. 2013. Web. 15 Mar. 2014. <http://www.stateofplace.com/farming-for-
freedom-ww2-work-song/>.
I wanted to have a little music on my page, but I could not find anything that I
thought fit with my topic. As I was looking, I found this source with some really
great sound lyrics. The song is called farming for freedom and was sung by WLA
workers as they worked on the farm. The only problem with the song was, there
were no recordings! I asked my brother if he would sing it for me to put on my
website and he agreed to.
The Brigade. "WWII-propaganda-posters-500-29: TheBRIGADE." The Brigade.
Resignation Media, LLC, 2014. Web. 13 Apr. 2014.
<http://thebrigade.thechive.com/2012/10/01/gotta-love-the-classics-wwii-
propaganda-posters-73-photos/wwii-propaganda-posters-500-29/#comments>.
On this website I found an advertisement that I used to show that our country was
attacking on all fronts: at home and overseas. The people left behind had to
provide for those gone and work for the war effort. These advertisements were
very interesting to find and study; each of them helps the observer to understand
what was going on at that time in history.
The Ganzel Group Communications. "Rationing and Scrap Drives in Rural America."
Rationing and Scrap Drives in Rural America. Wessels Living History Farm,
2001. Web. 04 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe40s/life_08.html>.
I used this site to learn about rationing and how it affected people’s livelihoods. It
Wicks 21
did lessen their right to make, provide, and create nourishment out of certain
foods, but at this point in time, responsibility was greater than the right of eating.
The responsibility to our soldiers to provide for them and continue to support the
war back home was greater than our other rights. I used this site to research
rationing and how farmers coped with the loss of workers. The war hit rural areas
pretty bad, but the people did their best to continue on.
The Quad-City Times. "Exhibit Looks at Mexican Labor Program." The Quad-City
Times. The Quad-City Times, 27 Feb. 2014. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://qctimes.com/exhibit-looks-at-mexican-labor-program/article_b680f99e-
6534-58bd-8790-c4204a3be696.html>.
This source is where I found out about the Bracero Program exhibit supported by
the National American Museum of American History. This exhibit was shown on
display through mid-May. This site led me to other avenues to continue my
research and gave me other ideas of how to incorporate all of my research.
Tobar, Hector. "Former Bracero Recalls Program's Legacy." Los Angeles Times. Los
Angeles Times, 15 Oct. 2010. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://articles.latimes.com/2010/oct/15/local/la-me-tobar-20101015>.
As I was researching the Bracero Program, I came across this Los Angeles Times
article. This article brought into light the impact the Bracero Program had on the
Mexican workers and how some of them felt about the program. Living in the
U.S. was a drastic change for them, but they still came to work here anyway. I
also used this webpage to find a picture for my project.
University of Nebraska-Lincoln. "The Home Front." The Great Plains During World
Wicks 22
War II. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2008. Web. 04 Mar. 2014.
<http://plainshumanities.unl.edu/homefront/rationing?section=homefront>.
This source was created by a semi-local college, and really helped me in my
research. It showed how the Midwest was effected (my area of the country) and
what those communities had to go through during the war. Not only was this a
good source; it was close to home. The information that this site provided helped
me to understand some of the stories my father and uncle have told me about my
grandfather and our community during the war.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. "Rationing." World War II on the Home
Front: Rationing. University of North Carolina, 2014. Web. 13 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.learnnc.org/lp/multimedia/13285>.
This is a poster showing the need for rubber and how it was used by the United
States military. Before the war, most of our nation’s rubber came from Southeast
Asia, which was occupied by Japan early in the war. Civilians in the U.S. had to
ration rubber so that our soldiers would be able to use it overseas. I used this site
to find information and posters showing this rationing.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. "World War II on the Home Front:
Rationing." Learn NC Multimedia. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,
2008. Web. 02 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.learnnc.org/lp/editions/ww2-rationing/contents>.
This is another U.S. poster storage site sponsored by the University of North
Carolina. This site provided me with posters from World War II and informed me
of the location of the original copies. Along with the posters, the site provided me
Wicks 23
with background information on the home front and how the posters impacted
U.S. civilian life.
Weiss, Elaine F. "Before Rosie the Riveter, Farmerettes Went to Work."
Smithsonian.com. Smithsonian.com, 29 May 2009. Web. 14 Mar. 2014.
<http://www.smithsonianmag.com/womens-history/before-rosie-the-riveter-
farmerettes-went-to-work-141638628/?no-ist>.
The United States WLA was adopted after the British "Farm Lassies" in World
War I, and also active in World War II. These women filled in for any jobs
needed on the farm and were an important influence on increasing production
rates. The Smithsonian Institute supports this site and I used it for information on
the Women’s Land Army and what it accomplished.
Wells, Jordan. "War Time Rationing During WWII." Fourwinds10.com.
Fourwinds10.com, 2014. Web. 14 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.fourwinds10.net/siterun_data/history/american/news.php?
q=1276235941>.
During World War II, luxuries and necessities both became very scarce when
everything was rationed. This source gave information on rationed items such as
rubber, foodstuffs, and much more. This source provided me with information on
ration booklets and how they were used. I actually found some ration booklets in
my grandma’s house that I put on my website as well.
Wicks, Noah. Farming for Freedom. Women's Land Army Workers. 1944. State of
Place. Web. Mar. 2014. <http://www.stateofplace.com/farming-for-freedom-
ww2-work-song/>.
Wicks 24
This is a song sung by women in the Women's Land Army as they were working
in the fields. I found it online and in a book, but there were no known recordings
of it. My brother is a better singer than me, so I asked him if he would sing it for
me. He eventually agreed and his recording is found on my website.
Wicks, Terry. "What Was Grandpa Amos's Story?" Personal interview. Mar. 2014.
Amos Wicks was my grandfather and he told stories to his children about what it
was like during World War II. He had really wanted to go fight, but wasn't
allowed to because he was needed at home. Since Grandpa isn't around to tell me
those same stories, I asked my dad instead.
Wikipedia. "United States Home Front During World War II." Wikipedia. Wikimedia
Foundation, 3 Mar. 2014. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_home_front_during_World_War_II#
Farming>.
This site allowed me to confirm much of the other information I had already
discovered. This provided me with information on farming and what the youth did
to help during World War II.
Woodward, Mylinda. "Pod Squad." UNH Magazine Fall '13 Issue. University of New
Hampshire Magazine, 1997. Web. 13 Mar. 2014.
<http://unhmagazine.unh.edu/f13/historypage.html>.
During World War II, many children wanted to contribute to the war effort like
everyone else was. This desire helped to create competitions for milkweed pod
collection. I used this resource to learn about what children did, and as a source
for a picture from University of New Hampshire Archives.