Behaviorism

By: Bianca Olmo

Behaviorism Menu

What?Who?How?My ESE Classroo

mWorks Cited

What It Is?Behaviorism

Human psychology can only be studied through the examination of behavioral events.

Learning is a change in behavior.

Change induced by:

o Punishment (positive and negative)• Decreases the likelihood the behavior will occur again• Adding or taking away a stimulus

o Reinforcement (positive and Negative)• Increases the likelihood the behavior will occur again• Action -> Reaction -> Knowledge of Appropriate Future

Behavior

Three Types of Behaviorism

1. Methodological Behaviorism Psychology is the science of

behavior, not the mind. Mental states aren’t useful for

empirical study.2. Psychological Behaviorism

Sources for behavior are external, not internal.

Behavior can be explained without mental events.

3. Analytical and Logical Behaviorism Mental concepts should be

translated into behavioral concepts.

Idea of mental state is the idea of behavioral disposition.

.

Who Are The Key Figures?

B.F. Skinner (1904-1990)

Operant Conditioning

Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936)

Classical Conditioning

B.F. Skinner Operant Conditioning

Attempts to modify behavior through reinforcements.

Association between a particular behavior and a consequence.

Example• Parents rewarding a

child with candy or a prize when they get good grades.

Ivan PavlovClassical Conditioning

Automatic type of learning.A stimulus evokes a response

originally evoked by a different stimulus.

Pavlov’s Dogs• Meat powder

(Unconditioned Stimulus)

• Dog’s salivation (Unconditioned Response)

• Bell begins as a Neutral Stimulus but becomes the Conditioned Stimulus

• Salivation after the bell (Conditioned Response)

Pavlov’s Dog Classical Conditioning

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CpoLxEN54ho

How It Would Be Used In The Classroom?

Role of Teachers

Role of Students

What Would The Teachers Do?

ContractsThe relevant behavior should be identified, and terms discussed.

ConsequencesMust occur immediately after the

behavior occurs.

ReinforcementPositive/Negative Reinforcement

and Punishment.

ExtinctionDecreases the chances of a response by withdrawing a

previously reinforced stimulus.

What Would The Students Do?

RewardsStudents receive rewards for appropriate

behaviors.

ConfidencePositive feedback/responses boost

students’ confidence levels.

Behavior ChangesStudents change their inappropriate

behavior to behavior that is acceptable.

Behaviorism In My ESE Classroom

To Avoid Student Frustration‐ Break down large tasks into small

segments‐ Demonstrate and explain each step in a

new task

To Help Overcome Difficulty Processing and Memory

‐ Include extra practice‐ Review materials as often as necessary

Behaviorism In My ESE Classroom

To Keep Students on Task‐ Create predictable routines‐ Incorporate structure into lessons

To Make Sure Students are Absorbing the Material

‐ Gather feedback throughout the lesson

Works CitedResources

• http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/bio_skinner.htm

• http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1904/pavlov-bio.html

• http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/behaviorism?s=t• http://www.learning-theories.com/classical-conditioning-pa

vlov.html• http://www.learning-theories.com/operant-conditioning-ski

nner.html• http://cie.asu.edu/volume8/number10/index.html#behavio

r• http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Behaviori

sm#Educational_Implications• https://www.msu.edu/~mckin115/Matrix/theories/Behavio

rism.htm• http://www.iep.utm.edu/behavior/• http://www.learning-theories.com/behaviorism.html• http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/behaviorism/

Works Cited• http://www.google.com/imgres?

q=behaviorism&um=1&hl=en&biw=1517&bih=741&tbm=isch&tbnid=4WHGivrAYvW-3M:&imgrefurl=http://academics.rmu.edu/~tomei/ed711psy/behave.htm&docid=mqnsbJw0oOhLGM&imgurl=http://academics.rmu.edu/~tomei/ed711psy/Behaviorismcafe.gif&w=675&h=539&ei=N05-T86XOpSs8QTWzMScDg&zoom=1

• http://www.google.com/imgres?q=behaviorism&um=1&hl=en&tbm=isch&tbnid=4mCT6Bnhrr3H1M:&imgrefurl=http://www3.hku.hk/cogsci/wiki/pmwiki.php%3Fn%3DMain.BriefHistoryOfCognitiveScience&docid=3xSybBoa5dOTsM&imgurl=http://www.hku.hk/cogsci/media/philo/emergence.jpg&w=150&h=198&ei=TFB-T-6DHYnk9ASXmfi7Dg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=197&vpy=463&dur=1527&hovh=157&hovw=120&tx=110&ty=134&sig=115527933523406624476&page=3&tbnh=157&tbnw=120&start=43&ndsp=25&ved=1t:429,r:19,s:43,i:275&biw=1517&bih=741

• http://www.google.com/search?um=1&hl=en&biw=1517&bih=741&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=Ivan+Pavlov&oq=Ivan+Pavlov&aq=f&aqi=g10&aql=&gs_l=img.3..0l10.5621l10313l0l10564l11l11l0l3l3l0l187l962l2j6l8l0.frgbld.

• http://www.google.com/imgres?q=B.F.+Skinner&um=1&hl=en&tbm=isch&tbnid=cb1UxbBMbNP45M:&imgrefurl=http://www.intropsych.com/ch05_conditioning/applied_analysis_of_antecedents.html&docid=p9o89zTHVM_6JM&imgurl=http://www.intropsych.com/ch05_conditioning/05skinner.jpg&w=635&h=900&ei=N1Z-T-O3HoWY8gSG1tGODg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=515&vpy=333&dur=19&hovh=266&hovw=187&tx=112&ty=135&sig=115527933523406624476&page=1&tbnh=158&tbnw=111&start=0&ndsp=23&ved=1t:429,r:10,s:0,i:143&biw=1517&bih=741

• http://www.pptbackgrounds.net/blackboard-800-0.html• http://www.google.com/imgres?

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• http://www.google.com/imgres?q=types+of+behaviorism&um=1&hl=en&rlz=1C1AFAB_enUS460US466&biw=1517&bih=741&tbm=isch&tbnid=Fw2kX0BBEMTi1M:&imgrefurl=http://behaviorismpsychology.com/types-of-conditioning-in-behaviorism-psychology&docid=XMrjmDONgiMP_M&imgurl=http://behaviorismpsychology.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Behaviorism-Psychology-2-300x230.jpg&w=300&h=230&ei=ysWBT4PXIbKq0AH5v6TQBw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=1083&vpy=145&dur=1281&hovh=183&hovw=240&tx=126&ty=107&sig=115527933523406624476&page=1&tbnh=125&tbnw=160&start=0&ndsp=31&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:0,i:79

• http://www.google.com/imgres?q=behaviorism&um=1&hl=en&rlz=1C1AFAB_enUS460US466&tbm=isch&tbnid=zSxT0xn9ear_qM:&imgrefurl=http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php%3Ftitle%3DBehaviorism&docid=sb1kV0ByI9G3SM&imgurl=http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/images/c/cf/Behaviorism_2.gif&w=388&h=118&ei=mmJ-T9qKM4Sc9gTdorzsDg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=321&vpy=65&dur=46&hovh=93&hovw=310&tx=142&ty=56&sig=115527933523406624476&page=3&tbnh=80&tbnw=263&start=43&ndsp=25&ved=1t:429,r:14,s:43,i:264&biw=1517&bih=741

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