Post on 31-Mar-2015
transcript
Basic Principles of Airmanship
Airfields
Objectives
• Understand Airfield Layouts
• Know how runways are numbered
• Know how runways & taxiways are marked – by day and night
• Know how approach lights guide an aircraft into land
Types of Airfield
• Grass
• Triangle Pattern
• Main Instrument Runway
Wind Speed 20 Knots
Airspeed 80 Knots
Ground Speed = 60 Knots
Taking off into Wind
Grass Airfield
Triangle Pattern Airfield
Types of Airfield
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of:
• Grass airfields?
• Triangle pattern airfields?
Modern Main Instrument Runway
Major Airport
Modern Main Instrument Runway
Aircraft are vulnerable to attack if lined up!
Aircraft Dispersal (Battle of Britain 1940)
Hardened Aircraft Shelter (HAS) 2004
Exterior of Hardened Aircraft Shelter
Damaged HAS in Iraq 2003
QRA Take Off
Runways numbered by Magnetic Compass Bearing
Runway 22 heading South West
Runway 04 (Reciprocal) heading North East
Runways numbered by Magnetic Compass Bearing
Runway 22 is heading 220°
Air Traffic Control
Windsock – Wind Direction & Strength
Runway & Taxiway Markings
• Runways marked in white
• Taxiways marked in yellow
Taxi way Markings - Yellow
Markings on Approach to Runway
Runway Threshold
Threshold and Displaced Threshold markings
Taxiway
Displacement Markings
Threshold Markings
Sterile Area
Airfield Lighting
Taxiway Lighting – Blue Edge, Green Centre
PAPIs (Red/White)
Threshold (Green)
Approach Lights (White)
Airfield Approach Lights
Threshold Green Lights
White Runway lights
Sterile Area
Red Obstruction Lights
Precision Approach Path Indicators (PAPIs)
Threshold Lights
High Visibility “T”
Approach Lights
Runway Lighting
Lining up on Approach
Lining up on Approach
Landing on Runway 15 – Birmingham Airport
Landing on Runway 15 – Birmingham Airport
Why are taxiway lights and markings so important?
Objectives
• Understand Airfield Layouts
• Know how runways are numbered
• Know how runways & taxiways are marked – by day and night
• Know how approach lights guide an aircraft into land
Questions?
Questions
• What does “HAS” stand for?
What colour are obstruction lights?• What colour are threshold lights?• How are taxiways marked in daylight?• What colours are taxiway lights?• What is used on an airfield to show wind
direction?
Questions
• How are runways numbered?
• True or False: Pilots will usually choose to take off with the wind behind them.
• What is a “Sterile Area”?
• How is a Sterile Area marked?