ASER PAKISTAN

Punjab LaunchFebruary10, 2014

Lahore

A Citizen Led Initiative

ASER PARTNERS 10,000 Volunteers – Citizens – Youth !

ASER PAKISTAN 2010-2015

• Citizen led large scale national household survey (3-16 years).

• Quality of education in rural and some urban areas (5-16 years).

• Seeks to provide evidence on learning and access.

• Influence National & Provincial policy and actions for Right To Education (RTE) Article 25-A.

• Provides information for tracking MDG/EFA trends and targets up to 2015.

• Influencing goal setting for Post-2015 agenda.

ASER ASSESSMENT TOOLS

ASER Assessment tools :1. LEARNING

• Reading (Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto)• Arithmetic • English

Assessments are based on Class II level curriculum for English & Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto and Class III level for Arithmetic.

2. HOUSEHOLD SURVEY 3. SCHOOL SURVEY – GOVERNMENT & PRIVATE

Scale of the Survey

36Districts (Rural)

62,634 Children (3-16 Years) | 1,928 Schools | 1,141 Villages |22,704 Households

4Districts (Urban*)

*Urban: Rahim Yar Khan, Multan, Faisalabad, Lahore.

FINDINGS

Enrollment (6-16 Years) RURAL

Enrollment (6-10 Years) RURAL

Out of school children (6-16 Years)

RURALDistrict wise map showing % childrenwho are not in school

Out of school children – Punjab (6-16 Years)

RURALTop 5 districts % of OOSC

1. Gujrat 5.1

2. Narowal 5.9

3. Gujranwala 6.6

4. Chakwal 6.7

5. Rawalpindi 7.3

Bottom 5 districts % of OOSC

1. Rajanpur 40.7

2. Dera Ghazi Khan 29.8

3. Chiniot 27.3

4. Rahim Yar Khan 27.2

5. Bahawalpur 23.8

Out of school children (6-16 Years)

RURALProvince wise map showing % childrenwho are not in school

Enrollment (6-16 Years)

7% Out of School

93%Enrolled

URBAN

The proportion of out of school children (girls & boys) has remained the same.

Gender ComparisonOut of School Children (6-16 years)

RURAL

2011 2012 20130

10

20

30

40

50

7 8 89 8 8

Out-of-school children by gender 6 to 16 years

Boys Girls

% C

hild

ren

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100

10

20

30

40

17 14 12 11 11 9 7 8 6 5

Class-wise enrollment

2011 2012 2013

Class

% C

hild

ren

Class Wise Enrollment

Enrollment decreases as class level increases

RURAL

QUALITY

66%

children in class 5 can read Story in Urdu.

URDULEARNING LEVELS

RURAL

Learning levels remain poor: 34% of the children from Class 5 cannot read Class 2 level story almost similar to 2012.

LEARNING LEVELS URDU

RURAL

Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 60

20

40

60

80

100

27

46

6675

Children who can read story Urdu

2011 2012 2013

% C

hild

ren

(Class 5)

LEARNING LEVELS URDU

RURAL

District wise map showing % children who can read story (Class 2 level)

(Class 5)

LEARNING LEVELS URDU/SINDHI/PASHTO

RURAL

Province wise map showing % children who can read story (Class 2 level)

62%

children in class 5 can read Sentences in English

ENGLISHLEARNING LEVELS

RURAL

Very low improvement over the years: 38% of Class 5 children cannot read sentence in English (Class 2 level) in 2013 compared

to 39% in 2012.

ENGLISHLEARNING LEVELS

RURAL

Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 60

20

40

60

80

100

25

44

6273

Children who can read English sentences

2011 2012 2013

% C

hild

ren

(Class 5)

LEARNING LEVELS ENGLISH

RURAL

District wise map showing % children who can read sentences (Class 2 level)

(Class 5)

LEARNING LEVELS ENGLISH

RURAL

Province wise map showing % children who can read sentences (Class 2 level)

56%

children in class 5 can do 2-digit division

ARITHMETICLEARNING LEVELS

RURAL

Arithmetic learning levels remain the same: 44% of class 5 children cannot do division in 2013 & 2012.

ARITHMETICLEARNING LEVELS

RURAL

Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 60

20

40

60

80

100

19

36

5668

Children who can do division

2011 2012 2013

% C

hild

ren

(Class 5)

LEARNING LEVELS ARITHMETIC

RURAL

District wise map showing % children who can do division (Class 3 level)

(Class 5)

LEARNING LEVELS ARITHMETIC

RURAL

Province wise map showing % children who can do division (Class 3 level)

Girls continue to lag behind boys in language and arithmetic competencies.

BY GENDER (5-16 YEARS)LEARNING LEVELS

RURAL

Boys Girls0

20406080

100

55 54

Learning levels by gender Urdu

Who can read at least sentences

% C

hild

ren

Boys Girls0

20406080

100

59 58

Learning levels by gender English

Who can read at least words%

Chi

ldre

nBoys Girls

0

20

40

60

80

100

54 51

Learning levels by gender Arithmetic

Who can at least do subtraction

% C

hild

ren

TYPE OF SCHOOLLEARNING LEVELS

• 63% of children in government schools (Class 5) while 71% of children in private schools can read a story in Urdu.

