Application of OSPF Network in Spanning Tree Protocol ...

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Journal of Computer Science, Information Technology and Telecommunication Engineering (JCoSITTE) Vol. 1, No. 2, September 2020, pp. 44~53 ISSN: 2721-3838, DOI: 10.30596/jcositte.v1i2.4716 r 44

Journalhomepage:http://jurnal.umsu.ac.id/index.php/jcositte

ApplicationofOSPFNetworkinSpanningTreeProtocolMethodtoPreventLoopingRouting

RoiHumisarSianturi1,T.MDiansyah2*,ImranLubis31ProgramStudiTeknikInformatika,FakultasTeknikdanKomputer,UniversitasHarapanMedan,Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Networkisabasicthingthatmustexistinanagencyorcompany,becausethenetworkcanfacilitateusintermsof data exchange anddata transfer. In this study the application of theOSPFnetwork to the SpanningTreeProtocolmethodtomaintainLoopingRoutingusing theGraphicalNetworkSimulator3(GNS3)simulator isexpectedtobethemainobjectiveinfacilitatingworkcompletion,especiallyintermsofcommunicationsystemdatacollection.WiththehelpofRoutingwhichservestodeterminetheroutetraveledbyapacketthatoriginatesfromasourcenodetothedestinationnodeonthenetwork.Openshortestpathfirst(OSPF)isoneofthedynamicrouting protocols that uses a link-state algorithm to build and calculate the shortest path to all knowndestinations.STPfunctionsasaprotocolformanagingconnectionsusingthespanningtreealgorithm.Keyword:OSPFnetwork,Spanningtreeprotocol(STP),Loopingrouting,GNS3ThisworkislicensedunderaCreativeCommonsAttribution-ShareAlike4.0InternationalLicense.CorrespondingAuthor:T.M.Diansyah,ProgramStudiTeknikInformatikaUniversitasHarapanMedanJl.H.M.JhoniNo70Medan,20152,Indonesia.Email:dian.10.22@gmail.com

Articlehistory:ReceivedJun9,2020RevisedNov20,2020AcceptedJan11,2020

1. INTRODUCTIONThecomputernetworkisthemaindevicethatmustexistintheworldofwork,becausethenetworkcanfacilitatetheexchangeofdataandsharingofhardware.Alongwiththetimes,especiallyintheeraofcomputerizationwheretheuseoftimeasefficientlyandaswellaspossibleisthemaingoalinfacilitatingcompletionofwork,especiallyintermsofdatacollectioncommunicationsystemsareneeded(Wiguna&Santoso,2013).

Routingisamechanismfordeterminingtheroutetraveledbyapacketoriginatingfromasourcenodetothedestinationnodeonthatnetwork.OpenShortestPathFirst(OSPF) isadynamicroutingprotocol that uses a link-state algorithm to build and calculate the shortest path to all knowndestinations.OSPFdistributesroutinginformationbetweenautonomoussystem(AS)routers.OSPFhasafocusonprocessorperformance,memoryrequirementsandbandwidthconsumption.Thepurposeistoexaminetherouteandthetimeresultsachievedfromthesourcedatapacketthatwillbesenttothedestinationpacketdatareceived(Ahmad,2013;Jadi,Nurwasito&Data,2018).

STPisanetworkprotocolthatguaranteesloopingfreenetworktopologiesforLANEthernetconnections.WithoutanSTPonanethernetframe,itwillcauseloopsforanunlimitedperiodoftimeinanetworkwithphysicallyredundantlinks.STPServesasaprotocolformanagingconnectionsusingthespanningtreealgorithm.ThatSTPisalinkmanagementprotocolatlayer2thatprovidesabackuppathsystemandalsopreventsunwantedloopsandbroadcaststormsonnetworksthathavemultiplepathstothedestinationofahost(Rifai&Supriyanto,2017).

