Bob ThomeSenior Manager, Grid Computing

Enterprise Grid Computing

The best thing about the Grid is that it is unstoppable.

The Economist, June 21, 2001

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Top 10 Grid Computing Lies

10. The grid will be unreliable because power grid failed last year

9. The grid is 5 years away

8. The grid is just for research and academic users

7. The grid requires multiple administrative domains

6. Al Gore invented the grid

Top 10 Grid Computing Lies

5. You need to rewrite your apps to take advantage of the grid

4. There is only one Grid

3. You need to move everything to the grid at once

2. Oracle 10g is a grid in a box

1. The grid only runs on PowerPoint

Problem with Today’s IT Infrastructure

Statically Assigned Islands of Computing Resource

– Some are melting down– Some are almost idle

High Costs– Hardware– Labor– Software

Hard to Align with Business Priorities

ERP

DW

EMAIL

ExampleExample

Example: In December

Order Entry maxes out processing orders Financials is idling below capacity

Order Entry Financials

Example: In January Order Entry drops off from season high Financials maxes out on year end close

Order Entry Financials

What is Grid Computing?

“In basic terms, grids are clusters of interconnected servers, enabling shared computing

resources utilization”

“Defining Grid Computing”, Giga Research, Agosto 2002

Grid Computing Vision

Computing as a utility– A network of clients and service providers

Client-side: Simplicity– Request computation or information and receive it

Server-side: Sophistication– Availability, load balancing, utilization– Information sharing, data management

Virtualization– Clients see a large virtual server– Underlying infrastructure hidden

Benefits of Grid Computing

Better information faster– Perform more work with fewer resources– Spread work across resources– Access to resources on demand

Faster response to changing business priorities – Instantly and dynamically realign IT resources as business

needs change

Reduced IT costs– Improve utilization of existing resources– Utilize less expensive commodity platforms

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Oracle Confidential

Technology Trends

Blades: Every vendor offering them– Huge cost advantages– Software vendors have to enable usage– Dell PowerEdge, HP Proliant BL, Sun Fire Blades,

Fujitsu Primergy BL Linux: Fastest growing OS

– Commodity OS– Ready for blades today– Linux and blades naturally complement each other

NAS, SAN, and IB provide storage access from any blade

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Grid Computing Evolution

DesktopComputingGrids

• Collaborate

• Example: SETI@home

SharedServerGrids

• Share

• Example: CERN

EnterpriseGrids

• Dedicated Servers In a Data Center

• Example:• Electronic Arts• Oracle Corp.

Outsourcing

The Final Phase: Outsourcing

Problem:– Many apps are already standardized– Replicating admin knowledge to administer standard

components is not cost effective– SMB does not have scale to realize grid benefits

Solution: – Buy the application as a service

Implementation:– Available today from many vendors, especially for SMB– Potentially explosive in under-automated economies and

industries…remember cell phones?

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Enterprise Grid Computing

Standardization– Standard blade servers, Linux– Fast interconnects for storage and network

Virtualization and provisioning – Resources dynamically assigned– Realign IT resources as business needs change

Scale out– Add additional resources to grow capability of

system

Grid Computing Components

Storage Database Servers Application Servers Provisioning and

Management Tools

Grid Computing Components

Storage Database Servers Application Servers Provisioning and

Management Tools

Align Storage with Business

Islands of storage – “My storage is

underutilized and growing 50% a year”

Align Storage with Business

Islands of data– “My storage is 30%

utilized and growing 50% a year”

Disk farms of industry standard disks

– Consolidate intoSAN or NAS

– Provisionas needed

Storage Grid

Oracle Automatic Storage Manager

– Provisions storage capacity automatically to Oracle 10g as needed

– Stripes and Balances I/O

– Mirrors: Immune to disk failure

Grid Computing Components

Storage Database Servers Application Servers Provisioning and

Management Tools

Align Processing with the Business

Islands of computation– “15% utilization of CPU is

exceptional”

