Biotherapy and Chemotherapy: Oral Complications

Sumaiya Kasbati & Sharoot Malik

Chemotherapy Agents

Methotrexate

• Uses: Cancer and rheumatoid arthritis

• Complications: Mouth ulcers, methotrexate

fog

Cyclophosphamide

• Uses: Cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus

erythematosus and scleroderma

• Complications: Sores in the oral cavity and

skin color change

Oral Mucositis

Role of Dental Hygienist

• Suggest mouthwash containing lidocaine or

salt water rinse

• Accurate evaluation and early

management

• Increase hydration

• Avoid alcohol

• Appropriate oral hygiene education

• Salivary substitutes

• Oral cryotherapy

• Cleaning of teeth and dentures twice a day

with soft bristle toothbrush

Conclusion

Dental hygienists play a pivotal role

before, during and after the chemo and

bio therapy thus making a marked

difference in treatment management and

improved quality of life of the patients.

Biotherapy Agents

Rituximab

• Uses: Cancer, lupus and rheumatoid arthritis

• Complications: Sores on lips and oral cavity,

pustules, blisters and peeling skin

Belimumab

• Use: Systemic lupus erythematosus

• Complications: Risk of infections, allergic

reaction, swelling of mouth, tongue and

throat

Mild oral mucositis

Moderate

oral mucositis

Redness Swelling &

Redness

and swelling painful sore

Normal,

healthy mouth

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