Thepurposeofthisstudyistocreateanetworktopologythatwillimplementthefastestrouteso that the network does not redundant. Prevents looping in the network. And to improve theperformanceofcommunicationbetweenmultiplenetworks.2. LITERATUREREVIEWA.ClasslessRoutingProtocolClasslesscansimplybeinterpretedas"classless"or"notusingclass".Thenif it isassociatedwithIPaddressing,thenclasslessIPaddressingcanbeinterpretedas"IPaddressingwithoutknowingtheclass",that is by using classless inter-domain rouing (CIDR) or it can also be known as long prefixes. The

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ApplicationofOSPFNetworkinSpanningTreeProtocolMethodtoPreventLoopingRouting(Sianturi)

classlessroutingprotocolisasupporterofCIDR,aschemenewerthanIPv4byusingasubnetmaskortoshowhowroutersmustidentifythenetworkID.IPsubnetmasksrepresentnetworkIDsnotlimitedtoroutersdefinedbyaddressclasses(Husein,Bouk&Javaid,2018).

B.OpenShortestPathFirst(OSPF)OSPF is a link-state routing protocol and functions to connect the router to a router that is in anautonomous system (AS) so that this routing protocol includes the IGP category. Generally OSPF isappliedtolargescalenetworksbecauseithastheabilitytoachieveconvergenceconditionsveryquickly,bothwhen the firstnetwork is turnedonandwhenanetworkchangeoccurs.Tohandle largescalenetworks,OSPFusestheconceptofareainitsimplementation.OSPFusesthedijkstraalgorithmtorunroutingprotocols,soOSPFisbetterusedtomanagedatatrafficonmediumandwideareanetworks.Thedijkstra algorithm makes OSPF better used on large networks because it has advantages over thebellman-fordalgorithm(Prismana,2015).

C.BGP(BorderGatewayProtocol)BGPisthecoreoftheroutingprotocolusedontheinternet.Thisprotocolisthebackboneoftheworldinternetnetwork.BGPisusedtoexchangeroutinginformationbetweenworldinternetconnections.BGPisatypeofroutingprotocolthatfunctionstoexchangeinformationbetweenautonomoussystems(AS).BGPisonetypeofdynamicroutingontheproxyitselfthereareseveralkindsofdynamicroutingfeaturesbesidesBGPsuchasOSPFandRIP.FortheexchangeofBGPinformation,itutilizestheTCPprotocolsothereisnoneedtouseanothertypeofprotocoltohandlefragmentation,retransmission,andsequencing(Diansyah,2017).3. RESEARCHMETHODThestagesofresearchcarriedoutincompletingthisdesignare:1).LibraryResearchAtthisstage,searchingforinformationandreferencesthroughbooks,theinternet,orothermaterialsrelatedtothetopicsdiscussed,suchastheapplicationofthespanningtreemethodonanetwork2).DatacollectionAt thisstagecollectingmaterials in the formofhardware,softwareandbooksrelatingto thedesignmade.3).SystemsdesignanalysisAtthisstage,usingthestagesoftheSDLCmethodologywhichincludesthestagesofplanning,systemrequirements, system design and system testing and summarizing them so that conclusions can bedrawnasbenchmarksforthemanufactureanddevelopmentofspanningtreenetworks4).SystemimplementationandtestingAtthisstage,thesystemisimplementedandtestedbasedonthedesigncarriedoutinthepreviousstage.

AtthisstagewhatneedstobedonefrommakingSTPmethodsonOSPFnetworksisdesign.InbuildingtheOSPFnetworksoftwaresimulationsystem,theauthorsdesigneditusingUML,tobemorespecificinitsapplication.

A.UseCaseDiagramsUsecasediagramsareusedtostructurallyillustratethestepsinasystem'sinteractionwithitsusers.There are actors in the system that aredesigned, namely theuser.Usershave an important role inrunningoroperatingacomplexnetworksystem.Inthiscasetheuseractsasasystemusertoconfigurethenetwork.UsecasediagramcanbeseeninFigure1asfollows:

Konfigurasi Router

UserKonfigurasi

Spanning Tree Protocol

Konfigurasi Ip

Konfigurasi OSPF

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Journal of Computer Science, Information Technology and Telecommunication Engineering (JCoSITTE) Vol. 1, No. 2, September 2020 : 44 – 53

Fig1.Usecasediagram

Descriptionofthepicture1usecasediagramaboveexplainsthatthenetworksimulationsystemthatwillbebuiltwill involve theuser in settinguprouterconfiguration,proxyconfiguration, IPaddressconfigurationoneachdevice,spanningtreeprotocolconfigurationandOSPFconfiguration.

