Bell RingerAnswer this in your notesHypothesize how the promotion of

industrialization in some European countries and the lack of it in others effected WWI (especially Russia)

THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION SECTION 16-3

Learning QuestionsWhat were the conditions in Russia that

led to the development of the Russian Revolution?

How did the conflict between czarist and Bolsheviks lead to civil war? (Reds v. whites)

How was the Russian Revolution a function of the global conflicts of WWI?

How was the political and economic system of the Soviet Union and communism a departure from imperial and capitalist systems?

I. Background to RevolutionRussia was not prepared

for WWI (no experienced military leaders, industry was not able to produce the needed weapons)

Due to these problems Russia suffered severe losses in the early years of the war (2 million dead between 1914 and 1916)

The Czar went to the battlefront to hopefully inspire his troops.

Background to RevolutionWhile the Czar was

away his wife made all the important decisions for Russia.

The Czarina consulted with, and was influenced by, Rasputin a peasant “holyman” who she believed was the only person who could save her son (who was a hemophiliac).

Background to RevolutionRussia suffered

economically (people were starving), the nation had no real leadership.

Feeling something must be done Rasputin was assassinated.

Background to RevolutionStrikes shutdown

the nation and the Czar ordered troops to break up the crowds, shooting them if necessary.

Many of the soldiers joined the movement rather than kill their fellow countrymen.

Background to RevolutionThe Duma (legislative

body) voted in a new government and asked the Czar to step down (with no support he did give up his position).

The new government chose to carry on the war (a devastating decision).

Last known picture of Czar Nicholas II

Q. How did World War I contribute to the start of the Russian Revolution?

II. The Rise of LeninThe Bolsheviks

became the leading party vying for power.

They were led by V.I. Lenin, who believed a violent revolution was the only way to destroy the old system.

He believed a small group of disciplined revolutionaries could lead.

II. The Rise of LeninLenin had been exiled from Russia,

but after the Czar stepped down Lenin persuaded the German government to send him to Russia to perhaps pull Russia out of the war.

Upon returning to Russia Lenin told the people what they wanted to hear (end the war, redistribute the land, transfer factories to workers hands, and give the power of government to the SOVIETS(small representative bodies from all over Russia)).

Q. What promises did the Bolsheviks make to the Russian people?

III. The Bolsheviks Seize PowerThe Bolsheviks

flooded the capital and took control of Russia n October 1917.

While Lenin claimed the power of government was in the hands of the soviets he called the shots.

The Bolsheviks changed their name to communists.

Russian Revolution 1917

III. The Bolsheviks Seize PowerIn order to get Russia out

of the war (as promised) Lenin signed the treaty of Brest-Litovsk, which gave up a large amount of territory to Germany (eastern Poland, Ukraine, Finland, and Baltic provinces).

Although Lenin believed he had achieved peace for Russia he actually started a civil war at home.

Q. Why did Lenin sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

IV. Civil War in RussiaSeveral groups opposed

Lenin’s communist party (people loyal to the Czar, Liberals , anti-Lenin socialists, and the Allies)

The Allies supported these anti-Lenin groups with food and weapons in hopes of a return to the old regime.

The civil war was fought by the communist (reds) and the anti-communist (whites)

IV. Civil War in RussiaAfter winning early

the whites eventually fell to the reds and the communist party became the ruling government of Russia.

The royal family was murdered during the civil war by the communists to stem the anti-communist’s motivation.

Royal Family Under House Arrest

Anastasia and the Royal Family

Cellar Room Where Royal Family was Murdered

Romanov Massacre

Romanov Massacre

Romanov’s Re-Buried in Moscow in 1998

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3eAdBHwUr5w

Q. What was the White army? What groups made it up?

V. Triumph of the CommunistsReasons the reds won

disciplined army, military draft, whites were not unified with no common

goal the reds also used WAR COMMUNISM

that insured regular suppliessecret police known as the CHECKA.

The Cheka began a red terror to destroy all opposition.

Q. why did the communists win the civil war in Russia?