Biological Biological ControlControl

& & Modified Banker Modified Banker

PlantsPlantsL.S. OsborneL.S. Osborne

ModifiedModifiedBanker PlantsBanker Plants

Uses alternate hosts Uses confined hosts Potential to sell entire

system May be specific to region Can move plants out if

pesticides are needed

Used to establish natural Used to establish natural enemiesenemies

Used to augment natural Used to augment natural enemiesenemies

Used to increase natural enemy Used to increase natural enemy numbersnumbers

Used to evaluate quality of Used to evaluate quality of natural enemiesnatural enemies

ModifiedModifiedBanker PlantsBanker Plants

Used to evaluate quality of Used to evaluate quality of natural enemiesnatural enemies

Used to slow Used to slow PESTICIDE PESTICIDE RESISTANCERESISTANCE

Can be integrated with pesticides if necessary

TRAINING!TRAINING!

ModifiedModifiedBanker PlantsBanker Plants

SCOUTSCOUTSCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT

SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT

SCOUTSCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT SCOUT

SCOUT SCOUTSCOUT SCOUT

Biological Biological

ControlControl WHYWHY??

100% 100% Reliance on Reliance on Pesticides =Pesticides =

RESISTANCRESISTANCEE

Crisis!Crisis!

Biological Biological ControlsControlsParasitesParasitesPredatorsPredatorsPathogensPathogens

Natural enemies

Parasitoid

• Pathogen or nematode

• Predator

• Hyperparasite

• Parasite

TYPICAL RELEASETYPICAL RELEASEMETHODSMETHODS

SSeasonal Inoculative easonal Inoculative

0

0.5

1

1 2 3 4 5 6

Time Time ((monthsmonths))

EILEIL

IIntroduce ntroduce natural enemiesnatural enemies

BeginCycle End

CycleBeginCycle

EconomicsEconomics

Problems-

AvailabilityAvailability

Problems-

Quality Quality ControlControl

Problems-

PesticidePesticideInteractionInteraction

ss

Problems-

Modified Modified Banker Banker PlantsPlants

(Open Rearing Systems)(Open Rearing Systems)

Solution?

Isolation Area 1Clean Host PlantsClean Host Plants

Isolation Area 2Isolation Area 2Infested Host PlantsInfested Host Plants

Isolation Area 3Isolation Area 3Infest with Natural Infest with Natural

EnemiesEnemies

Banker Banker PlantsPlants

0

0.5

1

1 2 3 4 5 6

Time Time ((monthsmonths))

EILEIL

IIntroduce ntroduce banker plantsbanker plants

BeginCycle End

CycleBeginCycle

BP=BP= Pollen Producing Plants or Pollen Producing Plants orGrainGrain

AH=AH= Stored Product Mite or Stored Product Mite or PollenPollen

NE=NE= Amblyseius swirskii, A. Amblyseius swirskii, A. cucumeris, Oriuscucumeris, Orius

THRIPSTHRIPS

Banker System(without a plant)

Amblyseius swirskiiAmblyseius swirskii

A sachet contains bran, A sachet contains bran, Carpoglyphus lactisCarpoglyphus lactis (Dried (Dried Fruit Mite or Sugar Mite) and the predatory miteFruit Mite or Sugar Mite) and the predatory mite

A. swirskiiA. swirskii..

BP=BP= Potato or Squash Potato or SquashAH=AH= The mealybug pest The mealybug pestNE=NE= Parasitoids and PredatorsParasitoids and Predators

MEALYBUGSMEALYBUGS(open rearing system)(open rearing system)