Inwritingthisresearch,theauthordiscussestheapplicationofOSPFnetworkprotocolusingSTPwhichaimstopreventloopingonanetwork,inthisstudytheauthorsuse4routers,3switches,1serverand9computers.NetworksimulatorsuseGNS3whichcanhelpimplementOSPFnetworkswithspanning trees. In the above usecase the author will configure the router, spanning tree protocolconfiguration,OSPFconfigurationandIPaddressconfiguration.

B.RouterConfigurationActivityDiagramRouterconfigurationactivitydiagramillustratesthelogicoftheuserwhenwantingtomakeconfigurationorrouterconfigurationsettingsonanOSPFnetworkthatusesthespanningtreeprotocolmethod.ThefollowingrouterconfigurationactivitydiagramthatIdesignedinFigure2:

Fig2.Routerconfiguration

Infigure2theauthorfirstconfigurestheroutertosettheIPaddressforeachcomponentoftherouterused.

C.ActivityDiagramofOSPFNetworkConfigurationThefollowingactivitydiagramoftheOSPFnetworkconfigurationthatIdesignedinFigure3follows:

Fig3.OSPFNetworkconfiguration

TheOSPFnetworkdiagramillustratestheuser'slogicwhenwantingtomakeOSPFnetworksettingsonanetworkthatappliestheSTPmethod.

D.ActivityDiagramIPAddressConfigurationIPdiagramconfigurationactivitydiagramillustratesthelogicoftheuserwhenhewantstomakesettingson the IPaddresson theOSPFnetwork thatuses the spanning treeprotocolmethod.The followingactivitydiagramsettingsinFigure3.5follows

Router

User sistem

Konfigurasi Router

ProsesKonfigurasi Ip address

Selesai

User sistem

Konfigurasi OSPF

Proses

Selesai

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Konfiguras IP pada Komputer

User sistem

masukan IP

Proses

Selesai

Spanning Tree Protocol

User sistem

Konfigurasi STP

Proses

Selesai

Fig4.Configure IP address

E.ActivityDiagramoftheSpanningTreeProtocolConfigurationTheSTPconfigurationdiagramillustratestheuser'slogicwhenwantingtomakeconfigurationsettingsthatapplythespanningtreeprotocolmethod.ThefollowingactivitydiagramconfigurationspanningtreeprotocolthatIdesignedinFigure5follows:

Fig5.ConfiguringtheSpanningTreeProtocol

4.RESULTSANDDISCUSSIONTheimplementationoftheOSPFnetworkapplicationontheSTPmethodtopreventloopingrouting,theauthorsuse theGNS3simulator tobeable to implement theOSPFnetwork implementationand thespanningtreeprotocol,asforthehardwareandsoftwareusedasfollows:

A.HardwareRequirementsHardwareisacomponentorelementofequipmentusedtoapplyOSPFnetworkstotheSTPmethodtopreventroutinglooping,usingtheGNS3simulator.Thehardwareusedoptimallyrequiresthefollowingminimumcomputerspecifications:1.Corei3Processor.2.4GBRAMcapacity.3.VGAmonitorresolutionof1024x768.4.KeyboardandMouse.OveralltheexistingcomputerhardwarespecificationsmeettherequirementsthatwillbeimplementedfortheOSPFnetwork.Inthespanningtreeprotocolmethodtopreventloopingrouting,usetheGNS3simulator.

B.SoftwareRequirements

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Software is a command that is executed by a computer in carrying out its work. Broadly speakingsoftware can be interpreted as an operating producer, and can also be interpreted as all kinds ofprograms used to operate computers and equipment. The software used is theminimum computerspecificationsasfollows:1.Windows1064bit.2.GNS32.1.21.3.Osimagesofthe7200router.4.Osswitch3600images.5.Wireshark

C.DisplayofOSPFNetworkArchitectureIntheOSPFnetworkarchitecturedisplaybyapplyingthespanningtreeprotocolmethodconsistingof1Ciscorouterconnectedby3otherCiscorouters.Theneachrouterisconnectedto3switches,whereeachswitchhas3computersasclientsorhostsasshownbelow:

Fig6.OSPFnetworkdisplay.

