Post on 14-Jun-2015
transcript
DNA Replication
By Brittney Manges
A T
GC
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A
T A
G C
A T
= Adenine
T =Thymine
G = Guanine
C = Cytosine
DNA helicase breaks the the bonds and unzips DNA.
= Sugars = Primer
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G = Guanine
C = Cytosine
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
=Helicase
= Sugars = Primer
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
Key
= Phosphate =Helicase = Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G = Guanine
C = Cytosine
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
= Sugars = Primer
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G = Guanine
C = Cytosine
=Helicase
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
= Sugars = Primer
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G = Guanine
C = Cytosine
=Helicase
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
= Sugars = Primer
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G = Guanine
C = Cytosine
=Helicase
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
= Sugars = Primer
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G = Guanine
C = Cytosine
=Helicase
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
= Sugars = Primer
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars = Primer
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G = Guanine
C = Cytosine
=Helicase
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G = Guanine
C = Cytosine
=Helicase
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
= Sugars = Primer
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G = Guanine
C = Cytosine
=Helicase
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
= Sugars = Primer
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G = Guanine
C = Cytosine
=Helicase
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
= Sugars = Primer
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G
C = Cytosine
= Guanine
=Helicase
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
= Primer
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
T A
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G
C = Cytosine
= Guanine
=Helicase
= Primer
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
T A
GC
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G
C = Cytosine
= Guanine
=Helicase
= Primer
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
T A
GC
TA
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G
C = Cytosine
= Guanine
=Helicase
= Primer
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
T A
GC
TA
CG
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G
C = Cytosine
= Guanine
=Helicase
= Primer
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
T A
GC
TA
CG
AT
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G
C = Cytosine
= Guanine
=Helicase
= Primer
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
T A
GC
TA
CG
AT
C G
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G
C = Cytosine
= Guanine
=Helicase
= Primer
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
T A
GC
TA
CG
AT
C G
A T
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G
C = Cytosine
= Guanine
=Helicase
= Primer
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’
T A
GC
TA
CG
AT
C G
A T
CG
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G
C = Cytosine
= Guanine
=Helicase
= Primer
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’ T A
GC
TA
CG
AT
C G
A T
CG
AT
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G
C = Cytosine
= Guanine
=Helicase
= Primer
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
A T
G
T A
G C
A T
C G
T A
G C
A T
C
5’
5’
3’
3’ T A
GC
TA
CG
AT
C G
A T
CG
AT
Key
= Phosphate
= Sugars
A = Adenine
T =Thymine
G
C = Cytosine
= Guanine
=Helicase
= Primer
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
A T
GC
T A
G C
A T
A T
GC
T A
G C
A T
The place helicase begins is called the origin of replication. It usually starts at an Adenine and Thymine bond because it is only a double bond while Guanine and Cytosine has a triple bond. DNA Polymerase III reads in a 3’-5’ but synthesis in 5’-3’. DNA Primase attaches on to DNA and adds RNA primers. The primer then continues on until it meets the previous primer, then it turns into DNA. Polymerase I is there so there is no RNA. DNA Ligase forms phosphodiester bonds to complete that strand of DNA.
Why DNA needs to replicate.
• DNA needs to replicate because if something happens to a different piece of DNA the body needs to be able to make another copy to replace it. Also, it happens in the phase of mitosis called interphase. A mutation can be caused by an incorrect pair of nitrogen base pairs.
The End!