Post on 14-Jan-2016
transcript
Bell Ringer
• What are Three adaptations for the fetal circulations? – Ductus Venous– Ductus Arteriosus– Fetal Umbilicous– Umbilical Cord
Heart Diseases & Complications
Congenital Heart Disease
• What is it? – abnormalities in cardiovascular structures that
occur before birth.
– This defect often appears while the fetus is developing
– While it is considered a childhood disease, most will experience symptoms again in adulthood
Causes
• During the first month of development, your heart is a vague representation of 2 sides and 4 chambers
• During the development of these chambers and vessels deformities can occur
• Actual Cause is unknown– genetics
Symptoms
• Abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias)
• A bluish tint to the skin
• Shortness of breath
• Tiring quickly upon exertion
• Dizziness or fainting
• Swelling of body tissue or organs
Treatment
• Regular check ups
• Medications– Prevent blood clots
• Implantable heart devices– pacemaker
• Open heart surgery
• Heart transplant
Coronary Heart Disease
• What is it?– Your coronary arteries become damaged or
diseased– Plaque build up is the main cause– Is developed over decades
Cause
•Smoking
•High blood pressure
•High cholesterol
•Diabetes or insulin resistance
•Radiation therapy to the chest, as used for certain types of cancer
•Sedentary lifestyle
Symptoms
• Chest Pain
• Shortness of breath
• Lead up to heart attacks
Treatments
• Coronary artery bypass surgery• Drugs
– Cholesterol modifying meds– Aspirin– Beta Blockers– Nitroglycerin
• Life style changes– Quit smoking– Eat healthy/ exercise – Reduce stress
Cardiomyopathy
• What is it?– The left ventricle stretches and thins (dilates)
and can't pump blood as well as a healthy heart can.
– Abnormality of the heart muscle
Cause
• Genetics• Congenital heart
defects• Infections, including
those caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites
• Drug and alcohol abuse• Certain cancer
medications
• Exposure to toxins, such as lead, mercury and cobalt
• Coronary artery disease or heart attack
• High blood pressure (hypertension)
• Diabetes• Complications of late-
stage pregnancy
Symptoms
• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath when you're active or lying down
• Reduced ability to exercise
• Swelling in your legs, ankles and feet
• Swelling of your abdomen
Treatments
• Medications – Beta blockers– Digoxin– Blood thinning medication
• Devices– Biventricular pacemaker– Implantable cardioverter- defibrillator– Heart pumps
Heart Failure
• What is it?– Congestive heart failure– Multiple diseases lead to the weakening of the
heart
Cause
• Left/ right sided heart failure
• Systolic heart failure• Diastolic heart failure• High blood pressure• Faulty heart valves • Myocarditis • Congenital• Damage
Symptoms
• Fatigue and weakness• Swelling• Rapid or irregular
heartbeat• Persistent cough or
wheezing• Swelling of the
abdomen• nausea
• Sudden and sever shortness of breath
Treatment
• Medications appointed to the cause of heart failure
• Other treatments include – Bypass surgery– Heart valve repair/ replacement – Heart transplant
Video• Congenital Heart Disease surgery
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=njqsI5Ijfdc
• Heart Attack – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_VsHmo
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