Beyond Passive House

2011 North American Passive House Conference Bruce Sullivan, Green Building Consultant

Topics

•  Third-party Certification •  Energy Labeling

– Energy Performance Score •  Net Zero

•  ENERGY STAR –  Indoor airPlus – WaterSense

•  Green Certifications – Earth Advantage – LEED for Homes

EAI: Areas of Expertise

! Consulting

! Certification Programs

! Technical services

! Program development,

licensing, & management

! Education and training

! Quality Control & oversight

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Perception

Reality

Home buying decision?

•  Cost per square foot •  Neighborhood •  Amenities •  Family needs •  Entertaining •  RV Storage

Third-party certification

Benefits of Certification

•  Comprehensive •  Credible •  Up to date •  Quality checked •  Performance tested •  Valued in the market

Elements of Third-party Certification

Design Assistance

•  Green materials and techniques

•  Energy modeling •  Staff training

Elements of Third-party Certification

Building Envelope Size

Insulation

quantity

quality

Air tightness

Windows and doors

Elements of Third-party Certification

Equipment Requirements

Heating equipment

Water heaters

Dishwashers

Lighting

Fresh air ventilation

Elements of Third-party Certification

Mechanical Systems

•  Proper sizing

•  Duct sealing and testing

•  Ducts inside

•  Zonal pressure relief

•  Combustion zone testing

Performance Testing

Earth Advantage Certification

Tiers •  Silver •  Gold •  Platinum

Targeted at mainstream Builder friendly Simple checklist/points system Modest cost

Earth Advantage 2008 Points Worksheet

Tiers Silver 90 Gold 120 Platinum 140

Earth Advantage 2008 Points Worksheet

Online Platform

Certification Programs

What’s a simple fella to do?

Efficiency vs. Consumption

MPG or Gallons?

Why energy labeling? •  Guides performance •  Guides behavior •  Drives market •  Promotes improvements •  Enables comparison

National labeling efforts

! HERS Index ! EnergySmart Home Scale

! Energy Performance Score (EPS)

! HES-Pro ! Home Energy Score (US DOE)

Energy Labeling

Two elements – Modeling engine – Communication/

Management Tool

HERS index ! HERS index a recognized index

of efficiency

! Used in EEM and EIM products

! Modeling tool used by RESNET raters

! HERS index on 100 – 0 scale indicates energy efficiency relative to HERS reference home

! HERS index does not factor house size

! HERS index works well for new homes to calculate delta

! Non-comparable between homes

! Does not offer sense of magnitude of energy use

EPS (consumption) Score of 62

EPS (consumption) Score of 178

Consumption vs Index Both homes have an EE Index HERS score of 70…

Index vs. actual consumption

! Asset label should indicate energy consumption

! Asset label to account for house size

! Asset label should allow home-to-home comparison

! Asset label could highlight carbon measure

Desirable outcomes of energy labeling

! Asset label to address new and existing homes

! Offer mechanism to assess increased appraised value

!  M&V builders and contractors; validates retrofit

!  Empower Realtors with sales proposition

!  Scale incentives to labeled performance

!  Link housing stock to carbon footprint & GHG reduction goals

!  Offer transparent tracking for Program Administrators of the energy and carbon improvements

MPG for new & existing homes

Asset rating: The needed MPG for homes Absolute annual site energy consumption Associated annual carbon emissions

Energy Performance Score (EPS)

Why was the EPS developed? •  Needed to provide clarity to certification claims •  Needed to allow home-to-home comparison •  Needed to quantify energy consumption •  Needed something builders could brag about •  Needed to educate homebuyers about a home’s energy use

and associated carbon emitted

Energy Performance Score

The Energy Performance Score

Where EPS is used

•  Oregon •  Washington •  Massachusetts •  Virginia

Free market adoption

“We use EPS information as a marketing tool to help sell our homes. The EPS is an amazingly innovative tool that will help us transform the Seattle real estate market.” -- Aaron Fairchild, president of G2B Ventures, Seattle-based real estate investment firm.

