BIOLOGY

30 Nov 2015

Entry Task

Grab your science notebook from the front table. In your notebook… •  List at least 3 things you know about cells •  If you cannot think of any, look at figure 7-6, p. 196

for ideas.

•  Entry Task •  Housekeeping •  Chapter 7 Essential Question •  Section 7.1 (Life is Cellular) •  Exit Ticket

Agenda

Housekeeping

Chapter 2 Exam •  Study guide •  Retake exam Notebooks •  Organization

Chapter 7 Cell Structure and Function

Chpt 7 Essential Question

How are cell structures adapted to their functions?

p. 188

Chapter 7 Sections

7.1 Life is Cellular •  Why is it important to study cells? 7.2 Cell Structure •  How do cell structures enable a cell to carry out basic life

processes? 7.3 Cell Transport •  How does a cell transport materials across the cell

membrane? 7.4 Homeostasis and Cells •  How does a cell maintain homeostasis both within itself

and as part of a multicellular organism?

7.1 Life is Cellular

Learning Objectives

7.1.1 State the cell theory. 7.1.2 Describe how the different types of microscopes work. 7.1.3 Distinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Learning Objectives

•  p. 190 (Prokaryote) •  Frayer Model

Prokaryote

Definition: Facts/Characteristics:

Sentence: Picture:

Discovery of the Cell

Robert Hooke (1665) •  Looked at nonliving cork through

early microscope. •  Observed tiny empty chambers. •  Called the chambers “cells”. Anton van Leeuwenhoek •  Looked at living organisms in the human mouth. •  Today they are called “bacteria”.

p. 190

Discovery of the Cell

The Cell Theory •  The cell discoveries made by

scientists were summarized in the “cell theory”.

•  The cell theory states:

- All living things are made up of cells. - Cells are the basic units in living things. - New cells are produced from existing cells.

p. 191

Cork  Cells  

Exploring the Cell

How do we observe cells? •  Microscopes. How do microscopes work? •  They use lenses to magnify the image of an object by

focusing light or electrons.

p. 191-192

Exploring the Cell

Compound Light Electron Microscope Microscope

p. 191-192

Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes

•  Read p. 193-194 and identify similarities & differences. •  The chart does not represent how many there are.

Prokaryote Eukaryote Does NOT enclose genetic material (DNA) within a nucleus

Contains a nucleus, enclosing genetic material (DNA)

Generally simpler and smaller (1-5 µm)

Larger and more complex (10-100 µm)

Contains a cell membrane Contains a cell membrane Within single celled organisms Within multicellular organisms Glides/slides through liquid Glides/slides through liquid (blood) Examples: Bacteria, Virus Examples: Animals, Plants, & Fungi

Exit Ticket

Question: What is the most significant difference between prokaryote and eukaryote cells? Reflection: How will you remember this difference?

BIOLOGY

1 Dec 2015

Entry Task

In your notebook… •  List as many cell organelles as you can.

•  Entry Task •  Housekeeping •  Section 7.2 (Cell Structure) •  POGIL – Organelles in Eukaryotes •  Chapter 2 Exam Review

Agenda

Housekeeping

To be determined

7.2 Cell Structure

Learning Objectives

7.2.1 Describe the structure and function of the cell nucleus. 7.2.2 Describe the role of vacuoles, lysosomes, and cytoskeleton. 7.2.3 Identify the role of ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus in making proteins.

Learning Objectives

•  p. 196 (Lysosome, Ribosome, & Chloroplasts) •  Frayer Model

Lysosome

Definition: Facts/Characteristics:

Sentence: Picture:

Cell Organization

Cells can be divided into 2 major components: •  Nucleus •  Cytoplasm = portion of the

cell outside the nucleus

Within the cytoplasm are…

•  Organelles (“little organs”) = specialized organs within the cell.

p. 196

Nucleus Lysosome

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi Apparatus

Nucleolus Chromatin

Centrioles

Cytoskeleton

Ribosome Cytoplasm Plasma Membrane Mitochondria

Cell Organization

Eukaryotic cell = Factory •  Organelles = Specialized machines & assembly lines. Nucleus = Main office •  Control center. •  Contains DNA. •  Contains coded instructions for proteins & other

important molecules. p. 197

Organelles that… Store

Vacuoles & Vesicles = Storage Facility •  Stores materials like water, salts, proteins, &

carbohydrates.

p. 198

Organelles that… Clean Up

Lysosome = Cleaning Crew •  Breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, & proteins into

small molecules for use by the cell. •  Involved in breaking down

organelles that have outlived their usefulness.

p. 198

Nucleus Lysosome

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi Apparatus

Nucleolus Chromatin

Centrioles

Cytoskeleton

Ribosome Cytoplasm Plasma Membrane Mitochondria

Organelles that… Support

Cytoskeleton = Steel/Concrete Beams •  Helps maintain the cells

shape. •  Involved in cell movement. •  Made up of 2 principle

protein filaments:

- Microfilaments = flexible framework. - Microtubules = help separate chromosomes during cell division.

p. 199

Nucleus Lysosome

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi Apparatus

Nucleolus Chromatin

Centrioles

Cytoskeleton

Ribosome Cytoplasm Plasma Membrane Mitochondria

Organelles that… Build Proteins

Ribosomes = Making Proteins •  Produces proteins

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum •  Assembles lipid components

of cell membrane Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum •  Synthesis of membrane lipids & detoxification of drugs

p. 200-201

Nucleus Lysosome

Smooth ER

Rough ER

Golgi Apparatus

Nucleolus Chromatin

Centrioles

Cytoskeleton

Ribosome Cytoplasm Plasma Membrane Mitochondria

Organelles that… Build Proteins

Golgi Apparatus = Customization Shop •  Modifies, sorts, & packages proteins and other

materials

p. 200-201

Nucleus Lysosome

Smooth ER

Rough ER

Golgi Apparatus

Nucleolus Chromatin

Centrioles

Cytoskeleton

Ribosome Cytoplasm Plasma Membrane Mitochondria

BIOLOGY

2 Dec 2015

Entry Task

Take the last few moments to study. •  Be prepared to turn in study guide.

•  Entry Task •  Chapter 2 Exam Retake •  Housekeeping •  Section 7.2 (Cell Structure) •  POGIL – Organelles in Eukaryotes

Agenda

Chapter 2 Exam

Clear off your desks. Remember this is an exam. •  No talking. •  Keep your eyes on your own paper. Do not write on the question sheet. When you are finished: •  Place the question sheet and your answer sheet on the

front table face down. •  Silently read chapter 7 or complete any missing

assignments.

Housekeeping

To be determined

7.2 Cell Structure Continued

Learning Objectives

7.2.4 Describe the function of chloroplasts and mitochondria in the cell. 7.2.5 Describe the function of the cell membrane.

Learning Objectives

•  p. 196 (Mitochondria & Hypertonic) •  Frayer Model

Mitochondria

Definition: Facts/Characteristics:

Sentence: Picture:

BIOLOGY

3 Dec 2015

Entry Task

To be determined.

•  Entry Task •  Housekeeping •  Section 7.2 (Cell Structure) •  Exit Ticket

Agenda

Housekeeping

To be determined

7.3 Cell Transport

Learning Objectives

7.3.1 State the cell theory. 7.3.2 Describe how the different types of microscopes work. 7.3.3 Distinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

7.4 Homeostasis and Cells

Learning Objectives

7.4.1 Explain how unicellular organisms maintain homeostasis. 7.4.2 Explain how multicellular organisms maintain homeostasis.