LEUKEMIA

DEFINITION Leukemia is a cancer of blood. It is a group of malignant disorders affecting the blood and tissue forming the blood such as: Bone marrow

Lymph system Spleen

Leukemia may affect females and males of all age groups

Leukemic cells replace white blood cells and makes the body very weaker and vulnerable to any infection

TYPES OF LEUKEMIA

Acute Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia(ALL) Acute Myeloid Leukemia(AML)

Chronic Chronic Myeloid Leukemia(CML) Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia(CLL)

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACUTE AND CHRONIC LEUKEMIA

ACUTE CHRONICProgress rapidly Progress slowlySeverely ill Can be asymptomaticHeals without complication Complication arisesCommon in younger age groups

Common in older age groups

Need immediate treatment Treatment can be delayedIt is prominent It is mildPrognosis is predictable Prognosis is unpredictableNormal growth factor levels Lower growth factor levelsNormal level of inflammatory cytokines

Increased level of pro inflammatory cytokines

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

ETIOLOGY Heredity Environmental factors Infections Consumption of alcohol and drugs Smoking Radiation exposure Association with diseases of immunity

DIAGNOSISBlood testBone marrow test BiopsyPhysical testBlood cell examinationCytogenetic

TREATMENTS

Chemotherapy Biological Therapy Targeted Therapy Radiation Therapy Stem Cell Therapy Watchful Waiting Bone Marrow Transplantation

GRAPH REPRESENTING PERCENTAGE OF LEUKEMIA

PATIENTS BASED ON AGE