Multiple Listings

The EPS Program Infrastructure A Holistic Modular Approach

State of Washington pilots

Community PowerWorks (financing)

Audit & Energy Labeling

Auditor Training

Realtor & Appraiser Education

Web Portal

Competitive contractor bids

BPI QA

The EPS Ecosystem

Lender

Insurer

Appraiser

Real Estate Broker

Preferred mortgage rate

Utility

preferred premium

Incentives, rewards

Home builder

Energy Auditor/Contractor

Reflect high building performance

Before and after QC

Workforce training, bigger pie

More EE comp data for higher evaluation

More info to help sell

EPS listing, just like property taxes

Increasing jobs, scaling the market

QC Auditor

EPS Web Portal

Remodeler/ Energy Contractors

BPI-certified Energy Auditor

Audit coordination, EPS score, recommendation report

Lenders

Competitive bid

Competitive bid

Competitive bid

Competitive bids

Database

City/Utility/Program Manager

EE/CO2 Data

Home owner

Before and after QC

Utility

Incentives, rewards

EPS architecture

!  Cloud-based database with embedded EPS SIMPLE algorithm ! Wireless data entry in the field. !  ARRA reporting

Auditor Interface: Audit Preview Screen

EPS architecture Web Information Portal

!  Trust: consumer ratings of contractors

!  Simplicity: finance approval & contractor bid review and scheduling

!  Accountability: Post-job EPS audit validates increased performance

Passive House and EPS

Heating, Cooling, DHW, Auxiliary and Household Electricity 1.3 3.5 1.92 kWh/(ft2yr) kWh/(ft2yr) lb/(ft2yr)

Total Primary Energy Use Intensity 3.5 kWh/(ft2yr)

Total Emissions, CO2-Equivalent 1.9 lb/(ft"yr) (Yes/No)

Primary Energy

Requirement 11.1 kWh/(ft2yr) Yes

Final Energy Primary Energy Emissions CO2-Equivalent

CHOOSE UNITS: kWh/(ft2yr) kWh/(ft2yr) lb/(ft2yr)

Final Energy X Treated Floor Area = EPS

Operational vs. Embodied Energy

A Life Cycle Assessment Based Approach to Prioritizing Methods of Preventing Waste from Residential Building Construction, Remodeling, and Demolition in the State of Oregon, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, 2009

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Net-Zero

A building that produces as much energy as it consumes over the

course of one year.

Typical Oregon home = 100,000 btu/year 29,300 kWh/year

Average House

29,000 kWh/year = 24Kw PV system

The Energy Pyramid

Source: Earth Advantage

Renewables - Solar hot water - Photovoltaic panels - Wind machines

Equipment - High efficiency - Ducts inside - Ductless heat pump

Windows - Triple pane - Low-e - Gas fill

Building Shell - Insulation - Air sealing

Plug Loads Dominate

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Heating 19%

Cooling 5%

Water Heat 13%

Plug 63%

Energy Savings Example

Marine High Desert

Wall from R30 to R40 100,000 200,000

Floor R38 to R44 300,000 500,000

Window U-0.28 to U-0.22

400,000 700,000

HSPF 9.5 to 10.5 200,000 300,000

ACH 2.5 to 1.5 300,000 700,000

1 kW PV 3.7 mmBtu 4.8 mmBtu

Btus 15

14 s

quar

e fo

ot h

ouse

Cost per Million Btus

Marine High Desert

Solar water heater $513 $366

Photovoltaic $450 $330

Optimize Efficiency and Generation

Parker, D., " Very Low Energy Homes in the United States: Perspectives on Performance from Measured Data", Prepared for the National Academy of Sciences and submitted to Energy & Buildings, August 2008.

Energy Monitoring

!

EcoVentures NW

Earth Advantage Zero Energy

•  Building certification: ENERGY STAR, Earth Advantage or equivalent

•  Projected EPS equals 0

•  Performance testing: –  Blower door –  Ventilation balancing –  Equipment commissioning

•  Energy-use monitoring

Bruce Sullivan, bsullivan@earthadvantage.org

Thank you!