Presentation

Course: Steel StructureInstructor: Sir Waqar Ali

Class: BS CIVIL 7th semester

Bridge Construction

•Ahmed Zakaria

•Maaz Naqvi

•Shahrukh Aqiq

What is a bridge?

Bridge is the structure which covers a gap

Basic concepts of

bridges

•Beam •Piers•Cantilever•Load

•Truss

•Stable•Deform

Basic Concept of Bridges

•Span•Force, Compression & Tension

Basic Concept of Bridges

Basic Concept of Bridges

Basic Concept of Bridges

Types of Bridges

•Arch

•Truss

•Cantilever

•Cable-Stayed

•Suspension

•Keystone – the wedge-shaped stone of an arch that locks its parts together

•Abutments – the structures that support the ends of the bridge

Arch Bridge

•Works byCompression

Arch Bridge

Marsh Rainbow Arch, Riverton, KSRailway Arch Bridge

•Piers – the vertical supporting structures•Cables – thick steel ropes from which the

decking is suspended•Decking – the supported roadway on a

bridge

Cable Stayed Bridge

Cable Stayed Bridge

•Works by Tension AND Compression

Zakim Bridge, Boston

Suspension Bridges

•Similar to Cable-Stayed•Different construction method

Suspension Bridges

•Works by Tension and Compression

Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco, CA

Other TypesTrussSouthern Pacific Railroad Bridge, Tempe, AZ

CantileverFirth of Forth-Forth Rail Bridge, Edinburgh, Scotland

Now maaz

FOUNDATION

A foundation is the lowest and supporting layer of a structure

•Shallow Foundation•Deep Foundation

Foundation are generally divided into two categories:

Shallow Foundation

•Pad Foundation

•Strap Foundation

•Raft Foundation

There are variety of shallow foundation types used in construction of foundation columns .

Deep FoundationDeep Foundation are those foundation in which the depth of the foundation is very large in comparison to its width

Types of deep foundation

•Deep Strip

•Pile Foundation

•Pier Foundation

•Well Foundation

Pile Foundation

•Pile Foundation may be defined as a column support type of foundation

Types of Pile

1. Bearing piles.2. Friction piles.3. Sheet piles.4. Fender piles.5. Anchor piles.

Bearing Pile

•Bearing Piles are those which are driven into ground until the hard stratum is reached.

Friction piles

• These are the piles which bear the load of the structure by its skin friction developing by soil and the surrounding soil.

Sheet Piles

Sheet piling is an earth retention and excavation support technique that retain soil

Fender Piles

• Harbor Piles excel when used in foundering applications.

Anchor Piles.

•These are the piles which provide anchorage against horizontal pulls and thrusts

Now shahrukh

Causes ofBridges Failure

Reasons Why Bridge Collapse

10 Earth Quake

09 Fire

08 Train Crash

07 Boat Impact

the Judge William Seeber Bridge in New Orleans in 1993. The bridge carried road traffic over a canal, and a barge passing under the bridge struck a pier

supporting the bridge and severed it. Nearly 150 feet (46 meters) of bridge collapsed as a result

06 Flood

The Quebec Bridge collapsed twice during construction before finally

being built

05 Construction Error

04 Manufacturing Defects

03 Design Defects

Sometimes, bridges collapse due to design flaws

02 Poor maintenance

01 Odd occurrence

Some bridge collapses just can't be explained at all.

A bridge carrying the Connecticut Turnpike over the Mianus River collapsed in the middle of the night in June 1983

ANY QUESTION?