Post on 18-Jan-2018
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Bellwork 2-3-15
Need to Know
• Using the section titled An Insecticide Called Neonicotinoid, what is a neonicotinoid? How is it believed to be related to the die off of bees? Use complete sentences.
• Reminders– Study Island due Monday– Mitosis quiz this Thursday
Objectives• Describe the relationship among genes, Describe the relationship among genes,
chromosomes, and inherited traits. chromosomes, and inherited traits. (SPI 0707.4.3) (SPI 0707.4.3)
• Sequence a series of diagrams that Sequence a series of diagrams that depict chromosome movement during depict chromosome movement during plant cell division. (SPI 0707.1.4)plant cell division. (SPI 0707.1.4)
Mitosis ReviewMitosis Review1.1. Interphase- DNA is copiedInterphase- DNA is copied2.2. Prophase- Chromatin (DNA wrapped Prophase- Chromatin (DNA wrapped
around protein) forms into chromatids around protein) forms into chromatids 3.3. Metaphase- Chromatids line up in the Metaphase- Chromatids line up in the
middle of the cellmiddle of the cell4.4. Anaphase- Chromatids separateAnaphase- Chromatids separate5.5. Telophase- two new nuclei form around Telophase- two new nuclei form around
the chromatin the chromatin 6.6. Cytokinesis- two new cells formCytokinesis- two new cells form
MitosisMitosis: : process of a process of a
somatic (body) cell somatic (body) cell dividing to produce dividing to produce
an exact copy of an exact copy of itselfitself
Create the Phases of Mitosis• Use the cards at your group to Use the cards at your group to
sequence a series of diagrams that sequence a series of diagrams that depict chromosome movement depict chromosome movement during cell division (mitosis) on during cell division (mitosis) on your desk. Label each box with the your desk. Label each box with the phase name and draw each phase phase name and draw each phase in the boxes on your note sheet.in the boxes on your note sheet.
MitosisMitosisInterphaseInterphaseDNA is copied DNA is copied
(in chromatin (in chromatin form)form)
Centrioles copy Centrioles copy
Animal Cell Plant Cell
chromatin
MitosisMitosisProphaseProphaseDNA condenses into DNA condenses into
chromatidschromatidsSpindle fibers begin Spindle fibers begin
to formto formCentrioles move to Centrioles move to
opposite sidesopposite sidesNuclear membrane Nuclear membrane
breaks apartbreaks apart
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
chromatids
MitosisMitosisMetaphaseMetaphaseChromatids Chromatids
(chromosomes) (chromosomes) line up across line up across the center of the the center of the cellcell
Spindle fibers Spindle fibers attach to the attach to the centromeres centromeres (center of the (center of the chromsome)chromsome)
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
spindle fibers
MitosisMitosisAnaphaseAnaphaseSpindle fibers Spindle fibers
pull the pull the chromatids to chromatids to opposite ends opposite ends of the cellof the cell
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
MitosisMitosisTelophaseTelophaseTwo new nuclei Two new nuclei
form around form around the chromatidsthe chromatids
Chromosomes Chromosomes unwind back unwind back into chromatininto chromatin
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Cytoplasm still attached
MitosisMitosisCytokinesisCytokinesisDivision of the Division of the
cytoplasm cytoplasm and the rest and the rest of the cellof the cell
Two new Two new daughter daughter cells!cells!
Animal Cells
Plant Cells
In In sexual reproductionsexual reproduction, two parent , two parent cells join together to form offspring cells join together to form offspring that are different from both parents.that are different from both parents.
These parent cells are called These parent cells are called sex sex cells cells (sperm & egg).(sperm & egg).
Sex cells are made during Sex cells are made during meiosismeiosis..
MeiosisMeiosis
Challenge Question• If sex cells, created during meiosis, are
part of sexual reproduction where two parent cells join together to form offspring that are different from both parents, what type of reproduction would the cells in mitosis be a part of if they come from one cell and are identical to the parent cell?
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTIONASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
MeiosisMeiosisprocess of a cell process of a cell
dividing to produce dividing to produce 44 cells with half the cells with half the genetic materialgenetic material
Why do the cells produced in Why do the cells produced in meiosis only need half of the genetic meiosis only need half of the genetic
material?material?
MeiosisMeiosisInterphase IInterphase IDNA copies DNA copies
Centrioles copy Centrioles copy
MeiosisMeiosisProphase IProphase IDNA DNA organized into organized into
chromatidschromatidsSpindle fibers formSpindle fibers formCentrioles move to Centrioles move to
opposite sides opposite sides Nuclear membrane Nuclear membrane
breaks apartbreaks apart
MeiosisMeiosisMetaphase IMetaphase IChromatids line Chromatids line
up on each side up on each side of the center of of the center of the cellthe cell
Spindle fibers Spindle fibers attach attach chromosomeschromosomes
Meiosis is a bit different because there something called crossing-over happens with the DNA.
This crossing over is an exchange of genes. The genes are mixed up, not resulting in a perfect duplicate like mitosis.
MeiosisMeiosisAnaphase IAnaphase ISpindle fibers Spindle fibers
pull the pull the chromosome chromosome pairs apart pairs apart to opposite to opposite ends of the ends of the cellcell
MeiosisMeiosisTelophase ITelophase ITwo new nuclei Two new nuclei
formformChromosomes Chromosomes
unwind unwind (chromatin)(chromatin)
MeiosisMeiosisCytokinesisCytokinesisCytoplasm Cytoplasm
splitssplitsTwo cellsTwo cells
Predict what happens next in Interphase II
Cytokinesis Interphase II
Keep in mind the four cells at the end of meiosis only get HALF of the genetic material…
MeiosisMeiosisInterphase IIInterphase IICell restsCell restsDNA DOES DNA DOES
NOTNOT duplicateduplicate
CentriolesCentrioles duplicateduplicate
MeiosisMeiosisProphase IIProphase IIDNA organized DNA organized into into
chromatidschromatidsSpindle fibers formSpindle fibers formCentrioles move to Centrioles move to
opposite sidesopposite sidesNuclear membrane Nuclear membrane
breaks apartbreaks apart
MeiosisMeiosisMetaphase IIMetaphase IIChromosomes Chromosomes
line up across line up across the center of the center of the cellthe cell
Spindle fibers Spindle fibers attach to the attach to the chromosomeschromosomes
MeiosisMeiosisAnaphase IIAnaphase IISpindle fibers Spindle fibers
pull the pull the chromatids chromatids to opposite to opposite ends of the ends of the cellcell
MeiosisMeiosisTelophase IITelophase IITwo new nuclei Two new nuclei
form around the form around the chromatidschromatids
Chromosomes Chromosomes unwind unwind (chromatin)(chromatin)
MeiosisMeiosisCytokinesisCytokinesisCytoplasm splits Cytoplasm splits 4 new cells!4 new cells!Each cell with Each cell with
only half of the only half of the genetic genetic informationinformation
Mitosis vs. Meiosis Drawings
• Complete each circle to represent each stage of mitosis and meiosis
Exit: Mitosis vs. Meiosis Venn Diagram