InFigure6wheretheswitchasamedialiaisonbetweencomputers1onswitch1tocomputer12onswitch3andalsoasexecutorofthespanningtreealgorithmthataimstocontrolmediaaccesstocommunicatewitheachotherinordertodetectandmanageredundantlinksinthenetwork.D.OSPFnetworkconfigurationOSPFnetworkisanautomaticroutingprotocol(dynamicrouting)thatisabletomaintain,manageanddistributeroutinginformationbetweennetworks.ThefollowingdisplaystheOSPFnetworkconfiguration:

1) NetworkonRouter1Intherouternetworkconfiguration1insettingtheipaddresscommandperformedasbelow:R1#configConfiguringfromterminal,memory,ornetwork[terminal]?Enterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.R1(config)#intfa0/0R1(config-if)#ipadd1.1.1.1255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#noshutAftertheconfigurationisdone,informationwillappearthattheiphasbeenconfiguredasshownbelow:

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Fig7.ProvisionofIPAddressontheRouter1.

TheinformationinFigure7explainsthatrouter1mustbegivenanIPaddressthatfunctionstoforwardpacketsfromonenetworktoanothersothathostsonanetworkcancommunicatewithhostsonanothernetwork.

2) NetworkonRouter2Intherouternetworkconfiguration1insettingtheipaddresscommandisperformedasfollows:R2#configConfiguringfromterminal,memory,ornetwork[terminal]?Enterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.R2(config)#intfa0/0R2(config-if)#ipadd2.2.2.2255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#noshutAftertheconfigurationisdone,informationwillappearthattheiphasbeenconfigured.

The information in Figure 8 explains that on router 2 an IP address must be given which

functionstoforwardpacketsfromonenetworktoanothersothathostsonanetworkcancommunicatewithhostsonanothernetwork.3) NetworkonRouter3Intherouternetworkconfiguration1insettingtheipaddresscommandisperformedasfollows:R3#configConfiguringfromterminal,memory,ornetwork[terminal]?Enterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.R3(config)#intfa0/0R3(config-if)#ipadd172.16.1.1255.255.255.0R3(config-if)#noshutAftertheconfigurationisdone,informationwillappearthattheiphasbeenconfigured.

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TheinformationinFigure9explainsthatrouter3mustbegivenanIPaddressthatfunctionstoforwardpacketsfromonenetworktoanothersothathostsonanetworkcancommunicatewithhostsonanothernetwork.

4) OSPFNetworkRoutingIntheOSPFroutingconfigurationinsettingtheipaddresscommandperformedasfollows:R3#configConfiguringfromterminal,memory,ornetwork[terminal]?Enterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.R3(config)#routerospf10R3(config-if)#network2.2.2.00.0.0.3area1R3(config-if)#network172.16.1.00.0.0.255area1Aftertheconfigurationisdone,theresultswillappearasshownbelow:

Fig10.ConfiguringOSPFontheRouter

TheinformationinFigure10explainsthatrouter3hastoconfiguretheOSPFnetworkprotocoltodistributenetworkinformationfromoneroutertoanother.5) VLANconfigurationIntheOSPFroutingconfigurationinsettingtheIPaddresscommandsareperformedasfollows:Switch1>enableSwitch1#configureterminalSwitch1-(config)#vlandatabaseSwitch1-(config)#vlan10nameroy1Afterthefollowingconfiguration,thevlanbehavessuccessfullyintheconfigurationnamedroy1

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Fig11.VLANconfiguration.