Align Processing with the Business

Islands of computation– “15% utilization of CPU is

exceptional” Standardize resources

– Blades provide lowest cost, highest performance

– Not Self-healing, Disposable

Share virtual resources Provision resources as required Scale out

Issues

Blades typically 1-4 CPUs Many databases require greater than 4 CPUs Platform must scale to meet future/peak

demand Databases may require more memory or I/O

than many blades provide

Solution

Run database workload across clusters of multiple blades

– Federated database– Shared database

Federated Database

Partition large database into many small subsets

Provide a federated (union) view of all data

Strengths: scalable, extensible

Challenges: inflexible, limited application support, availability

Data SubsetsData Subsets

Federation Layer

Shared Database

Multiple blades access a single database

Any instance access any data

Strengths: High availability, broad application support, dynamic scalability

Challenges: Requires shared disk, fast interconnect

AllAllDataData

Listener/Balancer

Oracle Real Application Clusters

Databases on the Grid

Database clustering with shared disk– Low cost– highest quality of service– Scalability AND availability

Add/drop servers as needs change Automatically balance load across servers Proven

– Hundreds of customers running enterprise applications

CPU allocation staticDynamically allocate CPU

Repartition/reload, drop bladeDrop blade while running

Add blade, reload/repartitionAdd blade while running

Federated DatabaseShared Database

CPU Provisioning on Demand

AllAllDataData

Data SubsetsData Subsets

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Shared database supports dynamic CPU provisioning

CPU Provisioning on Demand

Quarter end sale on the website– Web site load serviced by blades Quarter ends, GL closes the books

– GL higher priority, add nodes– Capacity on Demand

Scale out automaticallyaccording to your priorities

Increase the allocated portionof the blade farm

– Add blades or increasethe sandbox

General Ledger Web Site

Example: In December

Order Entry maxes out processing orders Financials is idling below capacity

Order Entry Financials

Example: In January Order Entry drops off from season high Financials maxes out on year end close

Order Entry Financials

Example: With Grid Computing

Load balance based on a policy to optimize around both of these peak load conditions

Order Entry & Financials

Policy based CPU Provisioning

Specify service levels– Response time– CPU utilization

Monitor service levels Automatically add/drop resources to meet

service level objectives Frees administrator from provisioning

activities

Resonance

Automatically provision CPU between databases as loads change

– Completely automatic and policy driven – Automatically add/drop instances servicing a RAC

database Load-based session management and migration

– Automatically migrate sessions to rebalance workload across RAC instances

– Intelligently direct sessions to instances – Service-based

Transparent to applications– No application code changes required

Demo

Provision Data

Move data to available cpu– Access on demand– Replicate– Move

Provision data in bulk or incrementally with Streams

Build a CPU rich analytic farm

– Provision data in for processing

– Maintain it or throw it away

Grid Computing Components

Storage Database Servers Application Servers Provisioning and

Management Tools

Application Server Grid

Complete, integrated application server clusters

End-to-end transparent application fail-over

– Fast fault recovery in seconds

Application-specific load balancing policies

– Schedules– Runtime metrics

Grid Computing Components

Storage Database Servers Application Servers Provisioning and

Management Tools

Management Tools

Enterprise Manager Grid Control– Manage sets of systems as one– Application service level management– Policy-based standardization– Automated provisioning of Oracle components– Automated administration

Provisioning Tools

Many third-parties (systems vendors) provide provisioning tools

Designed to manage an entire heterogeneous grid

Create virtual lans, clusters, and application sandboxes on demand

Must interoperate with applications and application specific provisioning infrastructure

Transition to Grid Computing

Start small– Move an application – Get experience– Establish standard

components– Create standard

procedures and patterns

– Create “known good” configurations

– Continue moving things

Scale Out

When you run out of capacity, buy more

– Clone components– Gain economies of

scale– Never make a big

capital investment– Never take a risk

Savings and flexibility increase as Grid grows

Enterprise Grid Computing

Enterprises can realize the benefits of grid computing now

New technologies make it easy– Standardize on modular low-cost

hardware components– Pool resources across applications– Provision resources as required– Scale out to add resources

More Information

Grid on OTN– http://otn.oracle.com/grid/