• 58% of children in government schools while 70% of children in private schools (Class 5) can read sentences in English.

• 54% of children in government schools while 60% of children in private schools (Class 5) can do division. .

Learning levels of children enrolled in private schools are better

Class 1: Can read at least letters

Class 3: Can read at least sentences

Class 5: Can read at least story

0

20

40

60

80

100

6548

6377

6271

Learning levels by school type Urdu

Government Private

% C

hil

dre

n

Class 1: Can read at least small letters

Class 3: Can read at least words

Class 5: Can read at least sentences

0

20

40

60

80

100

36

58 5851

71 70

Learning levels by school type English

Government Private

% C

hil

dre

n

Class 1: Can rec-ognize at least

numbers (10-99)

Class 3: Can at least do subtraction

Class 5: Can at least do division

0

20

40

60

80

100

33 4554

4760 60

Learning levels by school type Arithmetic

Government Private

% C

hil

dre

n

Rural Urban

Children in urban centers are more inclined to take paid tuition

PAID TUITION

ADDITIONAL LEARNING SUPPORT

2011 2012 2013

0

20

40

60

80

100

16 17 15

3034 34

Children attending paid tuition

Government schools Private schools

% C

hil

dre

n

2011 2012 2013

0

20

40

60

80

100

35 39 39

63

51 44

Children attending paid tuition

Government schools Private schools

% C

hil

dre

n2011 2012 2013

0

20

40

60

80

100

16 17 15

30 34 34

Children attending paid tuition

Government schools Private schools

% C

hil

dre

n

More than 40% out of school children are at more than ‘beginner’ level

OUT OF SCHOOL CHILDRENLEARNING LEVELS

RURAL

Beginner Letters Words Sentences Story

0

20

40

60

80

100

55

11 10 717

Learning levels: out-of-school children Urdu

% C

hil

dre

n

Beginn

er

Capita

l lette

rs

Small

lette

rs

Wor

ds

Senten

ces

0

20

40

60

80

100

59

8 9 10 14

Learning levels: out-of-school children English

% C

hil

dre

n

Beginner Number recognition 1-9

Number recognition 10-

99

Subtraction Division

0

20

40

60

80

100

53

9 15 9 14

Learning levels: out-of-school children Arithmetic

% C

hil

dre

n

Learning levels of children living in urban centers are better compared to rural counter parts.

URBANLEARNING LEVELS

Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 60

20406080

100

39

64 8191

Children who can read story Urdu

2011 2012 2013

% C

hild

ren

Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 60

20406080

100

4864

86 94

Children who can read English sentences

2011 2012 2013

% C

hild

ren

Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 60

20406080

100

26

4973

86

Children who can do di-vision

2011 2012 2013

% C

hild

ren

*Learning levels are taken for children enrolled in Class 5

Enrollment(3-5year)

Enrollment(6-16year)

Learning (Urdu)*

Learning (English)*

Learning (Arithmetic)*

Tuition:Govt.Schools

Tuition:Pvt.Schools

Mother's Education(At least Primary)

53%

84%

66%

62%

56%

15%

34%

37%

61%

94%

81%

86%

73%

39%

44%

63%

Urban Rural

RURAL & URBAN COMPARISON

School Attendance & Facilities

• Teacher attendance in government primary schools is better compared to private primary schools.

• Teacher attendance trends have slightly improved as compared to 2012.

TEACHERATTENDANCE

RURAL

Primary Elementary High Others0

20

40

60

80

10088 88 89 9187 92 93 93

Govt. school Pvt.School

% T

each

er

Overall children attendance is better in government schools

CHILDRENATTENDANCE

RURAL

86% 86% 89% 88% 90% 88% 92% 88%

MULTI-GRADE TEACHING

Rural Urban

Multi-grade teaching is higher in rural areas of Punjab. However, the difference is not much.

Class 2 Class 80

10

20

30

40

50

22

4

3035

Government Private

%Ch

ildre

nClass 2 Class 8

0

10

20

30

40

50

34

13

35

43

Government Private

% C

hild

ren

GOVERNMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL

BASIC FACILITIES

Basic facilities in schools are still missing: 5% government primary schools do not have drinkable water facility, 20% do not have complete boundary walls and 14%

do not have usable toilets.

RURAL

95%

80%

86%

Dissemination with a Difference!Mobilizing a Citizens’ Movement for Quality Education in Pakistan

o ASER Baithaks/Jirgas/Katcheries (village/area gatherings) stakeholders: parents, communities, children, teachers . teachers, parents, children, government field officials to demand ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT!

o Teacher Unions & Associations Baithakso District/Provincial/Federal Education & Literacy Departments

(Local, District, Provincial, National & International)o Youth Groups - mobilizing Ambassadors for Learning o Parliamentarians – politicians knocking on the doors in their

constituencies o Judiciary & Judicial Academies- evidence backed judgments on 25 Ao Academia/University /Research Groups - Pakistan & Abroad o Civil Society Organizations – nationwide- globally o Social Media o Media – Media – Media !

ASER DisseminationSegmented Groups for

Accountability & Action

Supporters of ASER Pakistan

Thank You