ThedescriptionofFigure11explainsthataswitchmustbeconfiguredinavlanthatfunctionstorunthespanningtree.6) NetworkConfigurationSpanningTreeThespanningtreeconfigurationwillstartwithcommandsonswitch1andswitch2.Thefollowingisthespanningtreeprotocolconfigurationcommand:switch-1#showspanning-treevlan1Switch1->enableSwitch1-#configureterminalSwitch1-(config)#spanning-treevlan20primaryrootSwitch1-(config)#spanning-treevlan30secondaryrootSwitch1-(config)#endSwitch2->enableSwitch2-#configureterminalSwitch2-(config)#spanning-treevlan20priority(0-61440)Switch2-(config)#endAftertheconfigurationisdone,thedisplaywillappearasfollows:

Fig12.ConfigurasionSpanning Tree

In Figure 12we can see that the switch networkmust be configuredwith a spanning treemethodthatcanpreventloopingroutingonanOSPFnetwork.

7)NetworkServerConfigurationTheserverconfigurationwillstartwithcommandsontheserver.Thefollowingisthespanningtreeprotocolconfigurationcommand:Server#conftServer(config)#intfa0/0Server(config-if)#ipadd192.168.200.5255.255.255.0Server(config)#noshutServer(config)#endServer#conft

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Server(config)#routerospf10Server(config-router)#network2.2.2.00.0.0.3area1Server(config-router)#network2.2.2.10.0.0.3area1Server(config-router)#network2.2.2.00.0.0.3area1Server(config-router)#network17Afterthecommandisperformeditwilldisplaytheimageasfollows:

Fig13.Configurasionserver

8) RouteonRouter1Theconfigurationdisplays theroutingconfigurationon therouterdevice inapplyingOSPFnetworkusingthefollowingcommand:R3#showiprouterThemainpurposeofthefollowingcommandistotelltherouterwhichpathtocrosstogotoadifferentdestination,asshownbelow:

Fig14.Show IP route.

In Figure 14 will explain in a routing table that contains a list of known network address data, where the data determines which network will be connected to a router.

5.CONCLUSIONInthedescriptionoftheseriesstartingfromthemanufacturingprocessInthedescriptionoftheseriesstartingfromtheprocessofapplyingtheOSPFnetworktothespanningtreeprotocolmethodtopreventlooping routing, several important conclusions can be drawn including: (1) In this study the OSPFnetwork protocol is implemented that is capable of communicating between networks. (2) OSPFnetworkprotocol forcommunicatingwithclientsbyperforming thepingcommand(packet internetgopher). (3) The spanning tree protocolmethod in the applied research is able to prevent loopingbetweennetworkssoitisveryusefulonanetwork.REFERENCESAhmad,N.(2015).RadioSebagaiSaranaMediaMassaElektronik.AT-TABSYIRSTAINKudus,3(2).Diansyah, T. M. (2017). ANALISA ROUTING EIGRP (ENHANCED INTERIOR GATEWAY ROUTING PROTOCOL)

DALAM JARINGAN MPLS (MULTI PROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING) UNTUK MENDAPATKAN KINERJATERBAIK.

Hussain,R.,Bouk,S.H.,Javaid,N.,Khan,A.M.,&Lee,J.(2018).RealizationofVANET-basedcloudservicesthroughnameddatanetworking.IEEECommunicationsMagazine,56(8),168-175.

Jati,W.S.,Nurwasito,H.,&Data,M.(2018).PerbandinganKinerjaProtocolRoutingOpenShortestPathFirst(OSPF)danRoutingInformationProtocol(RIP)MenggunakanSimulatorCiscoPacketTracer.JurnalPengembanganTeknologiInformasidanIlmuKomputere-ISSN,2548,964X.

Prismana, I. G. L. P. E., & Chilmi, B. (2015). Implementasi Simulasi Jaringan Komputer Multi Device Dengan

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MenggunakanGNS3.JurnalManajemenInformatika,4(01).Rifai,B.,&Supriyanto,E.(2017).ManagementSystemFailoverDenganRoutingDinamisOpenShortestPathFirst

DanBorderGatewayProtocol.JITK(JurnalIlmuPengetahuanDanTeknologiKomputer),3(1),39-46.Wiguna,A.W.,Herlawati,H.,&Santoso,B.(2013).PenerapanSpanningTreeProtocolTerhadapwideAreaNetwork

(Wan)PadaPT.DutaLestariSentratamaJakarta.JurnalTechnoNusaMandiri,10(1),10-19.

Application of OSPF Network in Spanning Tree Protocol ...

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