Post on 03-Apr-2018
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BYK.G.JAYAANANTH
IV B.E. MECH
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a sheet of graphite rolledinto a cylindrical form
Constructed from
hexagonal rings of carbon have one layer or multiple
layers
have caps at the endsmaking them look like pills
Invented by Sumio Iijima,A Japanese scientist
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CNT: Rolling-up a graphene sheet to form a tube
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Schematicof a CNT
STM imageof CNT
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MWCNT Consist of 2 or more layers of
carbon
Tend to form unordered clumps
SWCNT Consist of just one layer of carbon
Greater tendency to align into
ordered bundles
Used to test theory of nanotubeproperties
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Chirality - twist of thenanotube
Described as the vectorR (n, m)
Armchair vector, Rvector, angle
=0, armchairnanotube
0< < 30, chiralnanotube
> 30, zigzagnanotube
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Diameter : SWCNT 0.6-1.8 nm;
MWCNT 5-100 nm.
Electrical : Metallic/semiconducting.
Density :1.33-1.40 g/cm3(Al: 2.7 g/cm3).
Tensile Strength : 45GPa (High strength steel
alloys:~2GPa).
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Current Carrying
Capacity : 109 A/cm2
(copper:106
A/cm2).
Heat Transmission : 6000W/mK
(Diamond:3320 W/mK).
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High Electrical Conductivity
High Tensile Strength
Highly Flexible, they can be bent considerably withoutdamage
High Thermal Conductivity
Low Thermal Expansion Coefficient
High Aspect Ratio (length = ~1000 x diameter)
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Carbon-carbon bonds are one of the strongestbond in nature
Carbon nanotube is composed of perfect
arrangement of these bonds Extremely high Youngs modulus
Material Youngs modulus (GPa)
Steel 190-210SWNT 1,000+
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Sport equipment
Aerospace
Automotive Fuel cells and batteries
Filtration
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Possibility of Reducing the body weight withimproved performance
Enhancing the structural & sensing propertiesby infusing the body with CNT epoxy
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This will add good electrical conductivityproperties and allow the windscreen andwindows to be connected to a heater and thecar to de-ice easily and quickly.
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Carbon nanotube carbon-carbon compositeshave already been developed for brakingapplications in aerospace industry. Thisensure further weight loss with improved
performance.
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Faster flywheelsCNTs could be used to make faster flywheels that
store more energy without shattering .A flywheel is like a battery in that it stores energy.But unlike a battery, this energy is mechanical and
stored via a wheel rotating at high speed (the fasterthe spin, the more energy it stores). Flywheels offercertain advantages over batteries. But a flywheel, ifspun too fast, can shatter because of the strengthlimits of its material. While Flywheels have seen onlylimited use in amusement rides, race cars and backup
power supplies, using CNTs could allow flywheels tobecome more prevalent in areas like publictransportation and hybrid cars.
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Better capacitors that replace batteries
CNT-Dielectric in capacitors more surfacearea more amount of charge
Less time required for charging
Can be used instantly in electric cars
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Italian motor giant Fiat has taken out a patent on the
use of carbon nanotubes in motor vehicle components,
to produce parts which have integrated sensor ability.
The patent mentions fuel tanks, pipes, seats and
bumpers as possible applications.
Much of the mass of a vehicle is taken up with
equipment and hence there is scope for carbon
nanotubes to be used to achieve massive weight
reduction.
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CNT is used as one of the most promisingnanotechnology materials with applications inautomotive industry.
CNT plays a pivotal role in weight reductionof the vehicle and thereby enhancing the fuelefficiency.