Post on 10-Apr-2015
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Banana Cultivation
technologiesRincy K Abraham Subject matter Specialist(Horticulture)Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pathanamthitta
1000Types
Earliest crop cultivated by man
- advantages• Steady market price• High nutritive value• All parts have uses• Adapts well for rain fed
and irrigated farming• Suitable for various
cropping systems multiple cropping, inter cropping, relay cropping, companion cropping etc
• 700tonnes Nendran exported to Middle East
• India No 1 in Production• Maharashtra
74,000ha-25,29,300TKERALA 67,500ha-5,22,800 TTAMILNADU
67,000ha- 19,20,000 T
Nutrient composition of banana
constituents availability
Moisture(%) 70-75
Carbohydrate(%) 22-27
Crude fibre(%) 0.5-0.8
Protein(%) 0.8-1.2
Fat(%) 0.2-0.3
Ash(%) 0.7-0.9
Potassium(mg100g) 200-400
Phosphorus(mg\100g) 15-30
Calcium (mg\100g) 20-160
Iron(mg\100g) 0.6-0.8
Beta-carotene(mg\100g) 0.02-0.025
Thiamin(mg\100g) 0.02-0.05
thiamin(mg\100g) 0.02-0.05
Riboflavin(mg\100g) 0.01-0.5
Niacin(mg\100g) 0.7-0.78
Ascorbic acid(mg\100g) 10-12
ENERGY(Calories\100g) 90-105
Nutrient composition of banana
Cont …
Planting Time• Irrigated : September to November• Rain fed : April to May• Pit size 50 x 50 x 50 cm • Cut end of rhizome pointing in
same direction (opposite to the direction of passing of the sun)
Selection Of Planting Material
Water Sucker
Sword Sucker
Tissue Culture Plants
Storage of Suckers
Storing Position Store House
Planting DistanceNendran 2 X 2 2500/ha(1000/ac)
PoovanPalayamkodanMonthan
2.1 X 2.1 2310/ha (924/ac)
Red banana 2.1 X 2.1 2310/ha (924/ac)
Robusta,Dwarf Cavandish
2.4 X 1.8 1600/ha (640/ac)
Nendran HDP (Double)
2 X 3 (2 plants per pit)
3330/ha (1332/ac)
Nendran HDP (Triple)
3.6 X 1.8 (3 plants per pit)
4630/ha (1653/ac)
Planting Operations in High Density planting
Fertilizer Application
From one acre Nendran Banana takes
190 kg Nitrogen = 413 Kg Urea
115 kg Phosphorous = 640 kg Rajphos
300 kg Potash = 500 kg MOP
Apply the fertilizers in splits to minimize loss and increase efficiency
Fertilizer application Nendran Sucker
PlantationTime of application Ureagm Rajphosgm Potashgm
At pitting (1week before planting)
350-500 gm lime/pit
Time of planting F Y M-10kg+1kg neem Cake/ pit
1st month after planting 90g/pit 360g/pit 100g/pit
2nd month after planting 65 280 100
3rd month after planting 65 _ 100
4th month after planting 65 _ 100
5th month after planting 65 100
After bunch emergence 65
Fertilizer application TC Nendran
• Organic manure-15kg-20kg during pit takingTime of application urea Rajphos potash
At piting(1week before planting)
250-500gm lime/pit
1st month after planting 130 360 160
2nd month 130 280 160
3rd moth 130 - 160
4th month 130 - 160
5th month 130 - 160
After bunch emergence 130 - 210
Fertilizer Application : Red Banana
Time Urea Rajphos Potash
At piting(1week before planting)
1Kg lime/pit
At planting time FYM 10-20 kg+ 1kg neem cake/pit
1st month 90g/plant 270g/plant 170g/plant
2nd month 90 270 170
4th month 90 170
5th month 90 170
After bunch emergence 90 100
Fertilizer application for other varieties
(Palayamkodan , Njalipoovan,etc.)
Time Urea(gm/pit)
Rajphos (gm/pit)
Potash(gm/pit)
2nd moth 175-220 450-550 270-330
4th month 175-220 450-550 270-330
Organic Fertilizer Boosters
• Fresh Cow Dung - 3 kg• Ground Nut Cake - 1 kg
• Water - 10 L
Ferment for 10 days , decant the coffee colored supernatant liquid,
dilute with equal quantity of water and apply
In HDP double – apply 25% extra over
normal doseIn HDP triple –apply
75% extra over Normal dose
Potassium sulphate 30g\litre water 2weeks and 4 weeks after complete bunch emergence for bunch weight and colour development
Irrigation• Requirement: 40 l/day once in two days• Basin mulching• HDP –Apply the same quantity
De-suckering and propping
Apply 2 drops of Kerosene after making a “ V” notch in on the suckers
Boron Deficiency
Apply Borax 50 gm /plant .
OR
spray 1gm boric powder+3gm urea + 5 ml soap solution / litre of water
Bunchy top in banana
Use Disease free planting material, control Aphids and destroy diseased plants
Causal Organism – BBT virus
Bunchy top in banana
Apply 25 gm Carbofuran /pit
Kokkan disease/ Banana Bract mosaic Virus
Use Disease free planting material, control Aphids and destroy diseased plants
Sigatoka leaf spotControl:• Bavistin -2g/l or Tilt-1ml/l or Contaf 0.5ml/l
Pseudo stem weevil• Nendran, Red banana more susceptible• Carbaryl 4 gm /chlorpyriphos 3 ml/litre
+ sandovit 1 ml- drench leaf axils ,rhizome and surrounding soil – monthly intervals from 3rd month onwards- 3 times
• Sanitation- remove dry outer sheaths of all plants and spray rec. insecticides
• Neem seed kernel powder 50 gm/banana
• Traps-1 trap/2 cents
PESTS OF BANANA
Banana pseudo stem weevil
Rhizome weevil
PESTS OF BANANA
Rhizome Weevil• Adopt strict field sanitation• Remove suckers immediately after harvest• Remove roots & outer layer of rhizome before
planting, dip in slurry of cow dung + ash and dry in shade for 3-4 days.
• Sevin 4 gm/litre- 30 minutes• Traps for adult weevils- Pseudostem -½ m
length• Pheromone traps- cosmolure – 4/ha• Remove infested rhizomes- deep plough the
land
Spindle leaf miner
Nematodes
• Burrowing nematode, root knot nematode, root lesion & cyst nematode
• Apply neem cake @ 1kg/plant & carbofuran (Furadan) 25g /plant at the time of planting
Precision Banana (Ratoon )linked to SAFAL
Super Class Banana